Ndeipi Nhau Pamusoro peKuratidza Kukurumidza Kuita KweVidism?
Soma Mukhopadhyay ndiamai veIndia vakagadzira nzira yakabudirira yekudzidzisa nekukurukura nemwanakomana wake autistic, Tito. Anodana iyi nzira yekukurumidza kukurudzira nzira, kana RPM. Tito, iye zvino munhu mukuru, achiri kunyanya autistic , asi akawedzerawo matarenda semunyori, munyori uye mudzidzisi. Iyi nzira inoshanda sei? Zvakakodzera here kuedza?
Kuti RPM Yakagadzirwa sei
Muna 2003, Soma Mukhopadhyay nemwanakomana wake Tito vakaonekwa paCSS 60 Maminitsi II achiongorora nzira yake yakasiyana yeairistic therapy. Muna 2008, CNN yakaita chirongwa chakafanana. Iyo yainzi Inokurumidza Kukurudzira Gwara, yakabatanidza nguva dzose, kumhanya-mhanya mibvunzo, kufambisa, nekubatanidza, kusanganiswa nekushandiswa kwe-tech-alphafabheti bhendi yekutaura kwepelpel. Maererano nehuwandu (uye kuverengera) iyi nzira yakabvumira Tito, kwenguva yekutanga, kuti ataure zvechokwadi pfungwa dzake nemaonero. Nyanzvi dzinofungidzira nezvekubudirira kwaKara dzinoratidza kuti zvichida kufamba kwekuverengera kwa Soma kunopesana ne autistic kuzvidzora uye kunomanikidza kutarisa pasi guru.
Izvi zvinoratidza, uye imwe paPBS, akatsanangura kuti Portia Iversen akadzidza sei basa ra Soma uye akamubata achitarisira kuti Soma aigona kubatsira Iversen's autistic mwanakomana, Dov. Iversen ndiye mudzimai wechibereko Jonathan Shestack; pamwe chete, vaviri vacho vakatanga nheyo yekutsvakurudza inonzi Cure Autism Now (ikozvino chikamu cheAustism Speaks).
Iversen gare gare akabuda nebhuku rainzi Strange Son , rinotsanangura maitiro aKara uye rinotaura kuti RPM uye "kuratidza" (kune spelling board) yakabvumira Dov kutanga kutaurirana kwekutanga panguva yakaoma, zvinyorwa zvepfungwa.
Kubvira pakubudiswa kweStange Son , Soma naPortia vakatsaura nzira, asi RPM yakakura mukududzirwa semusana weSangano sangano (Kubatsira Autism Through Learning uye Outreach, kana HALO) uye website yePortia.
Zvitsva zvakaitwa kuti zvibudirire zve RPM mukubetsera Autistic People kuti vataure
Soma anotaura kuti basa rake nevatengi varo muAustin, Texas, hofisi inovabvumira kuzvidzora, vanozvisarudzira pane zvavanokwanisa, uye kunyange kukurukurirana pavanokurudzirwa kuita saizvozvo vachishandura mabhizinesi ebhodi. Soma ikozvino inopa zvirongwa zvevabereki uye kudzidzisa.
Iyo nzira, maererano newebsite yeHalo:
... anoshandisa paradigm ye "Dzidzisa-Kumbira" yekukurudzira mhinduro kuburikidza nemashoko anonyatsotaurika, anoongorora, anoona uye / kana tactile anokurudzira. RPM inodzvinyirira ruzivo yekuwedzera vadzidzi 'kufarira, kuvimba uye kuzvikudza. Kukurudzira makwikwi nemafambiro emudzidzi wega, uye yakagadzirirwa kubatsira vadzidzi kutanga mhinduro. Mhinduro dzevadzidzi dzinobva pakutsvaga mhinduro, kuratidza, kunyora nekunyora kunoonesa kunzwisisa kwevadzidzi, mano edzidzo uye pakupedzisira, unyanzvi hwokukurukurirana. RPM inzira inotsika-tech mune izvo zvinoda murayiridzi, mudzidzi, pepa uye penzura. Asi sayenzi shure kwekuti sei uye nei inoshanda kune vamwe vanhu yakaoma zvikuru.
Is RPM Inobudirira Zvechokwadi Here?
Pane zvishoma zvitsvakurudzo zvinoratidza kuti RPM inyanzvi chaiyo yekudzidzisa vanhu pa autism spectrum.
Kune, zvisinei, yakawanda nyaya dzekubudirira, dzakawanda dzayo dzinowanikwa panzvimbo yeHalo website.
Kune rumwe rutivi, nyanzvi dzakawanda dzakacherechedza kuti RPM inofungidzirwa zvakafanana neChirongwa cheKutaurirana , iyo ikozvino-debunked nzira iyo vanhu vane urothi hwakaoma yakaratidzwa "kutaurirana" kuburikidza nebhodibhodhi. Yakazoonekwa gare gare kuti mamwe emamwe akacherechedza "kukurukurirana kwakagadziriswa" ndiyo chaiye nyaya ye "chiremba" achitungamirira mavoko evanhu.
Mumwe mushure akadzidza, akaitwa muna 2012, akacherechedza mafambiro akabatanidzwa ne RPM. Kunyange zvazvo chidzidzo ichocho chichiratidza kuti mafambiro angave akaenzana nekudzidza nekukurukurirana, vatsvakurudzi vanoverengeka vakanyatsogadzirisa vanoona zvikanganiso muzvidzidzo pachavo.
Mukuwedzera, vatsvakurudzi vanobatanidzawo mavhareti mumapepa avo:
Tinotsanangura, kwekanguva, mubvunzo unokosha wekuti kutaura kunobudiswa munguva yeRPM therapy ndeyechokwadi. Chinangwa chedu munyaya ino yekutanga, kuongorora-nyaya-ndeyekuongororwa kwezviito zvehutano zvinogona kunge zvichienderana nehutano hwe RPM's uye nzira: pane here kunzwisiswa kwemashoko ePMM anecdotal? Kana zviyero izvi zvichienderana nemaitiro anonzi, mubvunzo wekuti, kune ani, uye mumamiriro ezvinhu akadini RPM inobereka hurumende yekukurukurirana ingava nyaya yakakodzera yenguva yemberi, yakasiyana, huru yekudzidza.
Muna 2014, Wisconsin Dhipatimendi reZvipatara Zvemishonga Autism nedzimwe Hupenyu Hwekukudzivirira , kwechipiri, yakataura kuti pakanga pasina kuongororwa kwakaitwa kutsigira kurapa. Mapepa maviri chete ainge abudiswa pamusoro pePMM, uye: "Hakuna mapepa aya ainyatsotsvakurudza zvidzidzo kuongorora kubudirira kwekukurumidza kukurudzira."
Unofanira Kuedza RPM?
RPM nekutaurirana hazviiti nengozi dzemuviri. Kune rumwe rutivi, havasi kutsigirwa nekutsvakurudza kwakakodzera. Mukuwedzera, zvinoratidzika zviri nyore kuti zvive nemigumisiro yakaisvonaka isingatauri pahutano hwepamutemo asi pane zvinotarisirwa nevarapi nevabereki.
Nemhaka yekushaya kwekutsvakurudza, vabereki vanoenda kuAustin kuRa Soma mabasa vanoita izvi pamusoro pehupupuriro hwehutano uye tariro - uye nemari yakawanda. Izvozvi, zvisinei, zvinotanga kutanga RPM uye "kuratidza" iwe pachako, nekushanda kubva kumabhuku, mavhidhiyo nemirayiridzo inowanikwa paIndaneti yeHALO.
Shoko kubva
Nzira chete yekuziva kana chirwere ichi chiri kushanda ndotanga nekutanga kwekutanga, kuisa zvinangwa, uye kunyatsoona maitiro nemigumisiro. Pasinei nokuti uri kuedza RPM kana imwe sarudzo, iva nechokwadi chokuti unoshanda nemushandi wemwana wako ku:
- Ongorora zvinodiwa nemwana wako zvinoenderana nekurapa. Somuenzaniso, kana kurapwa kunofanirwa kubatsira mwana wako kuti ataure, chii chaanogona kutaura nadzo iye zvino? Anogona kushandisa mazwi anotaurwa here? Zvingani? Zvakakodzera sei? Anogona kunyora here? Anoshandisa kuverenga kutaurirana uye, kana zvakadaro, zvakanaka sei? Zvakanaka, iwe unoda kukwanisa kuenzanisa kufambira mberi kwomwana wako kuhuwandu hwembare (x kunze kwekuedza, X% yenguva, x nhamba yemashoko, nezvimwewo).
- Ita zvinangwa zvakajeka nemudzidzisi. Ndezvipi chaizvo zvaanenge achida kuita nevana vako, uye anonzwa kuti chii chinangwa chinonzwisisika munguva yakatarwa? Semuenzaniso: shandisa mazwi matatu mutsva zvakakodzera mumavhiki matanhatu, kana kushandisa kapu zvakarurama mumatare mashanu kubva kumatanhatu.
- Enzanisa migumisiro chaiyo yezvibvumirano uye zvinangwa. Zviri nyore kuti chiremba akuudze iwe "tarisa, Johnny iye zvino ari kunyanya kubatanidzwa uye kutaura!" Asi iye chaizvoizvo here? Kana kuti akanga achingoita semwedzi wakapfuura here? Kuti uzive, iwe uye / kana mushandi wako achada kuongorora maitiro aJohnny kaviri uye zvino kuenzanisa migumisiro kune yako yekuongorora kuongorora uye kune zvinangwa zvawakagadza.
> Resources:
> Chen, GM, Yoder, KJ, Ganzel, BL, Goodwin, MS, & Belmonte, MK (2012). Kuita zvekudzokorora mafambiro ekuisa pfungwa uye kudzidzira murapi inoverengeka ye autism: kuongorora kutsvaga. Mitsva mu Psychology , 3 , 12. http://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00012
> Elliot, James. Iyo hondo pamusoro penzira inokakavadzana yekutengesa autism. The Atlantic. July 20, 2016.
> Lang, Russell. Kunyanya kuongorora kutsvaga nzira yekukurumidza kukurudzira kune nzira dzakakomba dzekugadzirisa asi dhiyabhorosi inoratidza kuti zvingangoguma zvaitika ndeyokukurumidza kuvimba. Uchapupu-Kubva Kukurukurirana Kukurukurirana uye Kupindira. Vol. 8, Nyaya 1, 2014.
> Kubatsira Autism kuburikidza nekudzidza uye kuwedzera (HALO) Website