Mitemo yakadai se 'High Functioning Autism' Inogona Kuve Yakanganisa
Hapana hutano hunozivikanwa hunonzi "high-functioning autism" (HFA), uye hapana kubvumirana pane tsanangudzo ye "kushanda kwakanaka." Saka chii chinoreva izwi? Nenzira yakawanda kwazvo, " kushandiswa kwekusimudzira autism " kunogona kureva chimwe cheizvi:
- "munhu ane zviratidzo zvinyoro zvishoma izvo, pasinei nekunyoroka kwavo, zvakakosha zvakakwana kuti zvifananidze autism spectrum diagnosis" kana ...
- "munhu ane autism uyo IQ akakwirira kudarika 70" kana ...
- "munhu ane autism anobudirira kuburikidza nechikoro chechikoro kana chiitiko chebasa" kana ...
- "munhu anogona kukwanisa kuvhara zviratidzo zve autism kubudirira kuitira kuti ivo vave nezviitiko zvinotarisirwa uye vanogona kudarika neurotypical" kana ...
- "munhu uyo, pane imwe nguva, aiva neAperger Syndrome kuongororwa."
Sezvaunogona kuona, HFA yomumwe munhu i ... HFA munhu mumwe chete. Wedzera kune iyi chokwadi chokuti vanhu vazhinji vane autism vanogona kunge vakajeka, vakazadzika, asi vane zviratidzo zvakasimba (zvakadai sokuzvidya mwoyo uye kusagadzikana kwezvinhu zvinokanganisa ) zvinonyanya kukosha basa ravo rezuva nezuva. Chinokosha: HFA chaizvo zvakaoma kutsanangura.
Chikonzero cheKusimudza Kushanda Autism Haisi Izvo SezvaAsperger Syndrome
Kusvikira muna 2013, vanhu vazhinji vangave vatonzi vane hutano hwakakosha hunoonekwa neAsperger syndrome kana PDD-NOS (Pervasive Developmental Disorder Pasina Zvimwe Yakatsanangurwa) .
- Asperger syndrome yaive yakatsanangurwa yakajeka iyo yakatsanangura munhu wepakati pepamusoro kana yepamusoro-kupfuura-inowanikwa huchenjeri nehutano hwemakore akakodzera uyo aivawo nehutano hwemagariro evanhu uye nekutaurirana.
- PDD-NOS yakanga iri kubata-yose kuongororwa. Kazhinji zvinonzwisiswa kuti zvinoreva chinhu chimwechete se "high functioning autistic," iyo yakanyatsobatanidza vanhu pane zvese zvinoshanda zvinoratidza zviratidzo zvisinganyatsopindirani zvakakwana neAustism yekare.
Kubva muna 2013, pamwe nekudhindwa kweDMM-5, kana PDD-NOS kana Asperger syndrome ndiyo inonyanya kuongororwa muUnited States.
Zvimwe zvinonyanya kukosha, vanhu vane Asperger Syndrome (izwi iro rinowanzoshandiswa kushandiswa kufunga kuti kuongororwa kwave kwanyangarika) zvinoratidzika kugovana zvimwe zveunhu husina kugoverwa nevanhu vose vane IQs yakakwirira uye autism. Somuenzaniso, kuzvidya mwoyo kazhinji chiratidzo cheAsperger Syndrome iyo isina kugoverwa nemunhu wese anokwanisa kurondedzerwa seane HFA.
Iko 'Nhamba 1' Autism Yakangofanana ne 'High Functioning Autism?'
Ne DSM-5, panzvimbo yezvipatara zvakasiyana, kune boka rimwe chete revanhu vakawanda vanorwara neAustism Spectrum Disorder. Asi vanhu vane autism vasati vakasiyana chaizvo. Saka, kujekesa kusiyana uku, DSM-5 inosanganisirawo maitiro ehutano. Vanhu vanovhenekera uye vanotaura (uye saizvozvo, izvo zvinyorwa, zvichida, vanoda rubatsiro ruduku) zvinowanzopiwa kuongororwa kweNqanaba 1 Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Asi munhu ane Nhamba 1 Autism Spectrum Disorder anoita sei? Mhinduro yacho yakasiyana-siyana sevanhu vane chirwere ichi. Semuyenzaniso:
- Vanokwanisa kushandisa mutauro wakakodzera, vanyore, vanyore, vanoita masvomhu, varatidze rudo, basa rose rezuva nezuva. Zvisinei, havakwanisi kutarisa maziso, kuchengetedza kukurukurirana, kupinda mumitambo, kana kutora pane zvigaro zvevanhu.
- Vane nhaurwa inokosha uye mutauro kunonoka asi vanogona kutora chikamu purogiramu yekudzidza yakabatanidzwa nekuda kwehutano hwavo hwakakodzera hwekudzidza.
- Vane runyararo rwekutaura uye kunonoka kwekugara kwevanhu asi vane nharo dzakaoma dzinoita kuti zvive zvisingakwanisi kuti vatore chikamu mune purogiramu yakadzidza yevadzidzi.
- Vane urombo hwakanyanya, kudzidzira nekuremara, uye zvinetso-asi vane kutaura kwemazera akakodzera uye unyanzvi hunoshamisa mumimhanzi, masvomhu, uye unyanzvi.
Muchidimbu, kushandiswa kunogona kushandiswa kwesimba nematambudziko kunenge kusingaperi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pfungwa ye "Nhamba 1" autism inofadza zvakare.
Sezviri pachena, vanhu vakagadzira pfungwa ye "Mazinga ekutsigira" vaifunga nenzira yakawanda-kureva kuti, vanhu vane Level 3 autism vanoda rubatsiro rwema 24/7 vane unyanzvi, asi vanhu vane Level 1 autism havaiti.
Ndezvipi Zvakawanda Zvinotsigira 'Kukuru Kushanda' Mumwe Nomumwe Anoda?
Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vashomanana vane "kushanda kwakasimba" autism vanoda rubatsiro rwekuchenesa kana hutsanana hwehutano, vangave vachida chaizvo rubatsiro rwakanaka rwevamwe mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Somuenzaniso, munhu akajeka zvikuru ane nharo dzakasimba, kushungurudzika, nekutsungirira zvingangova nenguva yakaoma kune yebasa kupfuura munhu akachenjera zvisinganyanyi kunetseka uye zvishomanana nyaya dzekunzwisisa.
Zvakare, "kushanda kwakadzika" munhu mumwe nomumwe angashandisa nguva yakawanda yezuva rake mune imwe nzvimbo yakatsigirwa umo mukana wekubatana kwekukuvadza kunenge zero. Zvichakadaro, munhu ane "kushanda kwakasimba" autism angada kuongorora nyika yakaoma uye inokuvadza mamiriro ezvinhu. Ndiani anoda zvimwe kutsigirwa pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aya?
Kwete Easy Answers
Autism ipfungwa-kwete nokuti vanhu vane autism vanovhiringidzika, asi nokuti tsanangudzo dzinogara dzichishandura dzevhisi dzinoreva kuti hatigone kusvika pakupedzisira.
Uye kwete chete tsanangudzo dzinoshanduka, asi ndizvo zvinotarisirwa zvehutano zvinoita kuti kukwirira kushandise autism kwakaoma zvikuru. Mukare, somuenzaniso, chiso-ne-chiso chekukurukurirana chaive chinhu chinoita kuti munhu abudirire; nhasi, vanhu vakawanda vane matambudziko emagariro evanhu vanopfuura kungokwanisa kushamwaridzana nevamwe paIndaneti, vachiita shamwari kuburikidza nehuwandu hwemagariro evanhu, uye kunyange kubata basa riri kure. Mamwe mabhizimusi ari kukwidziridza nekushanda kwevanhu vanoita autistic nekuda kwezvavanokwanisa, asi vamwe havagoni kufungidzira kushandira munhu ane unyanzvi hwehutano hwevanhu.
Kana izvi zvinokusiya iwe uchinzwa kuti tsanangudzo yekushanda kwepamusoro yevhisi yakajeka sedhaka, iwe hausi woga! Kunyanya ikozvino, zvisinei, iwe unonzwisisa kuti nei izwi iri rakaoma kusungirira pasi-uye iwe unoziva uri mukana wakanaka.