Vakwegura Vakuru, Dementia uye Mafambisi Anodzivirira
Maitiro emagadziri emishonga yakagadzirirwa kutowedzera manzwiro akasiyana zvikuru. Semuenzaniso, munhu ane zvakanyanya kukwirira (mania) uye anorara (kuora mwoyo) anogona kuonekwa kuti ane bipolar disorder uye anyorerwa mafungiro ekusimudzira mishonga kuedza kugadzirisa kuchinja kwemaitiro uye manzwiro avo. Iyi mishonga yakave yakarongedzwa pane dzimwe nguva kuti iite zviratidzo zvekuzvibata uye zvepfungwa zvekuora mwoyo kwepfungwa (BPSD) .
Izvi zvinowanzonziwo " mafambiro anorwadza " muhutano hwemararamiro.
Mune Mamiriro Ezvinhu Anodzivirira Achibudirira muDementia?
Mishonga yakasiyana-siyana-yakawanda yadzo inonzi anticonvulsants (zvinodhaka kuderedza kugunun'una) -inorondedzerwa semafungiro ekugadzirisa. Nenzira yakawanda, kutsvakurudza hakubatsiri kushandiswa kwemaitiro ekugadzirisa dambudziko rehutano hwevanhu, kunyange kune zvimwe zvikonzero izvo chiremba ari kufunga nezvazvo paanorayira mishonga iyi. Nokufamba kwenguva, tsvakurudzo inowedzera inogona kujekesa kushandiswa kwemishonga iyi kune vanhu vanorarama nehutano hwemararamiro.
Heano mamwe emamwe maitiro anowanzogadziriswa, kusanganisira hukuru hwekubudirira kwavo mukurapa kushungurudzika uye kushungurudzika muhutano hwehutano, zvichienderana nekuongorora kwekutsvakurudza.
Lithium (Eskalith, Lithobid):
Lithium inowanzorongedzerwa kurapa chirwere cheBipolar. Dzidzo dzakawanda hadzina kuwana kuti dzinoshanda pakurapa maitiro akaoma mukuora mwoyo.
Valproate (Depakote):
Iyi anticonvulsant drug group, iyo inosanganisira divalproex sodium (Depakote), valproate sodium (Depacon) uye valproic acid (Depakene, Stavzor), yakashandiswa nevamwe vanachiremba kuti vabate utsinye muhutano hwehutano asi huwandu, kushandiswa kwayo hakubatsiri nekutsvakurudza . Imwe tsvakurudzo yakave yakaratidza kuti kurasikirwa kwakawedzerwa kwehuropi ivhu nekushandiswa kwe divalproex sodium muhutano hwemangara.
Carbamazepine (Tegretol):
Iyi inonzi antiticonvulsant mishonga inowanzogadziriswa kuti iite zvirwere kune vanhu vane chirwere chekufa. Imwe tsvakurudzo yakawana kuti iyi mishonga yakanga yakanyatsoshanda mukurapwa kwechisimba muhutano hwemweya. Zvisinei, hazviwanzoshandiswi nokuti inogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa, yakadai sekubatana nemamwe mishonga, kukura kwepasi yakanyanya sodium uye yakaderera chichena chechichena cheropa.
Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal):
Kutsvakurudza kwakaratidza kuti iyi anticonvulsant mishonga yave isingabatsiri pakugadzirisa zvinetso zvinopesana nehutano hwekuora mwoyo.
Lamotrigine (Lamictal):
Lamotrigene chimwe chirwere chinowanzorairwa kuti chirwere kupera muhutura. Pakave nekutsvakurudza kwakanyanya kwakaratidza kuvandudzwa kwekushungurudzika kwehutano hwepfungwa nekushandiswa kwayo, uye kumwe kuongorora kwakawana kuti kuitungamirira pamwe nemishonga inorwisa antipychotic yakabatsira kudzivisa kuwedzera mishonga inopesana nenyuchi. IU.S. Food and Drug Administration inotaura kuti lamotrigene ine ngozi shomanana yehupenyu hunopisa upenyu hunogona kukura senhengo yechipfuva.
Antipsychotic mishonga, iyo dzimwe nguva inoratidzirwa semafungiro ekugadzirisa mafungiro, inowanzonyorwa kuti ibatsire kuderedza maitiro akaoma uye manzwiro anoodza mwoyo mukuora mwoyo.
Antipsychotic mishonga inosanganisira Abilify (aripiprazole), Clozaril (clozapine), Haldol (haloperidol), Risperdol (risperidone), Seroquel (quetiapine), uye Zyprexa (olanzapine).
Tsvakurudzo dzinoverengeka dzave dzichiitwa pamishonga inorwisa antipsychotic uye kushandiswa kwavo kweBPSD. Iyi mishonga inobatsira zvishoma mukutsvakurudza kuratidzira kuti inogona kubatsira nemafungiro akaoma muhutano hwemararamiro, asi inowedzerawo njodzi yezvinetso, uye kunyange rufu, nekushandisa kwavo. Pamusana pengozi iyi, kwakave nekudana kwenyika yose kubva kuCentral Medicare neMedicaid kuti kuderedze kushandiswa kwemishonga inopesana nemasikirwo kune vanhu vane dambudziko rekushaya mungozo.
Antipsychotic mishonga inonyanya kukodzera apo munhu ane dhementia ari kushaya paranoia , kunyengedzwa kana kukanganisa kunokonzera kutambudzika. Antipsychotics haifaniri kushandiswa nekuda kwekuti mumwe munhu haana zororo, anetseka, achidzungaira , kana kuti asina kurara zvakanaka usiku.
Shoko kubva
Chinonyanya kukosha, kupindira kwemishonga kusingabatsiri kwemaitiro akaoma mumararamiro kunofanira kuedzwa musati mishonga ishandiswa. Kunyange zvazvo pasina mhinduro inoshanda nguva dzose, nzira dzisiri dzemishonga dzakaratidza kubudirira mukuderedza, uye kupindura, BPSD.
Zvinonzwisisika
** Ndapota cherechedza kuti ruzivo rwakabatanidzwa pawebsite ino uye rwakabatanidzwa kune vose uye kubva kune ino yepaiti haisi mazano ezvokurapa uye ndeyekutungamirirwa uye ruzivo chete. Ndakaita zvose zvese kuti ndiratidze ruzivo rwakarurama rwesayenzi uye tsvakurudzo yakatsvakurudzwa, asi izvi hazvirevi kutarisira uye kutungamirirwa kubva kunechiremba. **
Sources:
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The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences. 2012 Apr; 28 (4): 185-93. Maitiro Anodzivirira Kwechirwere Chekuita uye Mafungiro ePfungwa Maitiro eDementia: Ongororo Ongororo. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22453066
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Santa Clara County Mental Health Department. Mishonga Yokushandisa Mirayiridzo. Maitiro Anodzivirira. June 2014. https://www.sccgov.org/sites/mhd/Providers/PharmacyInformation/MHDGuidelines/Mood%20Stablizers%20Complete%206-2014.pdf
United States National Library yeMishonga. Drug Record. Carbamazepine. Svondo 30, 2015. http://livertox.nih.gov/Carbamazepine.htm
United States National Library yeMishonga. Lamotrigine. Musi waJanuary 13, 2016. https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a695007.html