The ABCs of Flu Viruses
Kunyangwe ihwo hutachiwana hunowanzo, kune zvakawanda zvakavhiringidzika pamusoro pehutachiona uye izvo zvisiri. Waiziva here kuti pane marudzi akasiyana-siyana ehutano? Kunyangwe pazvinouya kumwaka wegore, pane mitatu yakasiyana-siyana-mbiri iyo inokonzera chirwere chakakomba vanhu. Dzidza nezvemarudzi ose ehutachiona, maitiro avanoita uye zvavanoreva kwauri.
Seasonal Flu
Chirwere chemwaka chinonzi chirwere chinowanzokonzera chirwere kwemwedzi mishomanana kunze kwegore. Flu yenguva yakasiyana zvichienderana nokuti uri kupi munyika. MuUnited States, kazhinji inowira pakati paOctober naApril. Kune marudzi matatu emirwere yehutachiona inokonzera kupera kwemwaka: A, B, uye C.
Influenza A
Tora A influenza inowanzoita kuti huwandu hwemwaka inokonzerwa nemafungiro emvura. Inowanikwa kuvanhu uye mumhuka. Fluenza A inopararira kubva kumunhu kusvika kumunhu nevanhu vakatotapukirwa. Kubata zvinhu izvo munhu anenge aine hutachiwana akabata (mahombodo, mabheti, foni) kana kuti kunyange ari muimba imwechete iyo munhu, kunyanya kana vachikanganiswa kana kucheka, zvakakwana kuti utapukwe. Kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana akasiyana-siyana ehofu A iyo inoshandiswa kuva subtypes - H uye N - uye kunyange zvakanyanya mumatambudziko akasiyana.
H & N Subtypes
H uye N subtypes yefuruwenza A inobva pane mapuroteni anowanikwa nehutachiona.
Kune marudzi gumi nematanhatu ehemagglutinin (H) mapuroteni uye mapfumbamwe emhando dzakasiyana dzeeuraminidase (N) mapuroteni. Aya ndiwo mazita akaita se "H1N1" kana "H3N2" anowanikwa.
Zvisinei, chirwere cheH1N1 chirwere chakasiyana nokuti chakasikwa kubva pakusanganiswa kwevanhu, nguruve, uye hutachiona hwemhiri.
Kunyangwe ichinyanya kufanana nehutachiona A, huri mutende uye naizvozvo hahuna kufanana nehutano A hunokonzera nguva yechirwere.
Fluenza B
Rudzi rwechipiri B chirwere ndechimwe chirwere chinokonzera kukanganisa kwemwaka. Inowanikwa muvanhu chete. Girafu B inogona kuva yakanyanya kuipa, asi inowanzoipisisa kudarika furuwenza A. Haisi kukonzera mhirizhonga. Girafu B inowanzosanyanya kuderera kupfuura fenza A, asi inogona kunge iine ngozi. Kune marwadzo akasiyana-siyana ehutano B, asi haasi e-ty-typed.
Fluenza C
Rudzi rweC C chirwere, chinokanganisa vanhu chete, chakanyanya kukurira kupfuura marudzi A uye B. Zvinowanzokonzera zvirwere zvekufema zvishoma uye hazvizivikanwe kuti zvakakonzera mhirizhonga dzenguva dzenguva. Vanhu vazhinji vanobata chirwere C vanoziva kuti vane zvimwe zvirwere zvehutachiona hwechirwere nokuti zviratidzo zvakafanana nezvo zvechando.
Flu Pandemic
Chero hutachiwana hwehutachiona hunogona kuva chirwere chekurwara , panguva iyo kune kuwanda kwemahombekombe ekurwara kune vanhu munyika yose munguva shoma shoma. Munguva yakapfuura, zvimwe zvirwere zvinokonzera zvirwere zvakakonzera zvirwere zvakanyanya uye zvakauraya mamiriyoni evanhu, akadai se1918 chirwere chemvura . Zvimwe hazvina kuoma.
H1N1 - Swine Flu
Muchirimo cha2009 , hutachiwana hutsva A virus yakawanikwa muMexico: H1N1, kana chirwere chenguruve .
Yakakurumidza kupararira muNorth America yose, United States uye pasi rose. H1N1 inobatanidza vanhu, nguruve uye shiri dzinopisa. Yakava yekutanga chirwere chepukanana nyika yainge yaona mumakore anopfuura makumi mana.
H5N1 - Bird Flu
H5N1 ndiyo inotakura furuwenza inonzi shiri kana kuti avian flu. Kazhinji inoparadzaniswa pakati pehiri, asi inogona kudarika kubva kune shiri kuenda kune munhu. Iyo haina kupararira kubva kumunhu kumunhu. Apo inokonzera vanhu, chirwere cheshiri chinosangana nechirwere chakakomba zvikuru, miviri yakawanda kusakwanisa, uye kupererwa kwehuwandu hwekufa. Kutaura zvazviri, shiri inopesana yakauraya kudarika hafu yevanhu vanotapukirwa nayo.
Kunyangwe njodzi yako yekubata shiri chirwere ichi chiri pasi, pane humwe kutya kukuru kune H5N1. Kana dambudziko racho richichinja uye rikava hutachiona hunopararira nyore nyore kubva kumunhu kusvika kune munhu, zvinogona kukonzera chirwere chakakomba chirwere.
Chii icho Flu Haisi
Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vazhinji vachiti vane chirwere kana vane zviratidzo zvakadai sekurutsika uye kurambana, izvi zvinowanzokonzerwa ne gastroenteritis. Kazhinji inonzi "chirwere chemumapfudze", gastroenteritis haina kukonzerwa nefiziza uye haina kufanana nehosha iripo zvachose. Fluenza isupiritsi yehutachiona. Kunyange zvazvo zvinogona kukonzera kurutsa nekurambana mune vamwe vanhu, zviratidzo izvi zvinowanzoonekwa muvana.
Sources:
"Marudzi eAppluenza Viruses." Chirwere chemwaka chinosvika 26 Aug 09. Nzvimbo dzeDaase Control and Prevention. 28 Mar.