Bird Flu. Hazvisi zvekuti shiri chete.
Inowanzokonzera shiri nemapurazi, asi dzimwe nguva zvinogona kukanganisa zvakawanda.
Shiri Flu yakawanikwa zvakare kumativi ose enyika, kubva kuChina kusvika kuEgypt kusvika kuBurkina Faso kuIowa. Dzimwe mhando dzinotambudza. Izvozvi, tinotya, tinogona kusanganisa nekubatana kana kuchinja uye kuva dambudziko guru-kwete kungova shiri chete, asi kwatiri isu vanhu.
Mhando dzakasiyana dzeFlu
Kune marudzi akasiyana eFlu . Vamwe vanowanikwa inenge nguva dzose muvanhu. Vamwe vakawanda vari mundhiri kana imbwa kana nguruve. Vamwe vanogona kuyambuka pakati pezvipenyu - uye dzimwe nguva izvi zvinogona kuguma nekuvhenganisa nekufananidza, zvichiita kuti pave nedambudziko rakashata. Dzimwe nguva chirwere ichi chinogona kugara mukati mezvisikwa uye chingave chakapindirana uye / kana chakaipa mukati mezvipenyu.
Pakave kune zvimwe zvinotyisa zvinokonzera Bird Flu. Aya marudzi ari kuwanika achipararira kune shiri dzinoputika uye pamapurazi kumativi ose kubva kuChina kuenda kuEgypt kusvika kuBurkina Faso. ICanada Geese uye mazai eiri yemapurazi emapurazi muUnited States aive nemumwe rudzi.
Aya marudzi eFurm flu inotinetsa isu akawanda ane mazita akaita seH5N1, H5N2, H7N9, H5N6. Vanomhanyira mungozi yekukonzera vanhu zvirwere.
Sei nyaya iyi?
Iyi haisi kungova mubvunzo wekutengesa mazai. Kubatanidza uye kuenzanirana neAird Flu zvinokonzera, kutengesa zvakapoteredza H uye N, zvinogona kuumba dambudziko idzva, rinotyisa.
Imwe fodhi inobata zvirwere zvakawanda (H1N1) uye vamwe vanouraya vazhinji inokonzera (H5N1). Tinotya kuti nerimwe zuva rimwe dambudziko rinogona kuita zvose.
Nyaya dzakawanda dzinokonzera shiri dzinopfuurira dziri pakati pezvinyorwa. Kune matambudziko mashomanana, kunyanya muChina, ayo akwakuka kubva kune shiri kuenda kune munhu ndokubva aenda kune vanhu-kusvika-vanhu kutenderera. Nenzira yakanaka, kwete maitiro akawanda akapararira seizvi - uye matambudziko aya haaratidzi kupararira nokukurumidza zvikuru.
Kutya ndekwokuti imwe nguva, mushure mokuwana mikana yakakwana, kutapurirwa kwechirwere cheshiri kubva kune munhu-munhu kunogona kuva yakanyatsobudirira uye kutungamirira kumhomho huru. Kune mamwe matambudziko - H5N1 uye H7N9 - iyo iri pedyo nekutibata - uye inogona kunge yakaipa kwazvo.
Kana iri Mhiri Flu iri kupararira iye zvino, iwe unofanira kugara uchitevera zvimwechetezvo zvekuchengeteka kwezvokudya iwe unowanzoita - salmonella nedzimwe njodzi dzebhakitiriya. Hazvina zvakawanda pamusoro peiyo ikozvino iye zvino.
Zvaunoda kuziva pamusoro peBird Flu
Pakave nezviitiko zveH5N1 neH7N9 zvinopararira pakati pevanhu. MunaJanuary 2015, mavambo ekutanga evianvian flu (H7N9) akaonekwa muNorth America mumafambi maviri achidzoka achibva kuChina muBritain Columbia, Canada.Vanhu vaiva nehutachiona nehuwandu hweMvura Flu yakapararira pakati pevanhu.
Ndezvipi zvakashungurudza pamusoro pemvura iyi?
Izvozvo zvinogona kukonzera chirwere chinopisa chinotyisa kupfuura mamwe maronda ane fenza. Inogona kukurumidza kukuvadza kuporesa mune vamwe vanhu, kunyange vakawanda vanoita zvakanaka nehutachiona. Kufa kune
yave inenge 1 mu3. Muchikamu, izvi ndezvekuti hutachiona hwakasiyana zvikuru kune vamwe.
Nyeredzi Yedenga inewo hupfumi. Apo shiri inorwara inopwanya mapoka emapurazi, matengo emagetsi anoputika. Mamiriyoni eeshiri anogona kunge akabatwa, sezvaainge ari kuMidwestwest of the US.
Huge yekutengesa mhodzi mapurazi akavhara.
Yakapararira here?
Aihwa . Haisi kupfurikidza zvikuru pakati pevanhu. Izvo hazvina kupararira pavakashanyira zvivako zvehutano kana pavaienda kune ndege. Mukati, ivo vaimhanya vasati vaine zviratidzo zvokuti kwakanga kusina hanya pamusoro payo kupararira ndege kuenda kuCanada.
Zvingaitika zvakare here?
Ehe. Pakave nezviitiko zvinopfuura 500 zveH7N9 kumativi ose enyika - kunyanya kubva kumaodzanyemba China kubva muna March 2013, asiwo kuMalaysia pamwe neHong Kong neTaiwan.
Icho chinogona kupararira kubva kumunhu kumunhu here?
Zvinogoneka, asi hazvina kufanana. Ikoko kunogona kupararira zvishoma kubva kumunhu-kusvika kune munhu, asi kazhinji kunowanzobva kune huku kune vanhu.
Chii chinoita kuti izvi zvisiyane nehosha yegore?
Kune marudzi mazhinji ehutano. Vamwe havatambudzi sevamwe.
Mune vanhu, kune marudzi matatu ehofu. Fluenza Rudzi rweC inokonzera chirwere chekufema chete. Haisi kuiswa muzvirwere. Fluenza Rudzi rungakonzera zvirwere zvepachiviri, asi hazvina matambudziko makuru. Inowanikwa muzvirwere.
Zvose zviri zviviri C uye B zvinopesana nevanhu, asi kwete mhuka dzakawanda. Havana mhuka huru yemhuka.
Fluenza A inoshungurudza. Matambudziko acho akanyorwa neH uye N - akafanana neH5N1, H7N9. Izvi H uye N zvinoshandisa mapuroteni akasiyana (anonzi H ye hemagglutinin uye N ye neuraminidase) pamusoro pehutachiona. Fluenza A inogona kusanganidza uye inopindirana neH uye N iri pakati pematambudziko akasiyana.
Zvose zvinokonzerwa neAvian influenza A. Chirwere chemukoko Chirongwa A. Influenza A inowanikwa kuvanhu, nguruve, uye shiri - kunyanya shiri dzeshiri, semadada, swans, gulls, uye goose, asiwo huku, semakungu. Inowanikwawo mumakungu.
Ndeipi Flu Inosanganisa uye Yakabatana?
Izvi zvinosanganiswa uye zvinokonzera mapuroteni akawanda ehutachiona pane hutachiona hwepasi. Kunyanya, izvi zvinosanganisira 2 mapuroteni: hemagglutinin (H) uye neuraminidase (N). Pane 18 hemagglutinin subtypes (yakanyorwa saH1-18) uye 11 neuraminidase subtypes (N1-N11). Influenza A virusi inotumidzwa netsamba nenhamba idzi, seH7N9 neH1N1. Kunetseka ndechokuti mamwe mapuroteni asingazivikanwi avian influenza zvinogona kusanganiswa uye kufanana nematambudziko muvanhu, kuwedzera kuchinja masimba edu ezvirwere haagoni kuziva uye kutidzivirira.
Fluenza A inogona kutumidzwa sechisimba chomunhu, asi inogonawo kunzi sechisimba kubva kune shiri (kana nguruve). Mhuka yakabva - dhaka, huku, vanhu, nguruve - yakarongerwa kuti ione dambudziko pamwe chete.
Kune dzimwe mhando dzeAvian Flu here?
Hungu, kunyanya, pane H5N1 dambudziko. Panove kune vanhu vanopfuura mazana manomwe ematunhu munyika 15 kubva muna 2003. Kufa kwave kuri 60%. Utachiona hauna kupararira pakati pevanhu. Mhosva dzakabva pakusangana neshiri. Zviitiko zvizhinji zvakaitika mumakore gumi adarika muIndonesia, Vietnam, Cambodia, uye Egypt. Utachiona hwakatanga kuonekwa kuvanhu muHong Kong muna 1997 mushure mokunge marefu evanhu vari kufa mahiri akaonekwa muna 1996 kumaodzanyemba kweChina. Chirwere ichi gare gare chakabuda zvakare muna 2003.
Dzimwe nyika dzakaparadzirwa zvakakura zveH5N1 mumakumbo avo kunosanganisira Bangladesh, China, Egypt, India, Indonesia, uye Vietnam. Shiri dzakawanikwa neH5N1 mune zvikamu zvakawanda zveEurope uye
Africa.
Imwe yerudzi rweH5N1 yakawanikwa mune dhongi rakasvibirirwa munaJanuary 2015 kumadokero kwakadziva kumadokero kweU.S., muhurumende yeWashington. Yakanga isiri iyo imwechete H5N1 yakave ine ngozi kune vanhu uye ndeye
zvakajeka kuti chirwere chii chaizoudza vanhu. Izvo zvave zvakavewo neH5N1 kuputika muBritish Columbia, Canada mune imwe yemombe yekukumba asi kwete pachena kana iyi fomu yeH5N1 ingave yakafanana
inotyisa kuvanhu.
Kwakange kusina hutachiona hwevanhu hunobatanidzwa nehuku dzehutachiwana hutachiwana muNorth America. Zvisinei, hutachiona humwe hwakaonekwa muCanada kune mumwe mufambi anofamba achibva kuBeijing, China uyo akafira munaJanuary 2015. Iyi ndiyo yekutanga uye yega nyaya pane H5N1 iri kuNorth America.
Ikoko kunewo mamwe maruva evian anokonzera vanhu kusanganisira H7N3, H7N7, H9N2, uye H10N8, kunyange zvazvo kupedzisira kwekupedzisira kunotapukira munhu mumwe chete. Ikoko kwakanga kune rufu muna 2015 muChina yemukadzi ari mumakore ekuma30 kubva kuH5N6, iyo kunze kweimwe imwe nyaya yakangobata shiri chete.
Zvimwe zviitiko zveMhando dzeFlu, zvichive mumunhu kana shiri, zvakatanga kuonekwa muAsia, asi ikozvino
akawanikwa munyika yose, kunyanya kune shiri dzinofamba-famba kana mumakimirima.