Nzira Yakareba Sei uye Hurongwa Hwezvirwere Inopa Mhinduro
Mune imwe nguva apo nhau dzeZika dzinoputika , chirwere cheEbola , kana chirwere cheHIV hachina kushamisika, dzimwe nguva tinovhiringidzika pamusoro pekukura kwezvirwere izvi kana kuti zvikawanda sei.
Kunyange zvazvo vamwe vanhu vangafunga kuti "kuputika," "chirwere," uye "kuparadzaniswa" kweropa, mamwe anogona kuvashandisa euphemistically ("kudzvinyirira kwakava dambudziko muzvikoro") kana zvisiri izvo.
Kubva pakuona kwechirwere chepachirwere, mazwi aya anonyatsoratidza kuti anotsanangura sei kuwedzera uye kuoma kwezvirwere apo nhamba huru yevanhu inobatanidzwa.
Chii Chinoputika, Chirwere, Uye Kurwara?
Maererano neCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), kuputika ndiko kuitika kwezviitiko zvakawanda zvechirwere kudarika zvaizotarisirwa mune imwe nzvimbo kana boka revanhu pane imwe nguva. Kuparuka kunogona kubva pane zvekudya zvekupisa kusvika kune enterovirus kune nguva yegore.
Izwi iro denda rinoreva zvinoreva chinhu chimwechete asi rinowanzofananidza kuitika kwakanyanya. Kunyange zvazvo kuputika kuchigona kuratidza chimwe chinhu chisingakoshi kana kuti chakamanikidzwa, chirwere chinotapa mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma anogona kupararira. Icho chinhu chinonyengera asi chinokosha.
Kusiyana neizvi, denda ndiro chirwere chakapararira uye kazhinji pasi rose, kazhinji chinokanganisa vanhu vazhinji kwazvo.
Kunyange zvazvo izwi iri rinokurudzira pane chimwe chinhu chakakomba kupfuura chirwere, zvinongowanikwa chete uye kwete nechisimba chechirwere chacho.
Imwe shanduro inoshandiswa pakuongorora epidemiological is cluster . Izvi zvinoreva boka rezviitiko mune imwe nguva uye nzvimbo iyo inogona kana kuti isingave yakakura pane yakasikwa.
Kuongororwa kwemasumbu emapfupa anoshandiswa kutarisa huwandu hunotarisirwa kana hunotarisirwa hwehumwe chirwere.
Munguva iyo, chirwere chinoramba chiri muhupamhi asi huchigadzikana mukati mehuwandu inonzi inogara . Semuenzaniso, apo kuputika kweHIV kunogona kuitika mune imwe nzvimbo nekuda kwezviitiko zvakakonzera kuwedzera kwakanyanya (sezvakaitika kuIndia muna 2015 pakati pevashandisi vezvinodhaka vanoshandisa mishonga), HIV inogona kufungidzirwa yakaoma kune imwe nzvimbo iyo uwandu hwehutachiona hunoramba hwakasimba .
Sezvo zvakadaro, chirwere chinoreva chiyero chechirwere pamusoro pezvakaberekwa kana chimiro chinoreva chimiro chakasimba chechirwere chisingafi kunze kana kuchinja zvakanyanya muhuwandu hwevanhu vakavhiringidzika.
Zvinangwa zveKubvunzisisa Kwemhirizhonga
Kuongorora kwekubuda kwemvura kunokosha kuti unzwisise uye pakupedzisira uchitarise nekudzivirira kupararira kwezvirwere. Nokunzwisisa kuti dzimwe zvirwere zvinoparadzirwa sei uye kuongorora maitiro avo ehutachiona, chirwere chepachirwere chinogona kufungidzira chitubu uye kuwana nzira dzokugadzirisa chirwere chacho.
Kuongorora kunonyanya kukosha kana chirwere chiri chakanyanya uye chiri nyore kupararira. Kutsvakurudza kunogona kubatsira kuve nekuvandudza kwemishonga mishonga nemishonga, kushandisa mitemo yehutano hwevanhu, kuisa zvigaro, uye kuwana nzira dzekuchinja mafambiro anozivikanwa kuti awedzere dambudziko rekutengesa.
10 Matanho Anowanikwa muCDC Investigations of Outbreaks
ICDC yakabudisa urongwa hwematanho gumi anoshandiswa nea epidemiologists kuti aongorore matambudziko. Nhungamiro inotarisira kuongorora nekukurumidza nekuongorora kwakarurama kwekuputika kuitira kuti ive nechirwere ichi nokukurumidza sezvinobvira uye kudzivirira kukuvadza kuvanhu vose.
Matanho acho ndeaya:
- Gadzirira basa remumunda . Vatsvakurudzi vanofanira kunge vachiziva nezvechirwere (kana kuti vanofungidzirwa chirwere) uye vane chirongwa chekuita chirongwa.
- Simbisa kuvapo kwekuputika . Izvi zvinosanganisira kuongorora mishumo yehutano yehutano, zviremba zvezvipatara, uye kuregererwa kwezvirwere kana kuitisa hurukuro yemunyika.
- Edzai kuongorora . Vatsvakurudzi vachada kuongororedza zvipatara zvinowanikwa uye kugadzirisa maitiro ebazi kuti vonekwe kuongororwa kana kuti kutsvaga chimiro chaicho chechirwere, kana chisingazikamwi.
- Tsanangura uye uone matambudziko . Izvi zvinotanga nekusimbisa chii chinonzi nyaya. Nokuita izvi, vatsvakurudzi vanogona kubvisa nhema-positi pavanoverenga nhamba chaiyo yezviitiko muhuwandu hwevanhu.
- Rondedzera dhidhiyo maererano ne nguva, nzvimbo, uye munhu . Izvi zvinosanganisira kuputsa pasi apo hutachiona hwega hukaitika, kwaitika, uye marudzi evanhu akabatwa (nezera, rudzi, zvepabonde, nezvimwewo)
- Ita pfungwa . Uku kungofungidzira kwakadzidza kunobva pane data yakanyorwa.
- Ongorora mafungiro . Izvi zvinoda kuwandisa nhamba kuti dzive kutsigira kana kusabatsirana pfungwa.
- Tsanangura pfungwa uye ita zvidzidzo zvakare . Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinogona kusanganisira maitiro emabara kana zvidzidzo zvakatipoteredza.
- Itai kuti maitiro ekudzivirira uye kudzivirira ave nesimba . Izvi ndizvo zviito zvinoshandiswa kuvhara uye kudzivirira kupararira kuwedzera kwehutachiona kubva pane zvinobva.
- Kurukurai zviwanikwa . Kukurukurirana kunofanirwa kurongedza hutano hwehutano hwevanhu uye kuchengetedza matanho anodiwa kuti kugumisa kuputika kwave kushandiswa zvizere.
> Source
> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). "Matanho ekutsvakurudza kuputika." Mazano eEpidemiology muHurumende yeHurumende Practice, 3rd ed.