Chimwe chinhu chinoshandiswa muzwi rakarongedza-mhizha rinotsanangura dambudziko rebhakitiriya rinorwisana nemishonga yakawanda inorongwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Izvi zvinokonzera mabhakitiriya zvinogona kukonzera kushushikana sezvo dzimwe nguva tisina mishonga yekurapa zvirwere zvataimbogona kubata. Tinotaura nezvekusvika panguva yeAnti-Antibiotic. Kunyanya kushandiswa uye kusashandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya zvinoreva kuti takabvumira zvikwata zvekuwedzera kuti zvikure zvinopesana nemishonga iyi uye madhiragi haasisiri kushanda.
Ramba uchiverenga kuti uone kuti ndeapi mabhakitiriya anotapuridza akashandisa maantibhakitiriya kushorwa uye zvino anonzi Superbugs.
Kune nzira dzakawanda dzatinogona kukwanisa kuderedza mukana wemishonga iyi kupararira. Zvirwere zvinogona kubatsira kudzivirira mishonga iyi. Kunyangwe nzira yekare yekudzivirira zvirwere - kushandisa Phages - iyo inoshandisa mabhakitiriophage kana mavairasi anotapudza nekudzivirira mabhakitiriya.
Ndeapi mamwe Emerging Superbugs?
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Staphylococcus aureus (kana zvisina kutaurwa kunonzi "Staph") inozviratidza munzira dzakawanda, asi zvichida inonyanya kuzivikanwa se "nyama-kudya mabhakitiriya". Inenge 25 kusvika ku30% yehuwandu hwevanhu inokonzerwa naStaph mumhino dzavo kana pamusoro peganda ravo, asi kana ikawana nzira yayo kunze kwechigadziko cheganda, inogona kukonzera zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, kubva pane zvirwere zviduku zvishoma, kusanganisira pimples kana mapiritsi, kune dzimwe zvirwere zvakakomba zvinogona kutungamirira kune zvinouraya, zvakadai sepneumonia kana sepsis.
Kwenguva yakawanda, penicillin uye methicillin vaifungidzirwa kurapwa kwakanakisisa kweStap zvirwere. Mitsetse yeStaph iyo inorwisana ne methicillin yakatanga kuonekwa muzvipatara nezvimwe zvivako zvehutano. Zvisinei, mumakore achangopfuura, MRSA inobatanidza vagari vomunharaunda yakave yakawanda. Nyaya yemazuva ichangopfuura muJAMA yakaratidza kuti muna 2005, MRSA yakaparadzira vanenge vanenge 9 000 veAmerica, umo 1 muzvishanu zvekupindwa kwezvirwere zvakanga zvichitadza.
Mishonga isingagadziri tuberculosis (MDR - uye XDR-TB )
Tuberculosis, inozivikanwawo se "kushandiswa", chirwere chinoparadza chinowanikwa nekuputika mumapapu, uko kunogona kukonzera chirwere (pulmonary tuberculosis), asi chinogona kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo mumuviri, zvichiguma nemharidzo dzakasiyana-siyana (meningitis, Zvirwere zvePott, nezvimwewo). Isati yasvika kuwanikwa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, chirwere chetachiona chakanga chisingatambudziki. Zvisinei, kunyange nekushandiswa kwemaantirayotiyo akapararira mumakore ekuma1940, zvirwere zvinotapukisa zvinodhaka zvisina kufanira (MDR-TB) zvakabuda uye ndizvo zvinokonzera rufu, zvikurukuru pakati pevanhu vane HIV. MDR-TB inokonzerwa nematambudziko eMycobacterium tuberculosis ayo asingagadziri maantibiotic isoniazid uye rifampicin. Chikamu cheMDC-TB, yakawanda-chinodhaka-chinogadziriswa tuberculosis (XDR-TB), inokonzerwa nematambudziko asingasviki ayo asingagamuchirwi ne isoniazid uye rifampicin, pamwe nemishonga yechipiri (kana kutevera). Zvose MDR- uye XDR-TB hazvishamisi muUnited States, asi vanhu vane HIV vane pangozi yakakura yekutapukirwa.
Inococcus ine zvinodhaka
Inococcus faecalis uye Inococcus faecium inowanikwa mumarumbo uye muchikadzi uye inogona kukonzera zvirwere zvekuvhota, zvirwere zveropa, uye meningitis.
Inococci inogona kukonzera zvirwere zvinouraya kune vanhu vane hutano husina kunaka, zvakadai sevana nevakwegura. Tsvina dzakawanda dzezvinodhaka zvinopesana nezvinokonzerwa nezvinodhaka zvakabuda mumakore makumi matatu apfuura, kusanganisira izvo zvisingawirirani ne penicillin, vancomycin, uye linezolid.
Kunyorwa zvinodhaka Streptococcus pneumoniae
Streptococcus pneumoniae inowanzokonzera hutachiona hwekunzwa muvana, meningitis, systemic, uye pneumonia. Mitsetse isinganzwisisi ne penicillin uye imwe penicillin-yakafanana nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakawedzera pamusoro pemakore makumi matatu apfuura uye inokonzerwa nehuwandu hwekufa uye kurwara muUnited States
Zvimwe
Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inowanikwa mune zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvebhakitiriya pamitengo inotyisa. Kunewo zvakare CRE , Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae . - iyo yakapararira kunyanya muzvipatara. Zvimwe zvinokonzera mabhakitiriya ane zvirwere zvinorapwa zvinorwisa mabhakitiriya zvinosanganisira, asi hazvirevi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (an "opportunistic pathogen" inokonzera vanhu vasingagoni kuzvidzivirira), Streptococcus pyogenes (imwe mhuka dzekudya-nyama uye chikonzero che strep throat, impetigo, uye tsvuku fivhiri) uye Proteus vulgaris (chikonzero chezvizhinji zvekuvhiringidza kwemashoko). Kurwisa zvirwere zvinogona kupararira nekufamba kana nepabonde - semishonga inopikisa Shigella yaita.
Sources:
Community-Associated MRSA Information for the Public. CDC. 11 August 2008
Klevens, R. Monina, et al. "Invasive Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Zvirwere muUnited States". JAMA 2007 298: 1763-1771. 30 Mbudzi 2008.
Chokwadi Sheet. Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB). Kurambana kweTiberculosis Kuchengeta. CDC. 11 August 2008
Chokwadi Sheet. Kunyanya Kurapa-Kurwisa Tuberculosis (XDR TB). Kurambana kweTiberculosis Kuchengeta. CDC. 11 August 2008
Hyucke, Mark M, Daniel F. Sahm, naMichael S. Gilmore "Multiple-Drug Resistant Enterococci: Mamiriro eDambudziko uye Agenda yenguva Yemberi". Emerging Infectious Diseases Apr-Jun 1998 4: 239-249. 30 Mbudzi 2008.