Kukura Nyuchidimbu muRabha
Zvirwere zvinotapukira zvinowanzoonekwa zvichitevera tsika dzezvikamu zviduku kune imwe nzvimbo yehutachiona. Unoshamisika kuti vanachiremba vanoziva sei chirwere chako? Kazhinji hazvisi nyore kuti uzvione. Iro labhi vashandi mubazi re microbiology rinowanzodikanwa kukura kunze kwechigadzirwa kubva muenzaniso, taura kubva muropa rako kana sputum. Ichi chiyeuchidzo chinogona kuedzwa nekuedza kuchikurira pamitauro yakasiyana-siyana kuti uone kuti inokura zvakanakisisa.
Kufanana nemiti, michina ine dhu rayo inodavirwa uye mamirirowo zvakare. Havazokwanisi kukura kwavasingagoni kukura.
Saka, chii chaicho chimiro, asi, uye chinobatsira sei pakuongorora chirwere?
Icho Chimiro Chiri
Chimiro inzira yekukura micheche mu-laboratory. Mabhakitiriya akawanda, fungus, marasisita, uye mavairusi anogona kukura mubazi kana zviitiko zvakakodzera zvinoshandiswa. Izvo zvakajeka maitiro ekutakura tsika inogona kushandiswa kuzivisa mahwendefa chaiwo. Kushandiswa kwe "selective agent" kunogona kushandiswa kutsvaga zvikamu zve microbe. Semuenzaniso, kukura kwaStaph aureus mune tsika ine methicillin (iyo sarudzo) inenge ichiratidza methicillin-resistant Staph aureus ( MRSA ).
Idzi tsika dzinowanzove dziri pamahwendefa kana mabhute ane zvokudya zvakasiyana-siyana zvinobvumira imwe pathogen kana boka rezvirwere kuti zvikure. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti labori inoshanda kuti ione kuti zvipembenene zviri kukura.
Vashandi vebazi vanogona kuwedzera kukura ma microbe pamatafura akasiyana-siyana ematunhu (kana kuti tubes) kuti aone kuti chidimbu chipi. Izvi zvinogona kufanana neSherlock Holmes chipikisa chepikisi.
Zvimwe zvezvirwere zvinogona kuongororwa
Tsika dzinozivikanwa dzinowanzoshandiswa kuzivisa zvipembenene zvinotapukira zvichibva kumasero ( urinary tract infections ), chigaro (zvirwere zvekurara uye zvirwere zvinotakura zvokudya), marital tract ( STDs ), throat ( strep throat ), uye ganda ( zvirwere zveganda ).
Samples yakadzika kubva kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri, dzakadai sopa uye musana wemusana, zvinogonawo kukudziridzwa; idzi zvirwere zvehutachiona zvinowanzove zvakanyanya kuipa uye zvinoda kugara muchipatara.
Mhando Yemarudzi Akashandiswa Microbes?
Pane mitatu mikuru yemitambo:
- Solid tsika. Bhakitiriya uye fungi zvinogona kukura paimba yakasimba yakagadzirwa nekusanganiswa kwezvibereko, salir, uye agar (gelling agent iri kure negungwa). Izvi zvinowanzowanikwa pahwendefa yakakura yesundu yako. Zvakawanda zviduku zviduku zvine gel tsvuku, dzimwe gelisi dzakatsvuka kana mamwe mavara. Imwe michakanyi imwe isina kuiswa panzvimbo yakasimba inogona kukura kuva makoroni kana mapoka ega ega ane zviuru zvemasero. Makoroni akaumbwa nemakoroni, umo masero ose akafanana kune umwe neumwe. Ichi chiitiko ndicho chinoita kuti tsika dzakasimba dzive dzakakosha pakuzivikanwa kwehutachiona. Mhando dzakasiyana dzemakoloni kubva kumarudzi akasiyana-siyana achave nemafungiro akasiyana-siyana uye maitiro (semuenzaniso, ruvara, hukuru, maitiro uye kukura kwechikwata), iyo inobatsira maharabiologist kuti aone chipukanana.
- Liquid tsika. Chimiro chemvura chinokura mu "media" kana "muto" wemakemikari. Kukura kwemakiromita kunotaridzirwa kuti muto unosvika sei. Chichero chinosukwa chinowanzoreva chimiro chikuru chemakiromita. Zvigadzirwa zvemvura zvinowanzova nezvinyorwa zvemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, saka dzinowanzove dzisingabatsiri pane tsika dzakasimba kuti dziongorwe mabhakitiriya uye fungi uye mycobacteria. Zvitubu zvemidziyo, kunyange zvakadaro, zvinobatsira zvikuru kuongororwa kwezvipembenene, izvo zvisingagadziri zvikamu zvekare mumitemo yakasimba.
- Cell tsika. Zvimwe zvipukanana, zvakadai seClamydia kana Rickettsia, uye mavairusi haagoni kukura mumitambo yakasimba kana yemvura asi inogona kukura mumasero evanhu kana emhuka. Nzvimbo dzemasero evanhu kana zvemhuka anoshandiswa ne "kubata" sero tsika nemakemikari uye kucherechedza maitiro mumasero. Somuenzaniso, zvirwere zvakawanda zvinokanganisa kana "cytopathic" zvinokonzerwa nemasero anokwanisa kuonekwa nemakemikariki. Sezvo sero tsika tsika dzinowanzova dzakanyanyokosha uye dzinoda mamwe mabasa uye nguva yakareba yekuongororwa, kunyange zvakadaro, sero tsika inowanzoshandiswa zvakare kune dzimwe nzira dzokuongorora. Inogona kunyanya kuoma kukura ma microbes.
Zvishandiso Zvinoshandiswa Mumitambo
Zvichienderana nedzimwe rudzi rwetsika, zvigadzirwa zvichasiyana. Kune zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshandiswa, sezvo izvi zvinogona kushandiswa kutarisa kuti michina inokwanisa uye inogona kusakwanisa kukura, saka kujekesa kuti microbe iri chii. Iyo kazhinji haititauri zvakawanda pamusoro pemhuka iyo pachayo, asi pane iyo inotibatsira kuderedza zita rezvisikwa. Chirwere chimwe nechimwe chine ruzivo rwekunakisisa mumitambo gel uye zvigadzirwa. Muzhinji, tsika dzakawanda dzinoda kusanganiswa kwezvinotevera:
- Amino-nitrogen source (digested proteins)
- Kukura kwezvinhu (ropa, serumisi kana kuti mbiriso)
- Simba rinobva (shuga, makhahydrates)
- Mazamu okuputika pH (phosphate, citrate)
- Minerals (calcium, magnesium kana iron)
- Selective agents (antibiotics kana makemikari)
- Zviratidzo kana dhayi (pakusarudza mazinga easiti)
- Gelling vashandi vekutsika kwakasimba (agar)
Kunobva:
Zvimwe CA, Playfair, JH, Roitt IM, Wakelin D, naWilliams, R. Medical Microbiology. London: Mosby-Year Year Book