Inowviruses inowanikwa neWily Common
Inoviruses inowanzova zvirwere. Kune zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvinonzi enterovirus zvinotapukira kubva kune zvirwere zvakajairika - seSpain Foot uye Mouth Disease uye zvinotonhora - kune zvirwere zvinouraya uye zvisingaoneki - seporiyo uye encephalitis. Rimwe dambudziko, Enterovirus-D68 kana EV-D68, rakagamuchirwa zvakanyanya sezvo rakapararira chirwere chokuputika muna 2014.
Imwe dambudziko EV-71 inogona kukonzera matambudziko eurological sezvinonzi encephalitis, izvo zvakaratidzwa mukubuda kweChina uye nerufaro nekuti majekiseni akave akaita (uye ariku) akashandiswa (asi haawanikwi muUnited States).
Nheyo dzinokosha dzeEngovirus D-68
Muna 2014, sezvo vana vakadzokera kuchikoro, hutachiona hwakapararira nokukurumidza muUnited States. Yakatanga kuonekwa muMissouri ndokuzopararira muMidwest Midlands ndokuenda kuSouth neNortheast nedzimwe nyika. Inonyanya kubata avo vane astmma.
- Vakawanda vanobatwa vana
- Vana vane astmma vanotambura zvikuru
- Shamba maoko nesipo nemvura (kwete maoko e-sanitizers)
- Utachiona hunogona kuramba huripo pamadziropiti, mabhonokori, matoyi kana akabatwa
- Vana vazhinji vanorwara havana fivhiri
- Vamwe vana vanotambudzika kufema uye vanoda kuenda kuchipatara
- Ikoko hakuna mushonga kana kurapwa kwakananga. Vakawanda vanowedzera zviri nani
- Inoviruses inowanzobatwa zvirwere. D-68 inongova nhamo isingawaniki.
- Zvimwe zviitiko zvinobatanidzwa nehutachiona husina simba kana kuparara
- Zvimwe zviitiko zvakakomba, asi mitero yerufu haisi yakakwirira pane dzimwe dzakawanda zvirwere zvokufema.
Basics
Inoviruses inowanzova zvirwere. Izvo zvinowanzoonekwa kunyange kana tisinganzwi nezvemahombekombe. Izvo, zvisinei, zvinogona kukonzera kubuda kwechirwere kamwe kamwe.
10-15 mamiriyoni anotapukirwa nematambudziko akasiyana siyana gore negore muUnited States. Hapana hutano hwakananga. Hakuchina mushonga muUnited States ye enteroviruses, kunze kweruchiva, iyo isingashande paEV-D68. Kune imwe nyika kune zvirwere chete zveimwe dambudziko rakasiyana, kunze kweporiyo.
Zvipembenene zvakawanda zve enterovirus zvinokonzera zviratidzo - kana pane imwe chete fivhiri kana kutonhora - uye hazvizivikanwe.
Pane zvirwere zvakanyanya zvinosanganiswa ne-subtypes, zvakadai seEV-D68.
Kuporesa: Enterovirus D68 EV-D68
Zviratidzo zvinogona kunge zvakafanana nehuwandu. EV-D68 inogona, kunyange zvakadaro, inokura kuva chirwere chakakomba chinoda kugara muchipatara. Zviratidzo zvinowanzobatanidza kuoma nekufema uye kufamba. Vazhinji havana fivha. Vashoma kupfuura 1 pa4 vaiva nefivha.
Vana vane chirwere chepachimbuzi vari pangozi yakakwirira. Avo vepakutanga muzvipatara vave vaduku (masvondo matanhatu kusvika pamakore gumi nematanhatu) uye asthmatic (68%).
Chero ani anotambudzika kufema anofanirwa kutsvaga kurapwa. Hapana hutano hwakananga. Oxygen uye kutarisirwa kuchipatara zvinogona kudiwa.
MunaAugust 2014, an Enterovirus-D68 yakaonekwa muvana muKansas City, Missouri. Pakazosvika Gumiguru, yakanga yasvika makumi maviri nemazana mashanu. Vana vanopfuura 1000 vakaudzwa vachirwara; 15% yeavo vepatara vaida kutarisirwa zvakanyanya.
Dzimwe nguva maoko emana nemakumbo zvinogona kuva vasina simba, kunyange akaoma mitezo, seporiyo. Iyi "acute flaccid kuparara" yakave ichibatanidza neTenovirus D-68.
Chirwere chacho chakanga chisiri chinhu munyika yose, asi pane zvishoma, asi chirwere chakakomba chave chakaonekwa. Pakave nemishumo yekuora simba. Pasinei nokuoma kwechirwere ichi, paiva nevakafa vakafa vaibatanidza nehutachiona. Muzvokwadi, EV-D68 yakawanikwa ichikonzera zvirwere zvakanyanya, asi kwete kufa kupfuura mamwe mavhesi ekuputika, sai rhinoviruses (uyewo enterovirus).
Zvimwe zvinetso
Kune marudzi akasiyana e-enterovirus, ane matanho akasiyana-siyana akasiyana-siyana munyika yose.
Polioviruses ine enteroviruses. Zvimwe zvisiri zvePolio-Inoviruses zvakaparadzaniswa zvikamu zvina: Coxsackievirus A, Coxsackievirus B, Echovirus, uye kuverengwa kweEngoviruses. Pane makumi matanhatu makumi matanhatu nematanhatu emaserovirus anozivikanwa kuti anokonzera chirwere.
Rhinoviruses
Rhinoviruses inokonzera kupisa. Zviitiko zvakawanda ndezvinyoro kana kuti zvisati zvaonekwa. Dzimwe zviitiko zvinogona kunge zvakakomba uye zvinokonzera chirwere chikuru chokufema. Hapana hutano hwakananga kana chirwere. Inopararira nemadonhwe - sekufema mumadonhwe aya kana nekubata zvinhu nemaoko zvakasvibiswa nemadonhwe aya.
Encephalitis
Encephalitis iko kuputika kweuropi, zvichikonzera kuneta, kukonzera, kugumburwa, kurasikirwa kwekufamba kana kubatana.
EV71 chirwere chakakomba muAsia, zvichikonzera kuputika kukuru ikoko, asi kwete muU.S. Mune zvingawanzoita kuti zvive neurological effects, zvakadai seuropi-stem encephalitis iyo inononoka neurodevelopment. Rimwe genotype C4 kunyanya inosanganiswa nekuputika uku.
Zvirwere zviviri zvakave zvakagadzirwa nekuda kwechisimba ichi uye zvichiita sechivimbisa - asi zveEV71 chete.
Ipa Maoko Uye Muromo Matwere (HFMD)
Blister inokura pamaoko, dzimwe nguva tsoka, uye muromo yakajeka kana ghena uye yakapoteredzwa nemarin'i matsvuku. Izvi zvinokuvadza uye zvinopera kwevhiki imwe.
Coxsackievirus A16 ndiyo inowanzobatwa neHFMD muUnited States, kunze kweCoxsackievirus A6 yakakurumbira muna 2011-12. Coxsackievirus A6 inokonzera zvirwere zvakakomba, dzimwe nguva dzinoda kugara muchipatara.
Herpangina
Mishomanana maduku "Mhedziso dzinoputika" dzinokura mushure memuromo, pedyo nematoni, nehuro uye fever. Vanogona kuonda. Blister inorapa mumazuva manomwe.
Coxsackie A4, 10, 5, 6, 2 ne3 dzinosanganiswa.
Myopericarditis
Myopericarditis ndiko kuputika kwe pericardium (sac inopoteredza mwoyo) uye musikana wemwoyo. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kupfupika kwefema, kuneta, kurwadziwa kwepfupa - kazhinji kunowedzera kumira pasi. Varwere vanogona kukura mwoyo kusakona. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanogona kuva nehuwandu hwehutachiona mumakumbo nemapapu. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoiti, kukanganisa kwemwoyo kungave kutyisa upenyu.
Inogona kukonzerwa ne coxsackieviruses A4, B3, B2.
Acute Hemorrhagic Conjunctivitis (AHC)
Maziso anoonekwa neropa kwemazuva mashanu -7, asati agadzirisa, kazhinji pasina maziso eziso.
Coxsackievirus A24 uye enterovirus 70 inosanganiswa ne conjunctivitis neAHC.
Viral (aseptic) Meningitis
Meningitis ndiko kuputika kwe meninges (membrane inopoteredza uropi nemutsipa wesipinha). Varwere vane fivha, misoro, uye dzimwe nguva kuvhiringidzika. Vanogona kurasikirwa uye vanoshaya basa.
Echoviruses 13, 18, uye 30 zvinosanganiswa.
Paralysis
Ingovirus 70 inowanzokonzera chirwere cheporiyo-kufema.
Neonatal Sepsis
Neonatal yakanyanya sepsis inowanikwa ne coxsackievirus B1.
Pleurodynia
Furo nekurwadziwa kwechimbichimbi mumakumbo madiki kubva kumusana kunokanganisa.
Iyo inowanikwa uye inosanganiswa neEchovirus 1.
Migumisiro yenguva refu
Inoviruses inobatanidza neAimimune Disorders. Vamwe vanofungidzira Rudzi rwechirwere cheshuga nezvimwe zvinetso zvinogona kukura mushure mekunge zvirwere zve enterovirus.
Transmission
Zvisiri-polio zvinonzivirero zvinogona kuwanikwa muzvigaro, ziso, mhino, kana kuti mumuromo. Chirwere ichi chinogona kupararira nekubatana (ruoko), kubata zvinhu zvakasangana nevamwe ("fomites"), kuchinja mahara, kunwa mvura yakasvibiswa. Varwere vanogona kuparadzira zvimwe zvinetso kuburikidza neshefu kana kuporesa masvondo mashure mushure mezviratidzo zvinopfuura. Basa kana kunwisa zvinogona kutumira utachiona. Zviratidzo zvinowanzokura mazuva 3-6 mushure mekutsvaga.
Kushayikwa kwevana kusati kwasangana nekudzivirira muviri. Iko kune imwe chete yekudzivirira-chitunha pakati pe enteroviruses dzakasiyana; Vakuru vagara vaine matambudziko akawanda.
Zvirwere
Nokuti zvipembenene zvinogona kukonzera zviratidzo, shambidza maoko ako-kunyanya usati wadya, paunoshandisa dzimba dzekushambidza, kushandura mapepa, kushanyira chero munhu anorwara.
Shamba maoko ako nesipo nemvura. Inoviruses haina kunyatsodzivirirwa newaini-based sanitizers. Dzivisa kuzunungusa maoko. Chifukidziro chinoputika nemucheka kana sleeve yepamusoro. Nyaya dzakachena. Dzivisa kubata chiso chako.
Ikoko hakuna mushonga muSouth America. Kuongororwa kunoitwa neCPR. Hapana hutano hwakananga.