Chokwadi Nezve Viral Hepatitis Transmission
Kune marudzi akawanda ehepatitis kusanganisira viral hepatitis , autoimmune hepatitis, mafuta echiropa hepatitis, doro hepatitis, uye inxin-induced hepatitis, iyo inorevawo kuti kune nzira dzakawanda dzomunhu anogona kubvumirana kana kukura hepatitis. Chimiro chega che hepatitis chinogona kupararira kubva kune mumwe munhu kune mumwe kune hutachiona hwehupatachi, asi kuti mavharesi aya anotapurirwa sei kazhinji asinganzwisisiki.
Marudzi eViral Hepatitis
Kune mishanu mapoka makuru ehutachiona hwehutachiona hunonzi hepatitis A (HAV), hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), hepatitis D (HDV), uye hepatitis E (HEV). Izvozvo zvakati, pane zviitiko zvehutachiona hwekushaya hepatitis izvo zvisingagoni kuonekwa kune imwe yezvipi zvishanu zvehutachiona hwehupatachi, doro, zvinodhaka, kana chirwere chemoto, izvo zvinotungamirira vatsvakurudzi kuedza kutsvaga chimwe chikonzero.
Kunyange zvazvo etiology yemavhairusi aya isati yanyatsogadziriswa, vatsvakurudzi vakaona mamwe marudzi matatu ehutachiona hwehutachipatachi (uye mavhesi avo anowirirana), ayo aakatumidza zita rokuti hepatitis F (HFV), hepatitis G (HFG), uye kuwedzerwa ropa reropa. TTV). Sezvirwere zvitsva uye zviwanikwa zvehutachiona, ruzivo pamusoro pavo uye kuti dzinoshanda sei zvishoma. Tinoziva, zvisinei, kuti matambudziko eTTV ave achingobatanidzwa nehupatitis kune vanhu vakave nekuwedzerwa ropa .
Nzira dzekupinda: Kutengesa kweHepatitis A uye Hepatitis E
Hepatitis A uye hepatitis E mavirusi (HAV ne HEV) zvose zvinoparadzirwa ne enteric, iyo inokonzera kudya kana inofanana, nzira. Izvi zvinozivikanwawo sefecal-oral nzira. Kuti uonekwe nemavhairusi aya, unofanira kuisa nyaya yefecal inotapukirwa nehutachiona.
Kunyange zvazvo kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana umo nzira iyi yepecal-oral inogona kusimbiswa, kusachena kwehutsanana uye hurombo hwehutano hwehumwe mune dzimwe nyika hunoita kuhuwandu hwehutachiona hwezvirwere izvi.
Somugumisiro, dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika, seIndia, Bangladesh, neCentral neSouth America, dzinonyanya kutarisana nehutachiona hwe hepatitis E. Anenge chikamu chimwe chete muzvitatu zvevanhu muUnited States vave vachirwara nehutachiona hweHepatitis A.
Zvinotendwa kuti utachiona hweH hepatitis F (HFV) hunogonawo kupararira nemitemo ye entec.
Parenteral Routes: Kutengesa kweHepatitis B, Hepatitis D, uye Hepatitis C
Hepatitis B, C, uye D mavirusi (HBV, HCV, uye HDV) zvose zvinoparadzirwa nezvinozivikanwa separenteral nzira. Parenteral zvinongoreva kuti mavairasi aya anogona kuiswa nemigwagwa yose kunze kwemukati wemukati, iyo inosiya mukova wakazaruka zvakasununguka maererano nekugona kuonekwa. Ngatitarisei nzira dzinogona kuendeswa kune imwe neimwe yemhando idzi dzehepatitis HIV pedyo.
HBV Inopararira sei
Zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hweH hepatitis B kupararira kuburikidza nemvura yemumuviri wemunhu ane utachiona, kureva kuti hutachiona hunogona kuparadzirwa kuburikidza neropa, swet, misodzi, saliva, semen, saliva, kuvhara kwevakadzi, kumwedzi, uye mukaka wemukaka wemunhu ane utachiona.
Izvozvo zvakati, kuva nechipatara B hazvireve kuti iwe unotapukira; vamwe vanhu vane HBV ndivo vanoparadzira.
Mikana yekutsvaga inogona kusanganisira kugovana siriniti kana kutora mifananidzo kana kuputika muviri nemashonga ane utachiona. Asi zvinoreva zvakare kuti zvinokwanisika kubudiswa pachena panguva yekuberekwa uye zvepabonde uye zvepabonde. Muzvokwadi, inenge zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu zvematambudziko anonzi hepatitis B muUnited States anokonzerwa nekusangana pabonde.
Kunyange zvazvo HBV inogona kupararira kuburikidza neropa, kazhinji kazhinji haisi pangozi yekugadzirisa hutachiwana kuburikidza nekuwedzerwa ropa sezvo nyika dzakawanda dzakatanga kutarisa kwazviri muna 1975.
HCV Inopararira sei
Utachiona hweH hepatitis C hunoparadzirwa zvikurukuru kuburikidza neropa kusvika kune ropa, zvinoreva kuti munhu anogona kutapukirwa nehutachiona rinofanira kuve neropa remunhu anotakura chirwere ichi kuiswa mune rimwe ropa remunhu.
Nokudaro, saHepatitis B, kuwedzerwa ropa (pamberi pe1990 munyaya iyi), kuvepa mavara nekunyora muviri, kushandiswa kwebasa, kushandiswa kwezvokurapa, uye kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka zvekushandisa zvinodhaka zvinogona kuita kuti zvive nyore kuwanikwa nehutachiona. Kusiyana nehepatitis B, zvisinei, kubata zvepabonde nokubereka mwana zvose zvakaratidzwa kuva nzira isina kukwana yekutsvaga HCV.
Hutachiona hweH hepatitis G inofungidzirwa kuti inoparidzirwa nenzira yakafanana neHCV.
Kudengenyeka kweHVV
Utachiona hweH hepatitis D hunoparidzirwa nenzira imwechete yehepatitis B. Hepatitis D, zvisinei, inogona kungovapo chete nehutachiona hweH hepatitis B. HDV inogona kubatwa pamwe chete panguva imwecheteyo neHBV (iyo inozivikanwa sehutachiona hwehutachiwana). Urwu hutachiona hunozivikanwa kuchenesa muviri zvakanaka (90% kusvika 95%). Vamwe vanowana utachiona hwaHepatitis D pachavo apo ivo vatotapukirwa neHBV (iyo inozivikanwa seinopinfection). Muzviitiko izvi, 70% kusvika ku95% inotanga kuve yakanyanya kuipa kwenguva refu yehepatitis D.
Sources:
Palmer, Melissa. Hepatitis Chiropa Chirwere. Zvaunoda kuziva. New York: Avery Publishing Group, 2000.
CDC Center for Disease Control
WHO World Health Organization