Mitemo miviri ine Ikusimbiswa Kwekutanga, Asi Yakasiyana Zvikuru
Kudzoka munaJanuary 2017, Imba Mutauriri Paul Ryan akapa mubvunzurudzo umo akataura kuti chirongwa cheRepublican health care proposition chaizova ne "chekwereti yemitero yakadzorerwa" -hutano hwaakati "huchava hwakanaka kudarika rubatsiro [ACA]. "
Utano hwezvehutano hwezvehutano hwakakurumidza kuratidza kuti ACA inoshandisa zvikwereti zvinokonzerwa zvinokosha zvekubhadhara mitero, iyo ndiyo chaiyo iyo nzira yekubhadhara iyo Va Republic Republic vanowanikwa muAmerican Health Care Act (AHCA).
IAHCA yakapfuudza imba musi waMay 4, kunyange zvazvo zvichifungidzirwa kuti Senate ichauya nechinangwa chakasiyana chebhadharo, iyo inofanira kuyananiswa neThe House version .
Iko kunokwidza mitero ndeimwe yezvinhu zveAHCA izvo Senate inogona kuchinja. Asi ngatitarisei shanduro yeAHCA iyo Imba yakapfuura, uye ona kuti mari yekubhadhara mitero ingaenzanisa sei nezvikwereti zvemitero izvo vanhu vatova pasi peAACA.
Chii chinonzi "Refundable Advanceable Tax Credit" inoreva?
Chikwereti chemitero chinodzokodzwa ndechekuti iwe unogona kugamuchira zvizere kunyange kana ichidarika chikwereti chaunokweretesa mumitero (mukuenzanisa, zvikwereti zvisingadzokeri zvemitero zvinogona kushandiswa kukanganisa mutero wako wemutero, asi iwe haungawani chero mari yakawedzerwa chekwereti yemutero kumusoro uye kupfuura izvo iwe waizodaro wakakwereta mutero wemari). Chikwereti chemutero chinodzokodzwa chinogona kukanganisa zvaunokwereta mumitero, uye kana pane mari yakasara, IRS ichakutumira iwe chikwereti chemari yakasara.
Kana kana iwe wakatotora chikwereti, IRS ichawedzera chikwereti chemutero kubhadhara yako.
Saka, somuenzaniso, ngatitaurire kuti mari yaJane yebhadharo yemutero ine $ 1,500. Ngatitaurirewo kuti akatenga kugoverwa kuburikidza nekutsinhanisa, asi akabhadhara mutengo wakakwana we inshuwarisi yake gore rose, achisarudza kuda mari yekubhadhara (tax credit) pamutero wayo wekudzokera .
Kana zvichizoitika kuti chikamu chake chekwereti chemari chikwereti chiri $ 2,000, IRS inoshandisa $ 1,500 yemutero wechikwereti kumutero wayo wemutero, uye kumutumira imwe $ 500 sekudzorera mari.
Ndizvo zvakaitwa neAACA mvumo yemitero, uyewo maitiro ekubhadhara mutero weAHCA.
Chikwata chekubhadhara mutero ndicho chaunogona kugamuchira kare, usati watora mutero wako wekudzokera. Kana iwe wakanyoresa muurongwa hwehutano hwehutano kuburikidza nekushandura uye chikwereti chemari yepamutengo chiri kubhadharwa iwe mwedzi woga woga, uri kubatsirwa kubva pakuti iyo ACA's premium tax credits inowedzera (anenge 83 muzana yevanhu vakanyoresa Exchange plans muna 2017 vari kuwana pre premium tax credits, kana APTC).
Iyi ndiyo nzira chete iyo kubhadharwa kwemitero kunogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa kuisa mari yakawanda, sezvo vanhu vangave vachiedza kubhadhara mutengo wakakwana wekugoverwa kwavo gore rose uye vakamirira kubvunza zvikwereti zvavo zvemitero gore rinotevera, pamitero yavo yekutora.
Cherechedza kuti zvikwereti zvemitero zvakasiyana nemabhadharo emitero. Kubviswa kunokubvumira kubvisa mari kubva pamari yako inotengesa, nokudaro kuderedza mutengo wose wekutora iwe waunokwereta. Asi chikwereti chemitero chinodzingwa zvakananga kubva kumutero wose waunokwereta.
Mitengo yehushuwarisi yehutano yehutano inogona kuderedzwa mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu , asi kubva pakufunga kwekuita inshuwarano yehutano inodhura, $ 2,000 mutero wechikwereti inonyanya kukosha kudarika $ 2,000 kubhadhara mutero.
Ko HCA Zvikwereti zveMitero zvakasiyana sei neAACA Mitsva yemitero?
Ngatitangei kutarisa kuti maAcA premium mvumo yemitero inoshanda sei:
ACA premium mvumo yemitero inowanikwa kuvanhu vane mari yemhuri pakati pezana nezana uye 400 muzana yehurombo huri (muchengeti wezasi ndeye 139 muzana yehurombo mumatunhu 31-uye DC- uko Medicaid yakawedzerwa ).
Izvo zvinokonzerwa neAACA premium tax credits ndeyekuenzanisa zvikomborero zvevanhu vanowana mari yakafanana, pasinei nokuti vakura sei kana kuti yakawanda sei inshuwarano yehutano inharaunda yavo.
Uye pasi peAACA, nhoroondo yezvokurapa haifaniri kutariswa pakugadzirisa zvikwereti zvevashandi, saka haisisiri kusiyanisa chinhu (yakagara iri, mune dzakawanda nyika , pamberi pegore ra2014).
Nokudaro pasi peAACA, zvikwereti zvemitero yepamusoro inowanzove yakakura kune vanhu vakwegura (avo vanobhadhara mari yepuraimari vasati vasvika), uye kune vanhu vanogara munzvimbo dzine inshurensi inodhura.
Semuenzaniso, mitengo yepamutengo yakazara (kureva,, zvisati zvamboita mari yekodzero inoshandiswa) mu Alaska zvinopfuura katatu zvakakwirira sezvazviri mu Utah. Nokudaro muvhareji wepamusoro wekwereti yekwere mu Alaska inodarika $ 848 / mwedzi, asi muvhareji wepamusoro wekwereti yekwereti muUtah is $ 200 / mwedzi. Izvi ndezvokuti pfungwa yose yeAACA rubatsiro ndeyekuenzanisa zvikwereti zvemari mushure mekubhadhara munyika yose, kuve nechokwadi kuti vanhu vanowana mari yakafanana vari kubhadhara mari yakafanana mumapurayamisi (Alaska zvakare ine hurombo hwakanyanya, hunobudirira vagari vemo rubatsiro ruduku pane mamwe mairimiro).
Asi iyo ACA mvumo yekubhadhara mitero inoparadzwa zvachose pa400 muzana yehurombo uhu. Nzvimbo yakagadziriswa yakabhadhara yakaita kuti zvikwereti zvishuwarenzi zvisingabhadharwi zvemhuri dzepakati-mapoka mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika. Nyika dzinogona kutarisa izvi pachedu (Minnesota yakaita, pakutanga kwegore rino; Colorado inofunga kuti yakafanana neyekuti asi haina kudarika), asi ACA pachayo haina kukwanisa kugadziriswa mari yega yega mari yekuwana mari inosvika 400 muzana yehurombo (nokuda kweruzivo, kuti cutoff is $ 97,200 yemhuri yevana muna 2017).
Zvino ngatitarisei kuti AHCA zvikwereti zvemutero zvinoshanda sei:
Kana iyo imba yeAHCA yaizogadziriswa, sangano reAACA raizoramba riine nzvimbo muna 2018 ne2019, pamwe nekugadzirisa zvimwe. Asi mari yepamusoro yemari yemari inogona kuwanika kuti ishandiswe nekunze kwekutsinhanisa zvirongwa , kusabatanidzwa nevazukuru, vazukuru , uye zvirongwa zvenguva pfupi (nokuda kwekugadzirisa-shanduro, zvirongwa zvemitero zvinogona kubhadharwa, asi zvisingaitiki; vanhu vaifanira kubhadhara mutengo wakakwana zvichienda mberi nokuda kwekuparidzirwa kwavo-sezvavari kuita ikozvino nokuda kwekugadzirisa-zvirongwa-uye vanogona kutora chikwereti chemitero pamitero yavo yemitero).
Mushure megore ra2019, AHCA inoshandura kurega kubhadhara mari yekodzero yemari yevanhu vane mari yakaenzana, uye panzvimbo inotarisa inopa kupa zvikwereti zvakaenzana zvemitero kune vanyori venguva yakafanana. Iko kushanduka kukuru kune chinangwa. Panzvimbo yegadziriro iyo vanhu vanobhadhara mari iyo inofungidzirwa kuti inotengesa zvichienderana nemari yavo, vanhu vanogona kuwana mvumo imwechete yekukwereta semumwe munhu ari muzera rimwe chete, pasinei nemari, kusvika kumukwereti wemari yekodzero yemutero wechikwereti. Mune mamwe mazwi, "kururamisira" kwebatsiro kunogona kuongororwa nehuwandu hwebhasiro pachayo, panzvimbo yezvaidiwa nemari yemunhu uye mari yekugoverwa munzvimbo imwe neimwe.
Nzvimbo yekuwana mari yeAHCA mvumo yemitero yakakwirira zvakanyanya kupfuura iyo ACA's cap. AHCA zvikwereti zvemitero zvinogona kuwanikwa zvizere kune vasina kuroora vane mari kusvika kune $ 75,000, uye vakaroora vane mari yepamusoro kusvika $ 150 000 (zvingatorwa zvinotanga kupera pamusoro pezvikamu izvi). Kune munhu mumwe chete, $ 75,000 ndeye 621 muzana ye 2017 urombo hwehutano, saka mari yekubhadhara mitero pasi peAHCA yaizoenderera mberi zvikuru kusvika pakati pepakati nepakati-pakati-pakati-kunyanya kufunga nezvekuti zvikwereti hazvingatongoperi zvachose ane makore makumi matanhatu kusvikira muhomwe yakazosvika $ 115,000 kune mumwe chete (kumucheto wepamusoro kwechikamu-kunze kwaizova $ 95,000 kune ane makore 29).
Asi maAHCA mutero wekubhadhara ivo pachavo vaizove, paavhareji, vaduku kupfuura maAACA emitero. Bhuku reKaiser Family Foundation rakatarisa kuti kuwandisa mutero wekwereti kwaizova 36 muzana madiki pasi peAHCA.
Imba yepamusoro yemitero yaizoita saiyo muna 2020, uye yaizokanganwa nehuwandu hwemari mumakore anotevera:
- $ 2,000 pamunhu mumwe nomumwe kusvika kune makore makumi maviri nemaviri
- $ 2 500 pamunhu mumwe oga 30-39
- $ 3,000 pamunhu mumwe oga 40-49
- $ 3,500 pamakore ega ega 50-59
- $ 4,000 pamunhu mumwe chete 60+
- Mhuri dzichakodzero yekuda mari yekuwedzera kune avo vashanu vedzimba dzekare, vane chikwata che $ 14,000 pagore.
Izvi zvikwereti zvemitero zvinoramba zvichiripo kunze kwekutsinhanisa muna 2020 nekupfuura, nekuda kwezvirongwa zvisingasvikikuru, zvakaberekwa, kana nguva pfupi (kunze kwekuti pane kumwe kuwedzerwa, zvirongwa zvegorosi zvichave zvapera pakupera kwa2018).
Ndiani Anobata, uye Ndiani Anorasikirwa?
Zviri pachena kuti AHCA inobatsira kune vanhu vane mari inopfuura 400 muzana yehurombo, asi pasi peAHCA yemutero wemari yechikwereti. Vanhu ivavo havawani chero rubatsiro pane zvose pasi pe ACA, uye vanozotanga kuwana imwechete ye 2020 kana iyo House version yeAHCA yaizogadziriswa.
Asi kune zvakanyanya kunetseka pamusoro pekukwanisa kwekugoverwa pasi peAHCA kune vanhu vane mari shoma, vanhu vakwegura (avo majemamiro avo ose angave akakwirira pasi peAHCA's age-banded premium ratio), uye vanhu vanogara munzvimbo dzine inshuwarisi yehutano inodhura.
Kune avo vanogara, iyo ACA mutero inoratidzirwa inonyatsoyerera matambudziko. Izvo zvakakura kune vanhu vangave vasiri kubhadhara premium yakakwirira, iyo inosanganisira vanhu vari munzvimbo dzakakwirira uye vanhu vakwegura. Uye ivo vanowedzerawo kune vanhu vane mari shoma, vachiita kugoverwa zvisingabhadharwi sepenji yemari yavo.
Izvo zvidziviriro zvingaputika pasi peAHCA. Gwaro reBBC rinotaura nezveAHCA (rakabudiswa musi waMay 24, inenge mavhiki matatu mushure mekunge Vheti yavhota pamutemo) inoratidza kuti kune makore 64 anowana $ 26,500 / gore, mitero yegore yegore inowedzera kubva pa $ 1,700 pasi pe ACA, kusvika pa $ 16,100 pasi peAHCA. Icho chiri mumamiriro ekuti haafaniri kusarudza kurega ACA kudzivirirwa kwevatengi; mumitemo iyo inodaro, mari yekambani yaizove yakaderera- $ 13,600-asi zvikomborero zvingaderedzwa uye kusvika kune inshuwarheni kwaizove kwakakwana kune vanhu vane mamiriro ezvinhu akambovapo uye mari iripo.
Nenzira yakawanda, vanokunda pasi peAHCA vangave vaduku vane huwandu hwepamusoro-kudarika-mibare inowanikwa, kunyanya kana vachigara munzvimbo umo inshuwarano yehutano yakatove yakakwana.
Vakarasika vaizova vanhu vakwegura, vanhu vane mari shoma, uye vanhu munzvimbo umo inshuwarano yehutano inodhura zvikuru.
> Sources:
> Centre for Medicare neMedicaid Services, Kuwedzerwa Kuchinja kune Zvisingakwanisi Kutarisira Mutemo-Mazano Anogamuchirika , February 2017.
> CMS.gov, 2017 Market Market Open Open Period Public Use Files
> Jost T. Kubvunzurudza Dzimba Republican Republic ACA Kudzorera uye Kuchinja Mutemo. March 7, 2017.
> Kaiser Family Foundation, Premiums uye Imitero Credits Pasi pe Affordable Care Act neAmerican Health Care Act: Interactive Map. April 27, 2017.
> Kaiser Family Foundation, Summary of the American Health Care Act, May 2017.