Fluoroquinolones inonzi anti-spectrum antibiotics
Kana uri kuverenga nyaya ino, ungangodaro wakarayirwa ciprofloxacin (Cipro), levofloxacin (Levaquin) kana imwe mhando ye fluoroquinolone yokurapa utachiona hwebhakitiriya (funga kupemha kana urinary tract infection). Pasi rose, mishonga iyi yakachengeteka uye inobudirira kurwisana nemaitiro akawanda e gram-positive uye gram-negative mabhakitiriya majekiseni anovaita chisarudzo chakanaka chekugadzirisa zvirongwa zvemuviri kana muviri.
Pakati pezvinhu zvose fluoroquinolones-kusanganisira mishonga yakadai se ciprofloxacin uye levofloxacin-ndeye 2 nhengo dzitanhatu dzemakona zvakabatanidzwa neatorium atomi. Iyi mishonga inoshanda nekutsvaga 2 ma-enterme ebhakteria ane basa rekucherechedza, kubata, uye kuvhara DNA panguva yekudzoka: DNA gyrase uye topoisomerase IV. Nemhaka yokuti ikozvino fluoroquinolones inosunga ma 2 enzymes akasiyana, zvakaoma kuti mabhakitiriya achinje uye kudzivisa zviito zvemishonga iyi.
Heino urongwa hwebhakitiriya ayo fluoroquinolones ari kushanda achipikisa:
- Staphylococci
- Streptococcus pneumoniae (levofloxacin uye moxifloxacin inonyanya kushanda)
- Staphylococci viridans
- Bacillus anthracis (ciprofloxacin inogamuchirwa kuti igadzire anthrax)
- Chlamydia (levofloxacin uye moxifloxacin inonyanya kushanda)
- Enterococcus faecalis
- Listeria monocytogenes
- Nocardia species
- Neisseria meningitides uye gonorrhoeae
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Enterobacteriaceae species
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ciprofloxacin inonyanya kushanda)
- Vibrio species.
Kunyanya zvakanyanya, fluoroquinolones inoshanda pakurwisa aerobes uye vanaerobes inobatsira. Anaerobes, zvisinei, kazhinji, haagoni nemishonga iyi.
Heino urongwa hwehutachiona hunokonzera kuti fluoroquinolones kufanana ne ciprofloxacin uye levofloxacin inobata:
- Pneumonia
- Bronchitis
- Anthrax
- Bacterial gastroenteritis (stomach flu)
- Urinary tract infections
- Urethral zvirwere
- Septicemia
- Chipembenene chirwere chinoputira
- Joint uye mapfupa zvirwere
- Sinusitis
- Joint uye mapfupa zvirwere
- Intra-mimba infections
Pamusoro pehuwandu hwebhakitiriya inoshandiswa, fluoroquinolones inofambisawo zvimwe zvinhu zvinoita kuti vave nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Kutanga, inotorwa nemuromo (uye kwete nejovo). Chechipiri, vanoparadzira zvakanaka mumativi ose emitumbi yakasiyana-siyana. Chechitatu, fluoroquinolones ane nguva yakareba yehupenyu iyo inovabvumira kuti vaiswe kamwe kana kaviri pazuva. Chechina, ciprofloxacin uye levofloxacin zvakanyanyiswa neinso dzinoita kuti dzive dzakasimba pakurwisa zvirwere zvekuvhota.
Kune chikamu chikuru, fluoroquinolones inonyatsochengetedzwa mishonga. Zvisinei, zvinogona kukonzera zvimwe zvipingamupinyi zvinosanganisira:
- Kushungurudzika kwepamuviri (kusagadzikana kwemimba)
- Allergic reactions (ganda rashi)
- Headaches
- Kugumburwa
- Hallucinations
- QT prolongation (kushungurudza magetsi kwemwoyo kunooneka paEECG)
- Tendon rupture
- Angioedemia (kukuvara kweganda)
- Photosensitivity
Mukuwedzera kune zvakashata zvinowedzera pamusoro, zvinowanzoshoma, fluoroquinolones inogona kukonzera kukuvadzwa kwechiropa uye kuwedzerwa mavhinga eropa. Pakutanga fluoroquinolones dzaizivikanwa nekukonzera kuora kwechiropa (funga gatifloxacin uye trovafloxacin) uye dzakabva dzatorwa kubva pamusika.
Mazuva ano, mukana wekuti chero fluoroquinolone inokonzera kukuvadzwa kwechiropa ndeye 1 kubva ku100 000 vanhu vanobudiswa pachena. Nemhaka yokuti levofloxacin uye ciprofloxacin ndiyo inonyanya kutaurwa inonzi fluoroquinolone antibiotics, ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera kukanganiswa kwechiropa chinonzi idiosyncratic. Kukuvara kwechiropa kwakadaro kunowanzoitika masvondo 1 kusvika ku4 mushure me fluoroquinolone administration.
Kunyange zvazvo kurwisana ne fluoroquinolones kusanyanya kudarika kupikisa kune dzimwe mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, inoramba ichiitika zvikuru pakati pe staphylococci (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, uye Serratia marcescens. Uye kamwe kana bhakitiriya isingagoni kurwisa rimwe fluoroquinolone saka rinopesana navo vose.
Kana iwe kana munhu waunoda akarayirwa fluoroquinolone-kana chero mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya panyaya iyi-zvakakosha kuti iwe upedze nzira yako yekurapa. Nokusiya kurapwa pakati nepakati-mushure mekunge iwe "uchinzwa" zviri nani-iwe unobatsira pakusarudzwa, kupona, uye kupararira kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inogadzikana iyo inobva yava hutano hwakanyanya hwehutano hwevanhu. Yeuka kuti isu nguva dzose tiri kurwisana nehondo kurwisana nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, uye tinorasikirwa nehondo kamwe kushorwa kunobuda.
Sources:
Deck DH, Winston LG. Sulfonamides, Trimethoprim, & Quinolones. Mu: Katzung BG, Trevor AJ. eds. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 13e . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2015. Yakagadzirirwa musi waMarch 29, 2015.
Guglielmo B. Anti-Infective Chemotherapeutic & Antibiotic Agents. Mu: Papadakis MA, McPhee SJ, Rabow MW. eds. Ikozvino Kurapa Kurapa Nekurapa 2015 . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2014. Yakasvika musi waMarch 29, 2015.
RYAN KJ, RAY C. Agent Antibacterial, uye Resistance. Muna: RYAN KJ, RAY C. eds. Sherris Medical Microbiology, Sixth Edition . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2014. Yakasvika musi waMarch 29, 2015