Zithromax anobata marudzi akawanda ehutachiona hwehutachiona.
Zithromax inorwisa mabhakitiriya anoshandiswa kubata marudzi mazhinji ehutachiona, kusanganisira zvirwere zveganda, zvirwere zvekunzwa, zvirwere zvekupema, uye zvirwere zvepabonde. Inowanikwa sepiritsi kana injection.
Mechanism
Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya Zithromax (azithromycin) yakabva pana erythromycin, imwe mhando yemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Kunyange zvazvo zvose "macrolides," zvepamusoro Zithromax inonzi azalide, uye erythromycin inonzi macrolide.
Muchikamu chemakemikari, Zithromax inotaura chaiyo iyo lactose-macrolide yakagadzirwa seyerythromycin ichichengetedza mujoyo we nithygen methylated muhuro ye lactone.
Ichi chikamu chiduku chinokonzera bhakitiriya kugoverwa kweZithromax uye zvinoshamisa kuchinja nzira yaro yemasabolism. Apo erythromycin inoshandiswa neyo cytochrome P450 system, Zithromax haisi. Nokudaro, Zithromax inobatanidza nemamiriyoni emishonga, uye kusiyana neyerythromycin, haizovi nemishonga yekushandisa zvinodhaka nemufananidzo (eg, Zocor kana Crestor).
Kufanana nedzimwe macrolides-erythromycin uye clarithromycin-Zithromax inoshanda nekusunga mabhakitiriya 50S ribosomal subunit saka inopesana nekwanisa kubhaktaia kubereka mapuroteni. Mabhakitiriya anoda kubereka mapuroteni kuti ararame. (Zvichienderana neyero, macrolides inogona kunge iine bacteriostatic kana bacteriocidal.)
Coverage
Heano mamwe emabhakitiriya ayo Zithromax anorwisana:
- Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)
- Toxoplasmosis gondii
- Haemophilus influenza
- Streptococcus uye staphylococcus (zvishomanana kushanda kupfuura erythromycin)
- Helicobacter
- Moraxella catarrhalis
- Borrelia burgdorferi
- Chlamydia
Heano mamwe emakiriniki anoshandisa Zithromax:
- Kufuridzira marapirwo zvirwere
- Ganda nedzimwe zvirwere zvinotapira
- Izvozvo zvakanyanya bhakitiriya kuwedzera kweCOPD
- Otitis media
- Community-acquired pneumonia
- Bacterial conjunctivitis (utachiona hwemaziso)
- Mycobacterium avium complex kana MAC (inobatsira kupemha chirwere chinowanikwa neAIDS)
- Chancroid
- Pharyngitis
- Tonsillitis
- Chlamydial cervicitis uye urethritis (utachiona hwepabonde)
Izvo zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti mazinga akawanda emishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya anoita Zithromax chisarudzo chisina kunaka chekurapa zvimwe zvirwere zvakadai sevanhu vanogara munharaunda inonzi pneumonia, otitis media (ear infection) uye sinusitis yakaoma. Pamusoro pezvinyorwa, Zithromax haina kukwanisa mukurwisana nehutachiona hunokonzerwa neRSASA, chipfeko chakakura chinopesana nekurwisa mabhakitiriya.
Zvichienderana nemugwagwa wehutungamiri, Zithromax inowanikwa mumapiritsi, muromo wokumisa, majekiseni, uye ophthalmic solutions.
Kunyange zvazvo asingakwanisi kuyambuka ropa-uropi huripo (uye kurapa meningitis), Zithromax inonyanya kuisa mativi edu. Ichi chinodhaka chinowedzerwa zvishoma nezvishoma mu systemic circulation uye ine hafu yeupenyu hwemaawa makumi maviri nemashanu. Izvi zvinogadziriswa pharmacokinetic zvinobatsira vanachiremba kuti vatungamirire mishonga iyi zvisingatauriki. (Half-upenyu inoreva nguva inotora kuti kuiswa kwechirwere muropa kuderedze hafu.Kana hafu yeupenyu iine maawa 48, ipapo maawa 48 mushure mekutonga , hafu yemishonga ichave yakabviswa kubva muropa.)
Nekuremekedza cervicitis uye urethritis inokonzerwa nehutachiwana nechlamydia, chirwere chimwechete (injection) yeZithromax inobatsira zvakafanana semakore manomwe-day doxycycline, naizvozvo, kuvhara mishonga kusava nehanya . (CDC inokurudzira kuti vanachiremba vanorapa gonorrhea uye chlamydia pamwe chete, zvinonzi "vaviri" kurapa.) Saka, chiremba anonyora mutsara we cephalosporin Rocephin kuti aite zvinogona kuitika gonorrhea, zvakare.) Ndapota ona kuti pane chiremba chechiremba wako kana kukubata iwe neZithromycin uye pane zviyero zvipi. Kana uchida, tapota taura nezvekurapa kwakadaro nachiremba wako.
Migumisiro yakaipa
Kunyange zvazvo isiri yakaoma seyerythromycin, Zithromycin inogonawo kukonzera kushushikana kwepamuviri sekusuruvara kana kurutsa. Izvi zvisingabatsiri migumisiro inogona kuderedzwa nokudya zvimwe zvokudya usati watora chirongwa chemuviri cheZithromycin.
Shoko Rinobva
Kana iwe kana munhu waunoda ane chirwere chemwoyo, zvinogona kuva pfungwa yakanaka yekudzivisa Zithromycin. Ichi chirwere chinozivikanwa kuti chinokonzera QT-prolongation, arrhythmia, uye kamwe kamwe rufu. Nezvinyorwa, QT-prolongation inopesana nemitambo yekunzwa.
Chinhu chakanaka pamusoro peZithromycin ndechekuti hafu yehupenyu hurefu uye miviri shoma inogadzirisa kusava nehanya. Somuenzaniso, imwe nhamba yechirwere ichi inotorwa muhofisi yechiremba ndeyekugadzirisa zvakakwana; asi, kana iwe uchida kutora doxycycline iwe pachako kwevhiki, unogona kukanganwa kana kusiya.
Kunyange zvakadaro, kana yakatemwa Zithromycin yezvipembenene zvinoputika, utachiona hwehuro uye nezvimwe zvakadaro, zvakakosha kwatiri kuti tione kurapwa kuburikidza. Kana tikakundikana kupedza kurapwa uye kupedza zvizere mabhakitiriya ekuuraya mumuviri wedu, mabhakitiriya asingagadziri anorarama uye anoparadzira - kuuraya vamwe, kugadzirisa, nekupa kukwanisa kune mamwe mabhakitiriya.
Ndapota yeuka kuti kuburikidza nekudarika maitiro ekurapa maantibioti, tinoita kuti mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, iyo inetso yenyika yose. Hondo yekurwisa maantibhakitiriya kushorwa ndechimwe chekuenderera mberi uye kubhururuka, uye vazhinji vezvokutanga zvekurapa kwekurapa vashamba. Tose tinofanira kuita zvose zvatinogona kuti tirwise maantibiotiki.
> Sources
> Deck DH, Winston LG. Chitsauko 44. Tetracyclines, Macrolides, Clindamycin, Chloramphenicol, Streptogramins, & Oxazolidinones. Muna: Katzung BG, Masters SB, Trevor AJ. eds. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 12e . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012.
> Mosby's Drug Reference yeZviviro zveHurumende, Kechipiri Kushandurwa kwakabudiswa naElviervier muna 2010.
> O'Donnell MR, Saukkonen JJ. Chitsauko 168. Antimycobacterial Agents. Mu: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012.