Chirwere chirwere chisingaperi chirwere chepapu, chinotungamirira kune zvikamu zvinowanzoitika zvekufema (iyo yakanyanyisa kunzwisa inzwi inenge ichiitika panguva yekufema mukati nekunze), kunzwa kwechifupa chisimbiso kana kunetseka, pfungwa yekusawana mweya wakakwana (kufema kufema), uye kukwaya. Mune vanhu vane astmma, mapapu emhepo anoputika anopera, zvichiita kuti kuderera kwemhepo.
Uturu hwakapoteredza kumhepo hunova hunova nehanya uye hupano hunoenderana nekukonzera kwakasiyana-siyana, zvichiita kuti zviratidzo zvehutenda zviitike.
Chii Chinoita Kuti Asthma Iwedzere Kuipa?
Kune huwandu hwakasiyana-siyana hunokanganisa hunoita kuti huve nehutachiona hwezviratidzo zvechirwere. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kurovedza muviri, kuputika kwezvirwere zvirwere (kunyanya inotonhora), inhaled allergens (yakadai sepollens , spores mold , pet dander, uye guruva mite), zvinokanganisa (zvakadai seutsi hwefodya), simba guru, kushungurudzika kana kunyange kuchinja mune hormone mazinga (sekufanana nemukadzi panguva yekuenda kumwedzi).
Nyeredzi Inowanikwa Sei?
Kunyange zvazvo zviratidzo zvehutema zviri kunyatsoratidza kufungidzirwa kwechirwere, kunyanya kana zviratidzo izvi zvingave zviri nani nekushandiswa kwebrukandilator (inonzi albuterol ) yakagadziriswa, kungova nezviratidzo zvehuputi hazvikwanisi kuita kuti kuongororwa kweAsthma.
Kuongororwa kweAsthma kunobva pane chiyero chekudzivirirwa kwemhepo kunoshandiswa pamhepo inonzi spirometry.
Kana imwe nhamba yemapapu inoshanda, iyo inonzi FEV1 (yakamanikidzwa kupera simba mukati me1 seconds), inowedzera zvinenge 12% uye 200 milliliteri mushure mekudzivirirwa kwebronchodilator, zvino kuongororwa kweAsthma kunogona kuitwa. IFV1 ndiyo mweya yakawanda inogona kubudiswa mumapapu mukutanga kwechipiri chekubuda mumhepo.
Kana ichi chinokosha chichiwedzera mushure mekudzivirira kweBronchodilator, izvi zvinoreva kuti bronchodilator aikwanisa kuponesa mishonga mumugwagwa wakakwana kubvumira mhepo yakawanda kuti ibude nekukurumidza, ichiratidza kuvapo kwekudzivirira kwemhepo. Imwe nzira yekufunga pamusoro peizvi ndiko kuvhara munda webindu: Kana munda wega wega wakanamirwa, mvura inogona kubuda. Kana imwe purogiramu ikava isina kukanganiswa, mvura inobuda nokukurumidza. Iyi ndiyo nzira yakafanana yekuti mweya inobva sei mumapapu nekukurumidza kana kugadziriswa kwemhepo kuchigadziriswa nekuputika kwebharodilator.
Kuongororwa kweAsthma kunogonawo kuitwa kuburikidza ne-bronchoprovocation, iyo ndiyo muedzo inoderedza mapapu ekushanda pa spirometry. Vanhu vane astmma vakawedzera kusagadzikana kwemhepo inoenda mumapapu, uye izvi zvinogona kukonzera kudonha muFiV1 kuburikidza nehupanoprovocation. Broncho provocation inogona kuitwa kuburikidza nekuputika kwemishonga inokonzera kupindirana kwemisungo iri mumhepo (seyakadai nemethacholine), kusunungurwa kwemakemikari ose anokonzera kune mast maseva mumapapu (zvakadai nemannitol kana allergen), kana nekurovedza muviri kana kuputika kutonhora mhepo. Dambudziko rakanaka, iro rinowanzorondedzerwa sekuderera mu FEV1 ye15-20% (zvichienderana nekuedzwa kushandiswa), inofadza (asi kwete kuongororwa) chirwere cheputi nokuti chirwere chebhakato chinonzi che bronchoprovocation chinogonawo kuitika kune vanhu vane chirwere chinonzi allergen rhinitis uye ikozvino kupfurikidza kuputika kweutachiona.
Kusagadziriswa kwekwenyuka kunokonzerwa nekugadzirisa zvirwere kunogona kubatsira zvikuru pakusabvisa mukana wekushaya mweya.
Dzimwe mimwe miedzo inogona kuratidza kana kuramba kuvapo kwechirwere kunosanganisira kupera kwezviyero zvinokonzera, zvinokonzera zvinokonzera zvipembenene zvakadai sedhaled nitric oxide uye sputum eosinophils. Hapana chimwe chezviedzo izvi chinonzi kufungidzirwa kwechirwere panguva ino, kunyange zvazvo zvingave zvinobatsira pakucherechedza chirwere kune vanhu vagara vaongororwa vane spirometry.
Nokudaro, chirwere chinofanira KUNYANYA chiongororwe nekushandiswa kwe spirometry - kana kushandisa bronchodilator kuti iwedzere FEV1 kana kushandisa shanduko dzakasiyana-siyana dzekushaya maruva kunoderedza FEV1.
Kunobva:
Nharaunda yeZvesa Dzidzo Nekudzivirira Purogiramu Yenharaunda Yevadzidzi Panharaunda 3 . National Heart, Lung uye Blood Institute / National Institutes of Health. Website.
KUDZIDZA: Mashoko anowanikwa mune ino yepaiti ndeyedzidzo yekudzidzisa chete, uye haafaniri kushandiswa sechinzvimbo chekutarisirwa kwega nechiremba ane chiremba. Ndapota ona chiremba wako kuti uongorore uye kurapwa chero kupi zvako pamusoro pezviratidzo kana chirwere chekurapa.