Nhungamiro Yenyu Yokutarisa Manyorerwo Pakuyaruka
Nzira Yokurapa Noutano Hwose Panguva Yokudzivirira
Rhinitis panguva yekuzvitakura inogona kunge yakakonzerwa neergenic rhinitis , sinusitis, kana isiri yeropaic rhinitis . Kana mukadzi wacho ane chirwere chinonzi allergenic rhinitis vasati vaita pamuviri, izvi zvinogona kuwedzera kuipa, kuramba zvakangofanana, kana kunyange kuvandudza. Kuchinja uku kwezviratidzo kunogona kunge kunobva pane zvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira kuvapo kwemwaka inokonzerwa nemararamiro uye kuwedzerwa mune mahomoni ekuzvitakura.
Kwete-allergenic rhinitis pakuberekwa kungakonzerwawo nekuwedzera kwemahomoni ekuzvitakura, izvo zvinotungamirira kumasanganisvo emusana, mhepo inoputika uye mushure mutsva . Izvi zvinonzi "rhinitis yekuzvitakura". Zviratidzo zvinogona kufanana nemishonga, asi sezvo zvisiri izvo zvinokonzerwa nemasikirwo, hazvipinduri kune anti-histamines.
Mukadzi ane pamuviri ane rhinitis angave ane hanya nezvekuchengetedzwa kwemishonga panguva yekudzivirira, uye naizvozvo usapinda mishonga. Kana kuregererwa kwezvinhu zvinokonzerwa nezvinokonzerwa nemagetsi hakugoneki kana kuti kubudirira, mishonga inogona kudiwa kuti udzivirire zviratidzo.
Kuongororwa kweAlleric Rhinitis Panguva Yokudzivirira
Kuongororwa kwezveruzhinji kunosanganisira kuongorora ganda kana kuongorora ropa, kunonzi RAST . Muzhinji, kushandiswa kwehutachiona hweganda kunenge kusati kwaitwa panguva yekuzvitakura, zvichipiwa mukana muduku wevanaphylaxis inogona kuitika. Anaphylaxis panguva yekudzivirira , kana yakaoma, inogona kuguma nekuderera kweropa uye oksijeni kumubereki, zvichida kukuvadza fetus.
Nokudaro, kuongororwa kwemazuva ose kazhinji kunoderedzwa munguva yekuzvitakura, kunyange zvazvo RAST ingadai iri nzira yakachengeteka kana zvibereko zvichidiwa panguva yekuzvitakura.
Kuchengetedzwa Kwemishonga Inorwisa Mishonga panguva yekudzivirira
Maererano neDaily and Drug Administration (FDA), hapana madhiragi anonzi akachengetedzeka zvakakwana pamuviri.
Izvi ndezvokuti hapana mukadzi ane pamuviri angada kusayina kuti ave nechirwere chekuchengetedza mishonga paanenge ane pamuviri. Nokudaro, FDA yakapa mikana inowanikwa kune mishonga inobva mukushandiswa pakuberekwa.
Kubata pamuviri "A" mishonga ine mishonga umo mune zvidzidzo zvakanaka mumadzimai ane pamuviri anoratidza kuchengetedzwa kwemishonga kumwana mukutanga kwevatatu. Kune mishonga mishomanana mune iyi, uye hapana mishonga yekurapa. Chikamu "B" mishonga inoratidzira kudzivirirwa kwakanaka mumhuka dzakatakura asi hapana dzidzo dzevanhu dziripo. Kubata chikwata che "C" mishonga kungaguma nemigumisiro yakaipa pamucheche paanodzidza mumhuka dzine mimba, asi zvakakosha zvemishonga iyi zvinogona kurema kuisa njodzi muvanhu. Chikamu "D" mishonga inoratidza mungozi yakajeka kumucheche, asi pangave pane zviitiko umo zvikomborero zvinopfuura zvipingamupinyi zvevanhu. Uye pakupedzisira, chirongwa che "X" mishonga chinoratidza uchapupu hwakajeka hwekuremererwa kwekuberekwa kwemhuka uye / kana kudzidza kwevanhu uye hazvifaniri kushandiswa pakuzvitakura.
Pamberi pemishonga inotorwa panguva yekuzvitakura, chiremba uye murwere anofanira kunge ane kungozi / kubvunzurudza. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvinobatsira zvemishonga zvinofanira kuenzaniswa nezvengozi - uye mishonga inofanira kungotorwa chete kana zvikomborero zvisinganyanyi kukosha.
Kurapa kweRhinitis Panguva Yokudzivirira
Nasal saline . Rhinitis yekuzvitakura haitauri kupikisa anti-histamines kana mapiritsi emasipire. Izvi zvinoratidzika kunge zvinopindura kwechinguva kune nasal saline (mvura yemunyu), iyo yakachengeteka kushandisa panguva yekuzvitakura (haisi mishonga chaiyo). Nasal saline inowanika pamusoro pekambani, haina mari, uye inogona kushandiswa kakawanda sezvinodiwa. Kazhinji mapiritsi matatu kusvika ku6 akaiswa mumhino imwe neimwe, achisiya saline mumhino kusvika kumaminitsi makumi matatu, uye achizora mhino.
Antihistamines. Makwegura antihistamine, akadai se chlorpheniramine uye tripelennamine, ndivo vakagadziriswa kurapa allergenic rhinitis panguva yekuzvitakura, uye zvose zviri muboka B mishonga.
Zvitsva antihistamine zvakadai se-over-the-counter loratadine (Claritin® / Alavert® nemafomu evanhu) uye cetirizine (Zyrtec® nemafomu echimiro) uyewo pamuviri weboka B mishonga.
Decongestants. Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed®, mizhinji yakawanda miviri) ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mumuromo inonzi decongestant yekurapa allergen uye isina-allergenic rhinitis panguva yekuzvitakura, kunyange zvazvo inofanira kudziviswa munguva yose yekutanga kwema1 trimester, sezvo yakabatanidzwa necheche gastroschisis. Iyi mishonga inobata chikwata C.
Mishonga yakasvibiswa nemasera. Cromolyn nasal spray (NasalCrom®, generic) inobatsira pakurapa allergenic rhinitis kana inoshandiswa isati yambosvika kune imwe nzvimbo uye isati yavapo kutanga kwezviratidzo. Iyi mishonga inenge ichitakura chikwata B uye inowanika pamusoro pekambani. Kana iyi mishonga isingabatsiri, imwe nasal steroid, budesonide (Rhinocort Aqua®), yakagamuchira pamuviri weboka B yekare (mamwe ose ari chikamu C), uye naizvozvo inenge iri steroid yemasarudzo yekusarudza panguva yekuzvitakura. Rhinocort yakave yakawanikwa pane-the-counter isina mvumo kutanga kwegore ra2016.
Immunotherapy. Kurwisana kwezvenyeredzi kunogona kuenderera mberi panguva yekuzvitakura, asi hazvikurudzirwi kutanga chirwere ichi paunenge uine pamuviri. Kazhinji chirwere chemazuva ose hachina kuwedzerwa, uye vazhinji vanonzi allergists vanochera chirwere chemaitiro anokonzerwa ne50 muzana panguva yekuzvitakura. Vamwe veseoristist vanofunga kuti kuputika kwemazuva ose kunofanira kumira panguva yekuzvitakura, zvichipiwa njodzi yekuwana vanaphylaxis uye inogona kuisa njodzi kumucheche semugumisiro. Zvimwe pane anaphylaxis, hapana dare rinoratidza kuti zvinetso zvekuzvidzivirira pachako zvinowanzokonzera fetus.
Sources:
Allergen Immunotherapy Practice Parameters. Ann Allergy Chirwere Immunol. 2003; 90: S1-40.
Dykewicz MS, Fineman S, vaparidzi. Kuongororwa uye Kutungamirirwa kweRhinitis: Zvose Mirayiridzo ye Joint Task Force pamusoro pekushandisa maParamendi mune zveEergy, Asthma uye Immunology.