Kana uri kutarisa kuyerwa kwemwana wako kana kuedza kumubatsira kuderedza uremu, unganetseka kuti zvii zvaunogona kunze kwezviyero zvemuviri mass index (BMI). Sezvo BMI haina kuverenga mafuta emuviri zvakananga, uye haina kuenzanisa muviri wakaonda-inongoratidzira uremu hwomwana maererano nehurefu hwake-unogona kufunga nezveimwe nzira. Mushure mezvose, zviri kuramba zvichizivikanwa kuti kuwanda kwemuviri mafuta uye kuonda kwemaana ane mwana kunogona kukanganisa mararamiro ake ehutano nehupenyu huri mune ramangwana.
Asi maitiro anowanikwa kune vanhu vakuru haasi nguva dzose kuvana. Hezvino tarisa pane zvingasarudzwa.
Nzira Dzakadzika
Muchidimbu chepakati: Kuti uone kana mwana wako ari kukurira pasi, kunyanya sezvaanokura muhupamhi, zvinogona kubatsira kuburitsa tape yakanyatsoyera. Iwe unogona kuishandisa kuti uone rutivi rwechiuno chemukomana wako (chikamu chiduku zvikuru chekatikati pakati pebvu rakaderera uye kumusoro kwechiuno). Mune chidzidzo chinobatanidza vana 201 kubva pakati pemakore manomwe kusvika ku17, vatsvakurudzi veYunivhesiti yeCincinnati vakawana kuti simba rakanyanya kusimba rekupararira kwemafuta rakanga rakasvibiswa, zvichiita kuti rive nzira yakanakisisa yekuenzanisa kugoverwa kwemafuta emuviri.
Kuvhara kweganda: Kushandisa cheji yevashandi kuti vaone kuwanda kweganda pamakona akasiyana-siyana mumuviri, nzira iyi inogona kuongorora "mafuta" pamwe chete nemafuta ari oga muvana nevakuru.
Kunyange zvazvo nzira iyi inogona kushandiswa kutarisa kuchinja mumwana akapiwa, ruzivo ruzivo rwekufananidza kuenzanisa mwana kune vezera rake richiri kudiwa kusimbiswa. Chimwe chikamu: Haigoni kushandiswa kuongorora huwandu husina mafuta (kana hwakaonda).
Bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA): Nzira iyi inoshandisa magetsi akaiswa pachigadziko uye muchikwama kuti atange magetsi mashoma mumutumbi kuti aone kuti zvinopesana sei nekupfuura kwayo.
Kana mafuta akawanda aripo, zvakaoma kuti ikozvino kuyerera mumuviri. Munguva yapfuura, kururamisa kwezvipimo zveBIA zvave zvisina urombo-zvinogona kukanganiswa nekuchengetwa kwemvura bedzi-asi teknolojia inowedzera.
Nzira Dzakakwirira
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA): Kunyange zvazvo DXA inoongorora, iyo inotsigira ma-X-rays, yakagadziridzwa kuyera masimbi emasitera muvanhu vakuru vari panjodzi yehutachiona, inogonawo kushandiswa kuverenga mafuta omuviri uye kuonda kwevana achiri muduku semakore mana. Izvi zvingave zvinobatsira kuenzanisa kana kurasikirwa kwekurema kunofambidzana nekushandurwa muhute hwakakosha pamwe nemafuta akawanda. Chidzidzo che2013 muna UK chakawana kuti DXA ndiyo nzira yakarurama kwazvo, yakaenzaniswa nedzimwe nzira dzakarondedzerwa pano, pakuongorora mafuta mashoma uye mafuta asina mafuta muvana.
Plethysmography: Nenzira iyi, mwana anogara mukati mehavha yakagadzirwa neaii kwemaminitsi mashanu apo mweya inenge ichivhuvhuta zvishoma nezvishoma kuti ione mafuta uye mafuta asina mafuta. Mune chidzidzo chekuenzanisa nzira dzakasiyana dzekuongorora kuchinja kwehutano hwehuviri hwevana, vatsvakurudzi veNational Institute of Child Health and Human Development kuZimbabwe Institutes of Health vakawana mhepo yakasununguka plethysmography yakaitwa zviri nani mukuyera kuchinja kwemafuta emuviri wevana kupfuura BIA kana kuti kupenya kweganda asi yakanga isina kunaka seDXA.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Imwe nzira inoshandisa magnetic field uye mafungu eredhiyo kuti ibudise mifananidzo yematumbu uye nhengo mumuviri, MRI iri nani kupfuura mamwe maitiro ekuenzanisa maitiro emunharaunda, kunyanya mafuta mudumbu. Izvo zvakanyanya ndezvekuti: Inodhura zvikuru uye haina kukodzera kuvana vaduku vanozorwa neyero protocol (vanofanirwa kuramba vakanyarara apo ivo vari mukati memushonga wakagadzirwa nehutu).
Bheti yako yakanakisisa ndeyokukurukura maitiro akasiyana-siyana nemwana wevana vako. Nenzira iyi, uchakwanisa kuziva kuti ndeupi anonyanya kufunga nezvemamiriro ake ezvinhu uye zvinetso zvako-uye izvo zvinowanikwa mune kliniki yepamusoro pedo newe.
Sources:
Atherton RR, Williams JE, Wells JC, Fewtrell MS. Kushandisa Fat Mass neFat Free Mass Standard Kusiyanisa Zviwanikwa Zvakashandiswa Kushandisa Nyore Zvishoma Nzira Dzakanaka Muvana Nevarwere: Kufananidza Nezvokutaura 4-Component Model. PLoS Rimwe, May 17, 2013; 8 (5): e62139.
Daniels SR, Khoury PR, Morrison JA. Kubatsira Kwezvinhu Zvakasiyana-siyana zveMuviri Fat Kuparidzirwa muvana nevana vaduku. American Journal of Epidemiology, 2000; 152 (12): 1179-1184.
Elberg J, McDuffie JR, Sebring NG, Salaita C, Keil M, Robotham D, Reynolds JC, Yanovski JA. Kuenzanisa Nzira dzekuongorora Kuchinja kweMutumbi wevana Kuumbwa. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, July 2004; 80 (1): 64-9.
Harvard School of Public Health. Kuyera Kuneta .
Wells JCK, Fewtrell MS. Kuyera Muviri Wekugadzira. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 2006; 91: 612-617.