Izvo zvose zveEEMT zvinoda kuziva nezvemitsipa
Izvo chirwere cheshuga chirongwa chehurumende chinoshandisa kutaurirana mumuviri. Kune mhando ina dzemasero emagunha mumutambo wenheyo: manzwiro ane manzwiro, motokari dzemagetsi, magonhe emadziviriro uye inter-neurons ( neuron inongova izwi rakanaka kune nerve cell). Iwe unogona kugovera mapepa ose mumumuviri kusvika mune zvikamu zviviri: iyo inonzi nervous system uye inoratidzira nervous system .
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Iyo yakakosha yenheyo ine nhengo mbiri: uropi nemutsipa wepelinha. Iine mhando ina yemasero emagetsi uye ndiyo nzvimbo chete yaunogona kuwana inter-neurons. Pakati pehutachiona hunoshandiswa kubva kunze kwenyika zvakanaka chaizvo. Hazvibvumi kunyange neropa. Iyo inowana michero yayo kubva kune cerebrospinal fluid, mvura yakajeka iyo inoshambidza uropi nemutsipa wesipinha.
Nhengo mbiri dzakaputirwa nematatu matatu e membrane anonzi meninges . Maninges uye cerebrospinal fluid cushion uropi kuti uchengetedze kubva pakakuvadzwa nekugogodza pamusana. Zvinokwanisika kuwana utachiona kubva kumavirusi kana mabhakitiriya mune meninges inonzi meningitis . Zvinogonawo kuve nokubuda ropa pakati pemangwanani uye nehenya (iyo inonzi epidural hematoma ) kana pakati pezvikamu zvemashoko (anonzi subdural hematoma ). Kwose kubuda ropa kana kutapukirwa mukati mehenya kunogona kuisa kupinza pauropi uye kuitisa kusakosha.
Iko inotyisa yenheyo yakafanana nemafuta epakombiyuta yako (zvichida kombiyuta yaunoshandisa kuverenga iyi). Iri mukati mamiriyoni ehutano hunoita zvido zvishomanana zvakapoteredza kubva kune rimwe dunhu kuenda kune rimwe dunhu (nerve kumitsipa), kuverenga nekufunga. Uropi hwako hunoita huwandu hwekuverenga nekuchengetedza ruzivo.
Mutsipa wako wepamusoro wakafanana netambo yakawanda yakawanda yemhepo inoenda kumativi ose akasiyana europi.
Asi makombiyuta uropi mukati me laptop yako, sehuropi mukati memusoro wako, hazvibatsiri zvose pachako. Unofanirwa kuudza kombiyuta yako zvaunoda uye kuona kana kunzwa iyo kombiyuta yako iri kuedza kukuudza. Iwe unoda mamwe marudzi ekupinza uye zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi. Kombiyuta yako inoshandisa mouse, kristinhocheki kana khibhodi kuti uone zvaunoda kuti iite. Inoshandisa chitubu uye vatauriri kuti vaite.
Muviri wako unoshanda zvakafanana. Iwe une nhengo dzemazwi ekutumira mashoko kuuropi: maziso, nzeve, mhino, rurimi uye ganda. Kuti uite, une misumbu inokuita kuti ufambe, taura, tarisa, wink, tora rurimi rwako kunze-chero. Zvaunoita / zvakabuda zvigadziro zvikamu zvehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehurumende.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Izvo zvinokonzerwa nenheyo system ndezvose zvinosanganiswa nehutano hwemagetsi. Iine motokari, mitsipa yeruzivo uye mitsipa yakagadzikana. Zvinodzivirira zvirwere zvinoshanda chete, iyo inzira yekuyeuka. Idzo ndiyo mitsipa inodzora miviri yedu. Icho chiitiko chemuviri we thermostat, yeawa neyemusi yeutsi. Vanoshanda kumashure kuti vatichengetedze patsika uye tine utano, asi havatori simba rehuropi kana kuti vanoda kutungamirirwa.
Zvinodzivirira zvirwere hazvina kuparadzaniswa zvisinganzwisisiki kana kuva netsitsi kana kupisa mishonga.
- Netsitsi dzinonzwira tsitsi dzine chido chokusimudzira isu. Vanowedzera kuwedzera kwemwoyo, kufema uye kuwedzerwa kweropa. Iyi mitsipa inokonzera Kurwisana kana Mhinduro yekupindura.
- Parasympathetic nerve inoita kuti ropa riyerere kusvika mumatumbo. Vanononoka pasi mwoyo uye vanoderedza kuwedzerwa kweropa.
Funga nezvemitsipa yekunzwira tsitsi sezvinonzi body accelerator uye mishonga yeparasympathetic seyocheka. Mumuviri wako unogara uchikurudzira rutivi rwepasyympathetic uye rutivi ruremekedzo panguva imwechete - sekufanana naambuya vangu vaishandiswa kutyaira, nechitsiko pane imwe neimwe.
Motokari mishonga inotangira kubva mukati memutambo wenheyo uye inoenda kunzvimbo dziri kure dzomuviri. Vanonzi motokari mitsipa nokuti vanogara vachiguma mumasumbu. Kana iwe uchifunga pamusoro pazvo, izvo chete zvinoratidza uropi hwako hukutumira kunyika yekunze ndeyekuita zvinhu zvichifamba. Kufamba, kutaura, kurwisana, kumhanya kana kuimba zvose kutora misumbu.
Nzira dzinotyisa dzinoenda kune imwe nzira. Vanotakura zviratidzo kubva kunze kuenda kunheyo yenheyo system. Nguva dzose dzinotanga munhengo yekunzwa: maziso, nzeve, mhino, rurimi kana ganda. Chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu izvi zvine marudzi anopfuura ainomwe emishonga inonzwika - somuenzaniso, ganda rinogona kuona kushushikana, kutonhora nekurwadziwa.
Shoko Pamusoro peSpinal Cord
Mutsipa wepelinha ndiko kubatana pakati penheyo yenheyo uye pembepa. Icho chinonyatsoshanda chikamu cheNCS, asi ndiyo iyo yakawanda yemotokari uye manzwiro anonzwa kusvika kuuropi. Pakati pemutsipa wepelinha mamwe emamwe ma-inter-neurons ataurwa pamusoro apa. Muchiropi, inter-neurons yakafanana nekushanduka kwekombiyuta mumapurogiramu epakombiyuta, zvichibatsira kuita kuverenga uye kuita zvakanyanya kufunga.
Mumutsipa wepelinha, inter-neurons ine basa rakasiyana. Pano vanoita sechirongwa chepfupi pfupi, vachititendera kuita zvimwe zvinhu nokukurumidza kudarika zvatingaita kana chiratidzo chacho chaifanira kufamba nenzira yose kuenda kuuropi uye kumashure. I-inter-neurons mumutsipa wepelinha ndiwo anokonzera kugadzirisa - chikonzero chaunodzokera kumashure apo iwe unobata pani inopisa usati waona zvakaitika.
Kutumira Zviratidzo
Mitsipa inotakura mameseji kuburikidza nemasikirwo anonzi impulses. Kungofanana nekombiyuta zviratidzo zvinyorwa zvinyorwa, zvinogona kunge zviripo kana kuti zvisizvo. Nhengo imwe chete yetsinga haigoni kutumira chiratidzo chisina simba kana chiratidzo chinowedzera. Inogona kuchinja maitiro - gumi mafungiro pamusi wechipiri, somuenzaniso, kana makumi matatu - asi tsvina imwe neimwe yakangofanana.
Mifungo inofamba nemutsara nenzira yakangofanana nemasero emasumbu anosangana, kuburikidza nemakemikari. Masero emagetsi anoshandisa maminerari ionised (salts efana calcium, potasium uye sodium) kuti iite simba. Handizopindi zvakanyanya mukati mehutano, asi muviri unoda mukana wakaenzana wezvinhu zvitatu zvezvi minera zvekushanda kushanda zvakanaka. Zvakawanda kana zvishoma zvishoma zveizvi uye musimbe kana mitsipa inoshanda zvakanaka.
Nhengo dzemawere dzinogona kuva dzakanaka kwenguva refu, asi dzichiri kutora maverengi kuti uwane kubva pamucheto wemunwe wako kumutsipa wako wepelinha. Masero haabatanidzi. Panzvimbo pacho, chido chacho chemakemikari chinotumirwa (kutapurirwa) kubva kune imwe nhengo yesero kusvika kune inotevera kushandisa zvinhu zvinonzi seurotransmitters .
Kuwedzera neurotransmitter kune ropa rinogona kukonzera mitsipa kutumira zviratidzo. Semuenzaniso, vazhinji vetsitsi dzemawere dzakataurwa pamusoro apa ( Kurwisana kana Flight cells) dzinosvika kune imwe nyanzvi inonzi adrenaline, iyo inosunungurwa muropa kubva kune zvinyorwa zvinotyisa apo patinotya, tichisimbiswa kana kuti tavhunduka.
Kana iwe uine hutano hwakasimba hwehutano hwemagetsi ehurumende huchishanda sei, zvishomanana kusvetuka kunzwisisa kuti sei zvimwe zvinhu kana mishonga inotitambudza isu nenzira yavanoita. Zviri nyore zvakare kunzwisisa kuti kurohwa kana maitiro anobata sei uropi.
Mumuviri isimba rinosunganidza makemikari nguva dzose achibatana. Nenzira yehutano ndiyo inonyanya kukosha kwekubatana. Iyi ndiyo nheyo yekunzwisisa mafungiro evanhu vose.