The Concepts behind Down Syndrome Screening Test
Izwi rekuongorora maitiro eA Down Syndrome panguva yekudzivirira
Nhamba yekutsvaga kuongororwa kweArt syndrome yakawedzera zvinoshamisa mumakore mashomanana apfuura. Usati waita chisarudzo pamusoro pekupi kuedza, kana kuripo, kwakakosha kwauri, zvakakosha kunzwisisa pfungwa shure kwekuongorora kuongorora.
Kuongorora uye kuongorora miedzo kunogona kunge yakaoma pfungwa dzevanhu kuti vanzwisise.
Isu tinoshandiswa kuongororo yezvokurapa ichitipa mhinduro, asi nekuongorora kuongororwa, pane mhinduro, tinowana kuenzanisa kwengozi. Semuenzaniso, miedzo yekuongorora haigone kukuudza chokwadi kuti mwana wako ane Down syndrome, inogona kukupa kungofanana nemukana wako wekuwana mwana ane Down syndrome. Kubva pahuwandu hwehuwandu hwehutachiwana uye hutachiwana hunotarirwa kare, hupombwe hwako huchaiswa sechinhu chisingaoneki (pasi pangozi) kana kuti chinyorwa chepamusoro (chakanyanya ngozi). Kunyanya kuongorora kunoparadzanisa vanhu muvanhu vaviri - avo vanoonekwa sevari pangozi (vazhinji) uye avo vanoonekwa sekukuvadza zvikuru (vashomanana).
Izvi zvingaita sokuti zvakaoma zvishoma asi ndinofunga kuti kutarisa muenzaniso wakareruka uchabatsira.
Muenzaniso Wekuedzwa Kwekuongorora
Chimwe chekuedza chekuongorora kuongorora chinogona kuongorora njodzi yaamai kuti ive neAlex syndrome inongova kukumbira amai-kuva-yezera rake. Kubva pane mhinduro yake uye pangozi-cutoff, vana-ku-vanogona kuparadzana mumapoka maviri-avo vanoonekwa secheperi (chinyorwa chisina kunaka) uye avo vanoonekwa sekutengesa zvikuru (skrini yakanaka).
Kuti uparadzanise vhuraamai vakanaka kubva kumadzimai asina kunaka, ngatiti ngati ani zvake ane dambudziko rinopfuura 1 muna 200 (kana imwe hafu ye1 muzana) inonzi inofanirwa kutaridzika. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nematambudziko makumi maviri nematatu.
Zvino, ngatitsvakei vanaamai vaviri-kuti-vave nemakore avo. Amai A ane makore makumi matatu uye anobva pazera rake ari oga, pangozi yake yekuva nemwana ane Down syndrome iri 1 mu 900.
Anoonekwa se "screen negative" sezvo dambudziko rake risingapfuuri pangozi yedu yekudzivirira ye1 mu 200. Saka njodzi yake iri pasi uye haazopiwe chero kuongorora kupi nekupi. Asi, uye ichi ndicho chikuru asi, panjodzi yake haisi zero-inosvika 1 muna 900. Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti kana 900 mamakore ane makore makumi maviri nemakore ari muimba, mumwe angave ane mwana ane Down syndrome kunyange kunyange zvazvo "muedzo" wedu wati aive asina kuvhara (pasina ngozi!)
Iye zvino ngatitsvake Amai B vera rake. Amai B ari 38 uye anobva pazera rake ari oga, pangozi yake yekuva nemwana ane Down syndrome ndeye1 mu 180 (kana zvishoma kudarika ngozi yedu cutoff ye1 mu 200). Sezvo njodzi yake yakawanda kupfuura 1 mu2002, inonzi "chinyararire" kana kuti yakawanda. Iye zvino zviri pachena, njodzi yake inenge inenge hafu yezanachete (kana kuti inopfuura 99 muzana inopera kuti mwana wayo asina mwana ane Down syndrome) asi maererano nemuedzo wedu, mugumisiro wake ndewe "screen positive". , "Zvichiri kuwedzera kuti mwana wavo haana Down syndrome. Zvisinei, zvichibva pa "njodzi" yake, aizopiwa chirongwa chekutsvaga kuongororwa kuti aone kana mwana ane Down syndrome. Vazhinji vakadzi, kunyange nekunakisisa kuongororwa, vachava nevana vasina Down syndrome.
Iwe unogona kuona zvakadaro, kuti kuwana "chinyorwa chakanaka" chigumisiro kunogona kusimudza kufunganya kwako.
Makomborero uye Kukanganiswa kwekuongorora maedzo
Kunyange zvazvo maitiro ekuongorora vana vasati vasvika vasati vakuudzei chokwadi pamusoro pemakromosomes emwana wenyu, ivo vane zvimwe zvinobatsira kana vachienzaniswa nekuongororwa kweruzhinji semamniocentesis kana chorionic villi sampling (CVS). Kune rimwe, hakuna ngozi kune pamuviri. Kuwanda kwekuongororwa kuongororwa kunogona kuve kuongororwa kweropa kana kuwedzerwa kana kuwirirana kwezvose zviri zviviri, uye naizvozvo hakuna ngozi yekusununguka pamuviri kunobatanidzwa navo sekunge kune amniocentesis kana CVS. Izvo zvisingabatsiri ndezvokuti havakupi mhinduro yakasimba, vanongokupai kuongororwa kwengozi yako.
Kazhinji kacho kuongororwa kwacho kwakaderera (chinyorwa chisina kunaka) uye vakadzi vazhinji vanoona izvi zvinokurudzira. Zvisinei, kana chiitiko chako chekuongorora chinonzi chakanaka, izvi zvingakuita kuti uzvidye mwoyo kunyange zvazvo zvichida kuti mwana wako haana Down syndrome. Kana zviitiko zvako zvichionekwa sechinhu chakajeka, unozosanganawo nekuita sarudzo pamusoro pekuongororwa kwekuongorora.
Matanho Mukuita Chisarudzo Pamusoro pekuedzwa kwepabonde
Sezvaunofunga pamusoro pezvisarudzo zvako, tora nguva yekufamba nematanho aya, uchifunga kuti danho rinotevera richave risinei pasinei nekuedzwa kwaunosarudza kuva nako:
- Kana uine dambudziko rinowedzera reArt syndrome rinotarisana nezera rako, tora nguva kuti unzwisise kuti njodzi yeA Down syndrome inowedzera nezera. Sezvakataurwa, kunyange vanaamai vakwegura, vanoti, pamusoro pemakore makumi mana, vanowanzova nevana vasina Down syndrome kupfuura mwana ane Down syndrome.
- Kana, zvichienderana nezera rako, iwe unonetseka kuti mwana wako ane ngozi yakawanda yeArt syndrome, iwe zvino unofunga kufunga nezvematambudziko ekuongorora maitiro ekuberekwa (kutanga kwemamiriyoni matatu ekuongorora serofu, B-HCG level, apha fetoprotein kuongorora, ultrasound nekutanga kwetatu nuchal pari kuedza kana kuenzaniswa kwechipiri II inenge pakati pekusununguka?) Usati waita izvi, tarisa danho rinotevera. Kana maitiro ako asingaoneki ekuongorora (kuongorora ropa kana ultrasound) anokuratidza kuti uri munzvimbo yakanyanya dambudziko panzvimbo pengozi yakadzika, iwe ungaite sei? Kana iwe uchida kuramba uine amniocentesis kana CVS, izvi zvakakosha kuongorora nguva isati yasvika. Kana iwe usingakwanisi kupfuurira ne amniocentesis kana CVS, funga kuti iwe ungatarisana sei nekuziva kuti une ngozi yakawedzerwa paunenge uine pamuviri. Hapana mhinduro yakarurama kana isina kururama. Vamwe vanhu vangave vachitambudzika kuti vazive nezvehuwandu hwehuwandu asi vamwe vangada kuziva kana vane dambudziko rinowedzera kuti vagadzirire.
- Kana iwe uine chirwere chisina kujairika chekuongorora (kana nekuda kwehuwandu hwehutano hunosangana nezera) iwe ungafunga here kuita amniocentesis kana CVS? Nezvidzidzo izvi, zvakakosha kuongorora ruzivo rwaunogona kuwana pamusoro pengozi yemigumisiro yakafanana nekuparara kwemimba. Kunyange zvazvo njodzi yekuparara neamniocentesis yakaderera, ichiripo. Asi tisati tava nemuedzo uyu funga zvaungadai uchiita kuziva zivo uye kana zvingakubatsira iwe. Iwe ungaita chimwe chinhu chakasiyana, somuenzaniso, kufunga nezvekubvisa pamuviri? Kuziva kuti iwe waizova nemwana ane Down syndrome kukubatsira kugadzirira zviri nani pakuberekwa here? Kana, pane kudaro, iwe uri mumwe munhu angashungurudza nepamuviri wako, achiona kuti kuongororwa hakugadziri iwe, asi pane kungoita kuti uzvidye mwoyo?
Iyo Inonyanya Kuongorora Kuberekwa Kwepabonde kweArt Syndrome
Chisarudzo chekuedzwa kwepabonde panguva yekuzvitakura kune munhu oga. Kunyanya kuongororwa kuongororwa kunopa vabereki-kuva-kugutsikana. Zvisinei, apo kuongorora kwekuongorora kunoratidzika zvakanaka, zvinogona kuva kukanganisa-kugumbura. Kuongorora-kuongorora kuongororwa kunowanikwa, asi kune zvimwe njodzi dzinosangana nayo uye zvinotora nguva kuti uwane migumisiro, iyo inogona kuva yakaoma kune vamwe vabereki-kuva. Mukuita sarudzo pamusoro pemhando ipi zvayo yekutariswa kwepabonde panguva yekuzvitakura, zvakakosha kuongorora kuti migumisiro yechipimo inorevei kune iwe uye zvaunogona kuita nemashoko iwayo.
Sources:
Halliday, J., Messerlian, G., naG. Palomaki. Dzidzo yevarwere: Ndinofanira kuva nekuongorora kuongorora Down syndrome panguva yekudzivirira here? (Beyond the Basics). UpToDate . Yashandurwa 08/10/15.