Iwe unogona kunge usingafungi nezvepere yako yakawanda, asi yakange yakatarisira iwe. Kana iwe usina imwe, kune zvimwe zvinhu zvaunofanira kuziva kuti urambe wakachengeteka kubva kune zvirwere.
Wako Spleen Anoitei?
Muzhinji, spleen yako, nhengo yakadzika 4-inch inowanikwa kuruboshwe rworubha rako, iyo chikamu cheropa rako uye zvirwere zvemuviri. Inobatsira kuchengetedza urongwa hwemasero matsvuku eropa uye masero machena eropa.
Mune mamwe mazwi, inoshanda seyeri filfuta. Inobvisa masero matsvuku eropa uye inonamatira kune imwe nzvimbo yemamwe masero matsvuku eropa kuti isunungure mune imwe nguva, uye inobatsira zvakare kugadzirisa iron.
Chimwe chebasa: spleen yako inogona kuita zvirwere zvekare zvinobvisa mabhakitiriya uye chero mamwe masero anove akaputirwa muzvirwere. Ichi chinopedzisira chinobatsira kuchengetedza miviri yedu kusununguka kubva kuzvirwere.
Zvinonzwisisika, kana tisingagoni kuita nhengo iyi, isu tinowanzoshungurudzwa kubhakitiriya, kunyanya rimwe rudzi rwebhakitiriya rwakadanwa mabhakitiriya akachengetwa nokuti vane kamuhaidhirate chaiyo (kunyanya polysaccharide) capsule yakavapoteredza. Iwe unogona sei kurasikirwa neshinda yako, zvakadaro?
Ndiani Anotadza Spleen Wadzo?
Pane zvikonzero zvitatu zvakakonzerwa nei vanhu vasina chepleen yavo:
- Njodzi kana njodzi
- Sickle Cell Disease auto-splenectomy
- Kurapa kweimwe chirwere
Kutambudza: Chikonzero chinowanzovhiringidzika chokuita kuti spleen yako ibudiswe chirwere chinotambudza. Izvi zvinowanzokonzerwa nemotokari nemotokari yemotokari uyewo kuwira, kurwisana, uye kukuvara kwemitambo.
Iyo spleen ndiyo nhengo inowanzokuvadzwa zvikuru mumatambudziko anorwadza mumuviri (1 mu4 maitiro ekukuvara kwakadaro kunopinda spleen). Mungozi dzemotokari, kukuvadzwa kwakadaro kunogonawo kusanganiswa nekuiswa kusina kukodzera uye kushandiswa kwechigaro chechigaro. Ikoko kunogonawo kuva nenyaya dze stabbings nepfuti dzinogona kukuvadza spleen asi izvi zvisiri zvishoma.
Hakusi zvose zvinokuvadza kune spleen zvinoda kuvhiyiwa. Vanachiremba vanowanzotarisa kuti vaone kuti munhu uyu nekukuvara zvinokura sei, kana zvisiri zvekukurumidzira, vasati vasarudza kuenda kuvhiya.
Chirwere Chirwere: Autosplenectomy inowanikwa mu sickle cell chirwere. MuUnited States, vanhu 100 000 vane sickle cell. Munyika yose, vanopfuura mamiriyoni vanoita. Kune marudzi akasiyana eSickle Cell. Kusiyana kwezvinhu izvi kunotarisa kune mararamiro akasiyana-siyana aripo. Kurasikirwa kwepleen kunonyanya kunowanikwa mumhando yakawanda yeSickle Cell: Hemoglobin SS chirwere. Hemoglobin SS chirwere chinokonzerwa nokuva nemapepi maviri ehemoglobin imwe S gene mutation. Mune rudzi urwu, vanhu vanowanzorasikirwa nechero yavo nenzira inonzi "autosplenectomy." Iko kwakange kusina mikana yakawanda yeimwe zvirwere zvinokonzera kumwechete.
Kurapwa kwechimwe chirwere, sechirwere chekudzivirira muviri: Vamwe vakadzingwa kuti vararame chirwere, zvikurukuru chirwere chemoto. Splenectomy inoshandiswa kurapa chirwere chimwe chisingadikanwi zvikuru -immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Muchirwere ichi, maitiro ezvirwere zvezvirwere zvinosuruvarisa kuparadza maplatelets. Izvi zvinoreva miviri yedu isina imwe yezvigadziro zvavanoda kubvisa kuti irege kubuda ropa.
Vaya vanobatwa nehutachiona hwekuzvidzivirira hunoenda hury sezvinoitika izvi zvinogona kuve nekupwanya uye kubuda ropa nyore nyore. Vangave vanewo mapepa matsvuku pamakumbo avo. Ichi chirwere chinogona kubuda pachako, asi vamwe vanoda mishonga. Kana ikasaenda uye mishonga haina kukwana, dzimwe nguva kubvisa spleen ndiyo kupindira kunobatsira.
Pane zvimwe zvinetso zvinogona kutarisirwa ne splenectomy. Dzimwe nguva splenectomy inodiwa nokuti mumwe munhu ane anemia (pasi tsvuku tsvuku yakawanda) nekuda kwekuparadzwa kwemasero avo matsvuku eropa. Izvi zvinogona kuitika nekuda kwematambudziko akasiyana-siyana akadai sefa nhaka spherocytosis kana autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA).
Splenectomy inogona dzimwe nguva, asi kwete nguva dzose, rega kupera kwemasero matsvuku eropa apo mishonga kana dzimwe mishonga isingashande.
Pane zvimwe zvikonzero zveplenectomy zvakare. Kunyange zvazvo zvisinganyanyozivikanwi, vamwe vave nemapenectomies ekurapa thalassemia pamwe ne thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Dzimwe nguva maglenectomies akaitwa nokuti chirwere chakanga chakakura zvikuru kubva pane chimwe chirwere . Yakaitwawo pane dzimwe nguva pakugadzirisa kuongororwa kweHodgkin's lymphoma kuitira kusarudza kurapa kwakanakisisa kwekenza.
Vanenge 22 000 vanhu vanorasikirwa nepleen yavo kuburikidza nekuvhiyiwa gore negore muUnited States
Chii Chiri Kuvhiya Kufanana?
Kuvhiyiwa kubvisa spleen yako kunonzi splenectomy . MuUnited States, inowanzoitwa neproprocopically (ine kamera uye zvishoma zvisinganyanyi kujekesa). Kana iwe uine hutano, iwe unogona kubva muchipatara musi iwoyo uye udzoke zvakakwana mumavhiki maviri.
Nzira Yokuzvidzivirira Sei Kubva Mazvirwere Usati Wavhiyiwa?
Vanhu vasina zvirwere zvinowanzoita kuti vanorwara kubva kune dzimwe marudzi emaabhakitiriya, kunyanya mabhakitiriya akachengeterwa (mabhakitiriya ane chekunze gidheidhadhi yakavhara). Iwe unofanirwa kupemerwa usati wavhiyiwa, kana yakarongwa chirwere. Zvizhinji zveplenectomies zvinoitwa sezvinongoerekana zvaitika mushure mokutambudzika uye kuronga kwakanyanya hakusi nguva dzose zvichibvira.
Kana zvichibvira, iwe unofanirwa kuva nemishonga mavhiki maviri musati maita chirongwa chinorongwa. Kana iwe wakanga uine chirwere chekukurumidzira uye wakanga usingakwanisi kupemerwa kare (kana kuti zvirwere zvaisati zvaitwa vasati vavhiyiwa nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero), iwe unofanirwa kunorapwa pashure. Mishonga inofanira kupiwa mavhiki maviri kana kupfuura mushure mekuvhiyiwa, asi usamirira kwenguva refu.
Ndezvipi Zvirwere Unofanira Kuwana?
Pane zvinhu zvina unofanira kuwana zvirwere zvinopesana:
- Neisseria meningitidis
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Influenza
Iwe unofanirwawo kuvharirwa zvirwere zvose zvaunowanzochengetwa, sezvinoita maserosi, mawere, rubella, varicella, uye tetanus. Iwe unofanirwa kutaura zvakare nachiremba wako kana mumwe chiremba wezvechiremba pamusoro pekuti iwe unoda kudzorerwa zvakare kana unoda shanduko yakasiyana yeimwe yemishonga iyi.
Neisseria meningitidis (N. meningitidis): Iyi ibhakitiriya inogona kukonzera meningitis uye / kana sepsis. Mushonga mukuru ndeye quadrivalent. Ndiko kutaura; inodzivirira kumativi mana eN. meningitidis (Serogroups A, C, W-135, uye Y). Inodzinga B yakafukidzwa kana isina kunyatsopodhwa. Serogroup X haina kufanana uye haisati iine chirwere chiripo.
H. Huruzai rudzi b (Hib): Izvi bhakitiriya zvaimbova chikonzero chinokonzera bhakitiriya meningitis muvana pasi pemakore mashanu kusvikira chirwere chichatanga kushandiswa. Inokonzerawo pneumonia nemutsipa kuvhara uye zvirwere zvinogona kuva zvakakomba. Chinonyanya kuve nehutachiwana muvana, asi ani naani asina chirwere chinokonzerwa nekupora.
Streptococcus pneumoniae (Strep pneumo): Kune marudzi akawanda eStrep pneumo, sezvo inowanzonzi. Iko kushungurudzika kwaunodzivirirwa kurwisana kunobva pane chirwere chaunowana. PVV 7 inodzivirira maronda manomwe; PVV 13 kusvika 13; Mushonga wePolysaccharide PPSV23 wakachengetedzwa nema 23 asi maitiro ezvirwere zvekuzvidzivirira mumuviri akanga asina simba uye kudzivirira.
Fluenza: Iwe uchada kuwana chirwere chekushaya chirwere gore roga roga. Izvi ndezvokukuchengetedza kubva kune hutachiona hwepabhakitiriya rwechipiri, saiyo inokonzera pneumonia, iwe uri pangozi kana iwe ukarwara nehosha. Vakawanda vanouraya nefuruwenza vanofawo nehutachiona hwehutachiona hunovhiringidza apo mapapu ekudzivirirwa kwemapapu akadzivirirwa uye aneta nehosha.
Pane Ngozi Dzokufunganya Nezvokufamba?
Kana uri kufamba unogona kusangana nemabhugi iwe waisazoita. Iwe unogonawo kugara kune imwe nzvimbo ine zvikwata zvakasiyana pane dzimwe nzvimbo. Pane zvirwere zvakasiyana siyana zvaunogona kunge uri pangozi. Kana uchifamba kuWest Africa, iva nechokwadi chokuti unorirwe kupikisa meningococcal meningitis uye kuti zvirwere zvinosvika pakatarisana. (Mukoko wekudzivirira haubatsiri nguva dzose sezvatinoda). Saizvozvowo, chirwere chinonzi pneumococcal hachina kuvhara matambudziko ose uye iwe unogona kutaridzirwa kune rimwe dambudziko kana uri kure.
Iwewo unogona kunge uri pangozi yakawanda yehutachiona hwemarariya kana iwe usina chirwere. Iva nechokwadi chokuti une malaria prophylaxis kana uchifamba kwaunogona kunge uri pangozi uye uchenjerere kuti urege utsi .
Saizvozvowo, kana iwe uchigara kana kuenda kunzvimbo uko Babesia inowanikwa, iwe unenge wava pangozi yakakura zvakare kana usina iwe spleen. Izvi zvinonyanya kuve paNantucket kana Marita Munda Wemizambiringa muMassachusetts, asiwo Block Island kubva Rhode Island neShelter Island, Fire Island, uye East East Long Island-yose iri muNew York State. Iyo mishonga inogona kuitikawo kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzezvematunhu aya uye kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeNegemast uye nechokumusoro Midwest, kusanganisira New Jersey, Wisconsin, uye Minnesota. Kunewo dzimwe nguva dzisinganzwisisiki (uye dzakaoma) dzinobva kuEurope. Babesia inogona kuitika munharaunda dzisina kujairika zvakare inoparidzirwa nekuwedzerwa ropa.
Uyewo, dzimwe dzisina chipembenene dzinogona kunge dzichikwanisa kuve nehutachiona hwemhino kana imwe chiganda pavanenge vachifamba ndege refu kana kufamba. Kana iwe uchizobhururuka, taura nachiremba wako kana imwe nyanzvi yehutano nezvehutano uhwu uye chero njodzi dzingasangana nadzo.
Zvimwe Kunetseka
Iwe unofanirwa kutaurira chiremba wako kana chiremba wezvechiremba nezvekubata kwako zuva nezuva hutano pamwe chete.
Vamwe vanhu vasina chirwere, kunyanya vana, vanotora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya zuva rega rega kuchikumbiro chachiremba wavo. Izvakanaka uye zvakanakira izvi zvinofanira kukurukurwa nachiremba wako kana imwe nyanzvi yehutano. Kutora antibiotics nguva dzose kunogona kuva nemigumisiro isingatarisirwi . Iwe unogona kukura mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kana kuwana zvirwere zvinowanzoitika apo mabhakitiriya edu ekare ekare akadzimwa uye asina kusiyiwa asina kuvharwa, saka zvakakosha kutaura nemumwe chiremba nezvechiremba pamusoro peizvi.
Vamwe vanotakura mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya navo iyo yavanotora pakarepo kana vachikurira fevha kana kuti vanorwara. Vanobva vatsvaga kurapwa pakarepo. Kurapa kwakadaro kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira utachiona kubva pakuva sepisi yakaipa.
Imwe njodzi yehutachiona hwakakomba inobva kubhakitiriya inonzi Capnocytophagia. Ndicho chikonzero chisingawanzoiti chetachiona muvanhu vane zvinokonzera asi zvinogona kuva zvirwere zvakakomba kune mumwe munhu asina spleen. Inowanzokonzerwa nekurumwa kwembwa, kunyange dzimwe nguva kati inoruma zvakare. Zviratidzo zvinotanga kazhinji mune rimwe zuva, saka iwe unofanirwa kuve wakagadzirira kana imbwa ikaruma kutsvaga kurapwa (uye inogona kutora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya se penicillin uye mamwe maitiro anorwisa mabhakitiriya anokwanisa kubata chirwere).
Vanhu Vanoita Sei Mumakore Akareba?
Masayendisiti akatarisa kumashure mauto akarasikirwa neavo muHondo Yenyika II. Vakawana kuti yevashandi veAmerican 740 vakaona kuti vazhinji vakararama upenyu hurefu. Zvisinei, ivo vakawedzera kufa nekuda kwepineumonia (zvichida Strep pneumo zvirwere) uye ischemic moyo wepfungwa (kushungurudzika kwemoyo, zvichida nokuti kubvisa zvinyorwa zvavo zvakakanganisa hurongwa hwavo hweropa uye zvakaita kuti vavhare zvimwe, izvo zvinozivikanwa zvisingaiti zvepamuviri) .
Zvakadini Kana Iwe Wakave Necheka Guru?
Kuva nepleen yakakura inonzi splenomegaly. Icho chinhu chiremba kana mumwe chiremba wezvechiremba anofanira kuongorora.
Pane zvikonzero zvizhinji nei shamhu inogona kukura. Chimwe chezvinyanya kukosha ndeye mono (mononucleosis inokonzerwa neEBV, Epstein Barr Virus).
Iko kune avo vane huru inokonzerwa nekuda kweropa mamiriro ezvinhu avakaberekerwa, sa thalassemia kana sarcoid. Vamwe vane chirwere chakakura nemhaka ye lymphoma kana leukemia (kanza yeropa) kana hemolytic anemia (apo masero matsvuku eropa anoparadzwa). Vamwe vanozvikurudzira kubva pakuva nechirwere cheropa (kufanana nehutachiona hwehutachiona).
Iwe Unogona Kuva Nezvakawanda Kupfuura Mumwe Chete Here?
Chaizvoizvo, hongu. Vamwe vanhu vane hove imwe chete. Vamwe vanoberekwa ne polysplenia (kana kuti yakawanda inowedzera) iyo inogona kunge yakabatana nedzimwe mamiriro ezvinhu ekuberekwa (kana matambudziko emishonga pakuberekwa). Vamwe vanopedzisira vaine zvishoma zvepleen yavo yakaparadzana kubva kune vamwe; iyi inowanzova "spleen yevashandi" inokonzerwa nekushungurudzika (kusanganisira kubva pakuberekwa, kunyange kubva kune splenectomy).
> Sources:
> Robinette CD, Fraumeni JF. Splenectomy uye zviitiko zvekufa kune veterans vehondo ye1939-45. Lancet. 1977; 2 (8029): 127-9.
> Watters JM, Sambasivan CN, Zink K, et al. Splenectomy inotungamirira kune hurumende inoramba ichinetseka mushure mekutsvaga. Am J Surg. 2010; 199 (5): 646-51.
> CDC. Vaccination for Asplenia.
> Halpert B, Alden ZA. Zviwanikwa zvinopinda mukati kana pamuswe wepascreas: kuongororwa kwemasvondo maviri nemazana mazana maviri emakereke. Arch Pathol. 1964; 77: 652-654.