Eczema, inozivikanwawo seatopic dermatitis, inogara isingaperi, zvirwere zvepachirwere zvinowanzoitika mumucheche asi zvinogona kupfuurira kana kutanga mumunhu mukuru. Kufanana nezvimwe zvirwere uye chirwere chemafi, atopic dermatitis inotanga kumhanya mumhuri.
Zviratidzo
Eczema inowanzotanga sechitsva icho, kana chichinyorova, chinoputika mumhepo. Izvozvo zvinogona kuitika kupi pose pamuviri, kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nzvimbo dzakanyanya kufanana zvichienderana nezera remunhu.
Eczema pakutanga inoratidzika sehombodo tsvuku tsvuku, kana vesicles, iyo inogona kubuda kana kuputika nekuramba ichichera. Sezvo ganda rinoramba richinyoroveswa, richaonekwa sechekete kana kuti lichenified.
Nzvimbo ye eczema pamuviri inobva pazera remunhu. Muvana uye vana vaduku zvikuru, eczema inowanzobatanidza chiso, chifukidzo, uye kumashure kwechizoro, sezvo idzi ndiyo nzvimbo iyo mwana anogona kukwira. Eczema haiwanzoitiki munharaunda yemahara, kunze kwekuti mwana akwanise kubuda ikoko.
Muvana vakwegura nevakuru, nzvimbo ye eczema inowanzobatanidza ganda muchende hwemashizha uye kumashure kwemabvi, sezvo aya "flexural" nzvimbo dziri nyore nyore. Eczema inogonawo kusanganisira chiso, maziso emawere, uye inogona kunge yakakwana kune zvanza zvezvanza nemaoko emakumbo, zvikurukuru kune vanhu vakuru.
Mune vanhu vane eczema, maitiro ezvirwere zvezvirwere zvezvirwere anowedzera kurwara kune kurwara kupfuura kurwisa zvirwere.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti ganda rine zvirwere zvishoma-kurwisana nemakemikari, kupa mabhakitiriya akasiyana-siyana, fungi, uye mavairasi mukana wakanaka wekukura kana kuvhara ganda.
Ukoloni uye utachiona hweganda neStaprolocloccus aureus mabhakitiriya inogona kukuvadza hupenyu hwemazuva asi kurapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kunogona kubatsira kuvandudza eczema.
Zvirwere zvefungal, zvakadai seworworm , zvinowanzoonekwa kune vanhu vane eczema, kunyanya kana mishonga yekorticosteroid yakashandiswa kakawanda. Zvirwere zvepachirwere zvinowanikwawo kune vanhu vane eczema, zvakadai seye herpes infections uye molluscum contagiosum. Vanhu vane bhakitiriya rweganda rekoniyoni uye / kana utachiona hunogona kugadzirisa zviratidzo zvavo zvekugadzirisa nekushandiswa kwebhisiketi yebhisiki .
Kurapa
Kudzivisa zvinokonzera kugunzva kunofanira kuva chinhu chekutanga kune vanhu vane eczema. Dzivisa kupfeka zvipfeko zvinogona kutsamwisa ganda, rakadai semvere dzemakwai, nylon, nezvimwe zvinhu zvakagadzirwa. Zvokupfeka zvekotoni zvinofanira kunge zvakasakara uye zvakashambidzwa newaini yakanyoro uye kaviri-rinse. Kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvidheka kunofanira kudziviswa.
Kunyange zvazvo kuchenjerera kwezuva kusununguka kungabatsira kune eczema , kudarika-kutaridzika kune zuva, zvichikonzera kupisa kwezuva, kunofanira kudziviswa. Nokudaro, chisiki chezuva chinofanira kushandiswa kusununguka paganda musati mava nenguva yakareba yekubuda kwezuva.
Vanhu vane eczema inokosha vanofanira kuongororwa nekuda kwezvinhu zvinokonzera zvirwere uye kuongorora zvirwere . Pet dander uye imba guruva mite zvipembenene zvinokonzera mhepo zvinowanzowedzera kuipa kwegungwa. Uye zvirwere zvinowanzodiwa zvekudya zvinogona kukuvadza eczema, zvakare-kunyanya muvana.
Kuchengetedza kwakanaka kweganda kunotanga nekunyatsokonzera kufema uye hydration, iyo inoderedza kuchenesa nekugadzirisa eczema.
Kuyerera kweganda kunochengetedzwa nekushandiswa kwezuva nezuva kweganda rekuchenesa kweganda. Kunyorera kunogona kubatsira kana ukaitwa nenzira yakarurama-zuva rimwe nerimwe uchipinda mumvura yakashambidzwa yakashambidzwa uye inotevera kushandiswa kwekugadzirisa kamuti kubva pamusoro kusvika kuneweke apo ganda rinenge rakanyorova.
Mishonga
Ngatitarisei mishonga shomanana yemishonga inowanikwa pakuchengetwa kwechizema:
- Oral antihistamines : Kuchenesa kunogona kunge kwakanyatsodzorwa nekushandiswa kwema-anti-anti -istamine masikati munguva yezuva kana ne sedating antihistamines, zvakadai seBenadryl (diphenhydramine) usiku. Iyo inopesana kana antihistamine inobatsira pakurapa eczema.
- Nyaya dzinonzi steroid : Mishonga iyi ndiyo yerineni yekurapa yeatopic dermatitis uye inowanikwa mune zvinyorwa, zvisikwa, mafuta, mafuta uye mhinduro (ye scalp). Nyaya dzinotarisa steroid dzinowanikwa mune-over-the-counter uye mishonga yemishonga. Muzhinji, mishonga yemafuta mafuta ane simba kupfuura mafrimu emukanda ane simba kudarika mafomu ekucheka. Zvimwe zvinokonzera, zvakadai sekuonda kweganda, kuputika, uye ropa mudziyo wakagadzirwa kunogona kuitika nekushandisa kwenguva refu ye high-potency topical steroids.
- Zvisiri-steroid creams: Topical calcineurin inhibitors, yakadai saEliel (pimecrolimus) uye Protopic (tacrolimus) , havasi steroid, mishonga yemitambo yakagamuchirwa kurapa eczema kune vanhu vakuru nevana vanopfuura makore maviri. Hazviiti kuti kudonha kana kuchinja kweganda mucheche, kunogona kushandiswa zvakachengeteka pachiso, uye kunogona kubatsira kuderedza huwandu hweshesiyo steroid inodiwa kana yakashandiswa zviratidzo zvishoma. Zvisinei, FDA yakapa mishonga iyi yebhokisi bhenekeri nyevero zvichienderana nekuchengeteka kwezvinetso.
- Systemic (oral or injected) steroids : Kazhinji, mapoka maduku e-systic (oral or injected) steroid anodiwa kuti atarisire kuoma kukuru kwechizema. Kuchenjerera kwakanyanya kunofanira kushandiswa-nepo eczema inowanzova nani pane systemic steroids, "kuputsika kwechiitiko" kunogona kuitika nekuipisisa kweganda nguva pfupi mushure mekunge steroid inomiswa. Kana muromo we steroid uchidikanwa, chirwere chinofanira kuchinjwa zvishoma nezvishoma kuti kuderedze dambudziko iri.
Kunobva:
Leung DYM, Nicklas RA, Li JT, et al. Dendaase Management yeAtopic Dermatitis: An Updated Practice Parameter. Ann Allergy Chirwere Immunol; 93: S1-21.