Kana iwe unonetseka nezvekuwana kenza yeganda, iwe unofanirwa kurega kusvuta zvino kuti uzvidzivirire . Vanhu vazhinji vanoziva kuti miviri ye ultraviolet kubva zuva inogona kutungamirira kune kenza yeganda. Zvishoma zvishoma zvinonyatsozivikanwa ndezvokuti kushandiswa kwefodya kunogona katatu mukana wako wekuwedzera squamous cell carcinoma .
Kusvuta: Inhema Yechokwadi
Maererano neCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), vanhu vakura 44.5 mamiriyoni eUnited States vakanga vari kusvuta iye zvino muna 2006-24 muzana yevarume ne18 muzana yevakadzi.
Kusvuta kunouraya zvinoshamisa 438,000 vekuAmerica uye vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni matatu munyika yose gore negore.
Kusvuta ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekenza yemapapu, larynx (izwi bhokisi), muromo wemuromo, pharynx (throat), sophagus (kumedza tube inosangana kumudumbu), uye chikwata. Iyo inobatsira pakubudirira kwekenza yepancreas, chirwere chepachiviri, kidzo, mudumbu, uyewo mamwe maukirusi. Ndicho chinokonzera chirwere chemwoyo, aneurysms, bronchitis, emphysema, uye stroke. Kana izvozvo zvakanga zvisina kukwana (uye kune zvimwe zvakawanda zvehutano zvisingabatanidzwi), kusvuta zvakare kwakabatanidzwa kune mimwe mamiriro ezvinhu eganda:
- squamous cell carcinoma
- varonda vanga kuporesa
- zvinetso panguva yekuvhiyiwazve
- ganda risati rapera kukwegura
- acne
- psoriasis
- bvudzi rinopera
Kana iwe uchigere kugutsikana kusiya kusvuta, chimbofunga izvi: CDC inofungidzira kuti varume vakuru vanoputa vanorasikirwa nemuviri wemakore gumi nemaviri ehupenyu, uye vasikana vanosvuta vanotasikirwa nemakore 14.5 ehupenyu nekuda kwekusvuta.
Zvishandiso uye mazano zviripo kuti zvikubatsire kurega.
Uchapupu hweHuniti
Zvichida uchapupu hwakanakisisa hwekushamwaridzana pakati pokusvuta uye kenza yepachibva kunotsvakurudzwa naSofie De Hertog uye vashandi veLeiden University Medical Center muNetherlands. Vatsvakurudzi vakabvunzurudza vanhu 580 vaiva nechimwe chimiro chekenza yeganda uye 386 vasina.
Vakaona kuti mumasikati vanoputa, mungozi yekudzidzira squamous cell carcinoma inokwana 3.3 zvakapfuura kupfuura kune vasina kusvuta. Kwete kuwirirana pakati pokusvuta uye basal cell carcinoma kana kuti melanoma yakawanikwa.
Vaimbova vachesi vanogona kuderedza zvikuru mungozi yavo yekubatana nekenza yenguruvara, asi kungova 1.9 nguva yakawanda inowedzera ngozi. Ukama hwakanaka hwakanyatsoonekwawo pakati pehuwandu hwefodya hwakasvuta uye huwandu hwehuwandu hwepamusoro: muvanopisa zvinorema (zvinopfuura 20 fodya pazuva), njodzi inowedzera zvakanyanya seyi 4.1, nepo vari kusvuta vanodya fodya pasi pe10 pazuva, njodzi inodonha kusvika 2.4. Zvinofadza kuti hapana hukama hwakawanikwa pakati pekusvuta fodya uye chiitiko chekenza yemaperembudzi, asi pipe yefodya yakanga ine ngozi imwechete neyekusvuta fodya.
Kubatana Kunoshanda Sei?
Kunyatsotaura kuti kusvuta fodya kunotungamirira sei kurwere chepachirwere hachisi pachena. Zvinokwanisika kuti imwe yemakemikari 3 000 muutsi hwefodya inogona kuita sechirwere cheganda (ganda rinokonzera kenza), zvichida nekubatana zvakananga neutsi (iyo inogona kukuvadza DNA mumasero eganda) kana kuti inobatwa nemapapu mu ropastream. Uchapupu hwokuti izvi zvinoshandiswa ndeyokuti kusvuta fodya inopisa ganda rinokonzerwa squamous cell carcinoma muzviitiko zvemhuka. Kusvuta kunogonawo kukonzera chirwere chepachivande nekudzivisa maitiro ezvirwere kubva mumuviri kubvira apo varwere vane maitiro ekudzivirirwa ezvirwere zvekuzvidzivirira nekuda kwechirwere chechirwere kana zvimwe zvinokonzera zvinowanzosangana ne squamous cell carcinoma.
Kutsvakurudza kunobatana pakati pokusvuta uye chirwere chepachirwere chiri kuenderera mberi. Asi saMichael Thun, MD, weAmerican Cancer Society anoti: "Pane zvikonzero zvakanyanya zveutano zvekurega kusvuta kwenguva refu. Ichi ndicho chimwe chikonzero chevanhu kuti varege kusvuta kana kuti vasatanga."
Sources:
Kusvuta kwechiremba yevanhu vakuru muUnited States: Mahesera Ezvino. Nzvimbo dzeDaase Control uye Kudzivirira.
De Hertog SA, Wensveen CA, Bastiaens MT, Kielich CJ, Berkhout MJ, Westendorp RG, Vermeer BJ, Bouwes Bavinck JN; Leiden Skin Cancer Yokudzidza. Kuwirirana pakati pokusvuta uye kenza yeganda. J Clin Oncol . 2001; 19 (1): 231-8.
Freiman A, Bird G, Metelitsa AI, Barankin B, Lauzon GJ. Zvimwe zvinokonzera kusvuta. J Cutan Med Surg ; 2004 8 (6): 415-23.
Morita A. Utsi hwefodya hunokonzera kukwegura kweganda risati rapera. J Dermatol Sci 2007; 48 (3): 169-75.
Kusvuta Kunobatanidza Nekenza Yeganda. American Cancer Society. May 2001.