Zviratidzo Zvokutanga uye Zvisingagumi zveCervical Cancer
Chirwere chemukombomu zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvinosiyana kubva kumukadzi kusvika kumukadzi, kunyange kune kazhinji zviratidzo zvishoma mumatanho ekutanga echirwere chacho. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, zvakakosha zvikuru kuti vakadzi vagamuchire Pap smears nguva dzose, sezvo zvikamu zvekare uye zvinoporesa zvekenza zvinowanzoonekwa chete pasi pekroscope. Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvinofanira kuitwa nemukadzi wese, uye chii chinotevera zviratidzo zvinogona kuratidza kuwedzera kana kudzoka?
Kukosha Kwekuziva Zviratidzo zveCervical Cancer
Zvakakosha kucherechedza pakarepo kuti zviratidzo zvose zvekenza yemukomana zvinogona kuva zviratidzo zveimwe mamiriro ezvinhu zvakare-uye kuti mamwe mamiriro acho echokwadi chiri chikonzero chinowanzovhiringidza chezviratidzo izvi. Asi, sezvo kuponeswa kwechirwere chemuviri wechibereko kuri nani pane izvo zvave zvichizivikanwa, zvakanakisisa kuti uve padivi rakangwarira uye taura nachiremba wako kana iwe uchinge uine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi. Kune rumwe rutivi, zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti chirwere chekenza chepervical screening nePap smears haisi 100 muzana inoshanda pakutsvaga kenza yemukomana. Kana iwe uine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi, taura nachiremba wako kunyange kana Pap yako smear zvitsva zviri zvipenyu.
Tauya rwendo rurefu mukudzivirira nekukurumidza kuziva chirwere chemucheche, nehuwandu hwekufa kubva muchirwere ichi kusvika pasi pe50 kubva muzana kubva muna 1980. Dzimwe nguva zviri nyore kukanganwa kuti kenza yemukomana yakambove yakakonzerwa nekufa kwekenza nekuda kwevakadzi muUnited States.
Isu hatisipo zvakadaro, asi, uye muna 2018 inofungidzirwa kuti vakadzi 13.240 vachaonekwa, uye vanopfuura 4 170 vachafa kubva pane chirwere.
Anatomy yeCervical Cancer uye Kuwirirana Nezviratidzo
Mukufungisisa zviratidzo zvemukenza wechibereki zvinobatsira kuongorora chaiyo chaiyo chivharox chiripo. Muchizvaro-chinonziwo chibereko chechibereko-ndicho chikamu chakanyanya kudarika chechibereko chinosungirirwa kumudzimai.
Iyi nharaunda yemapapiro iriwo musha kune chidimbu uye chikamu chekoloni, uye zviratidzo zvezvirwere mune imwe yezvikamu izvi zvinogona kuwirirana nevamwe.
Kambani yeCervical Cancer Zviratidzo nezviratidzo
Muzhinji wenguva iyo, kushandiswa kusina kuitika mumuromo wechibereko kunowedzera kwemakore akawanda, kunyange zvazvo kanzira yakagadzirwa kwenguva shomanana, kunyange pasi pegore rimwe chete. Sezvo masero emakemikari ari kutarisana nehuwandu hwekuchinja pakuva masero ekenza, zvinogona kuvhara kuti kuve nekuchinja kwekare kunoratidza kuti kenza inogona kuitika. Munguva iyi inochengeterwa kenza yekutanga uye inotanga kunowanzoshoma kana pane zviratidzo.
Precancerous Cells uye Carcinoma Munzvimbo
Izwi rinotsanangura masero esimba anonyanya kuvhiringidza. Ramba uchiyeuka kuti mazhinji aya "masero epamberi" saka haafaniri kuva masero emukenza . Maitiro asina kukodzera masero anowanika paPap smear anonzi chironga chechivharo dysplasia . Iko kuchinjwa kunopiwa "girasi" re1 kusvika kune III zvichienderana nekusaitwa kwemasero. Sezvo Pap smear inoratidza kupararira kwemasero akaunganidzwa mukucheka kwechirwere, aya masero akaoma kuongororesa kupfuura masero akaonekwa pamwechete seanopsy. (Kana iwe uchivhiringidzika pamusoro pemashoko akaita sa ASCUS, LGSIL, HGSIL, uye AGC, dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro peP smear terminology ).
Maitiro asina kukwana masero akawanikwa panguva ye colposcopy uye biopsy inonzi cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) . (Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pekusiyana pakati pemasero akare uye masero emukenza .)
Chikamu chekutanga chechirwere chemuviri wechikwereti chikwata che 0 kana carcinoma in situ . Mune matamu aya, masero haasati apararira kunze kwenharaunda inonzi chivako chepasi uye inonzi isingasviki. Kana kenza yakapararira mberi kwechikamu ichi chemukati-kana iri danho rekutanga kusvika kunechitanhatu IV-inoonekwa sekenza inoparadza.
Kazhinji Zviratidzo Zvinowirirana Nezviratidzo zveCervical Cancer
Chirwere chemukombomu hachiwanzokonzera zviratidzo kusvikira chiremera chisingaiti.
Izwi rokuti invasive harina kureva kuti kenza yakapararira kana kuti iyo yakasvibisa mishonga iri pedyo, inongoreva chete kuti kenza yakapinda nepamuviri wepasi. Kunyange hutachiona ini kenza yemukomana inofungidzirwa kusakonzerwa nedudziro iyi. Zviratidzo zvinowanzosanganisira kubuda ropa, kurwadziwa, nekubuda (ona pasi apa.)
Zvisina kuchena Vaginal Bleeding (Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding)
Kubvisa uterine kubuda ropa ndiyo inonyanya kukosha chiratidzo chekenza yemukomana. Iyi kubuda ropa kunogona kutora maitiro mazhinji kusanganisira:
- Unormal uterine bleeding . Kusveta pakati pekuenda kumwedzi chiratidzo chakakurumbira chepachirwere chechibereki, uye chinogona kuitika chero kupi zvako mumhepo. Kuvhara shure mushure mekuguma kwemwedzi kunofanirwa kunetseka, tichifunga kuti hafu yevakadzi inotanga chirwere chemukondombera mukati mezera, uye 15 muzana yematenda aya anowanikwa mushure memakore makumi matanhatu nemashanu. Kubuda ropa kwaMasopaopausal kunofanira kuongororwa nguva dzose.
- Kuvhima mushure mekuita zvepabonde (mushure mekuita ropa). Kuvhima mushure mekuita zvepabonde-kunyange kana zvishoma-zvinofanira kuongororwa. Kubuda-kushaya ropa kunowanzobatana nedzimwe mamiriro ezvinhu, akadai sehutachiona, asi nguva dzose inofanira kukurudzira kushanyira chiremba wako, kunyange kana kubuda ropa kuri nyore.
- Kuwedzera kumwedzi kunopa ropa . Nguva dzinorema kudarika zvinowanzoitika kana nguva yakare kupfuura yakasarudzika iwe unofanirwa kuudzwa kune chiremba wako. Ramba uchifunga kuti mukadzi wese akasiyana. Semuenzaniso, nguva dzinopera mazuva mashanu dzinogona kunge dziri hanya kune mumwe munhu ane nguva dzinogara mazuva maviri kana kuti kune munhu ane nguva dzinogara mazuva 9.
Izvi zvinokonzera kubuda ropa dzimwe nguva zvakanaka uye zvinogona, dzimwe nguva, kuzvirambidza nyore nyore. Iva nechokwadi chekutaura nachiremba wako kana iwe uchicherechedza kunyange nzvimbo shoma yeropa panguva yausina nguva yako.
Pelvic Pain
Uturu hwepelvic hunogona kuva chiratidzo chekenza yemucheche asi kune zvimwe zvinokonzera zvinokonzerawo. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti kurwadziwa kwepachiviki kunogona kuva chiratidzo chekutanga chekenza yevana ; kenza iyo iri nyore zvakare kurapa mukutanga kwechirwere ichi uye yakagadzirirwa "muurayi anyerere" nokuda kwekushayikwa kwezviratidzo mumavambo ekutanga. Zvinonyanya kukonzera kurwadziwa kwepachivi, zvisinei, zvinhu zvakashata, zvakadai sepamuviri-yakabatana. Uturu hwepelvic hungave hunogara huripo kana huri pakati, hunopinza kana huri hunyoro uye huny, uye hunowanikwa mukati mako kana kupararira mukati mamuviri wako uye kumashure.
Nhamo panguva yepabonde , iyo inonziwo dyspareunia inogonawo kuva chiratidzo chekenza yemucheche. Kushungurudzika panguva yepabonde iyo inopfuurira inofanira kugara ichiongororwa, zvose nekuda kwemuviri mamiriro ezvinhu angave ane mhosva, uye nekuda kwekunetseka kwepfungwa kunogona kuva nako.
Vaginal Discharge
Kusasvibiswa kwepabonde kwechikadzi ndeimwe imwe chiratidzo inogona kuitika yekenza yemucheche, kunyange chiratidzo ichi chine zvimwe zvakawanda (uye zvinowanikwa) zvinokonzera zvakare. Ikoko zvinogona kunge zvisingasviki kunhuhwirira kunobatanidza nekubuda, uye kubudiswa kunogona kunge kune mhando ipi zvayo, chiedza kana chakaremera, chimiro kana nguva dzose. Zvose, kubuda kwechikadzi nekuda kwekenza kunowedzera kuva tsvuku tsvuku muvara, asi izvi zvinogona kusiyana zvikuru.
Vakawanda vakadzi vane vagunha panguva imwechete, uye nguva yakawanda iyi inobatana nehutachiona hunochinja. Kana uine hanya iwe unogona kutarisa mazano aya paunenge uchiona chiremba wako nekubuda kwemudzimai.
Gare gare Zviratidzo zveCervical Cancer
Kune zvikamu zvina zvakasiyana zvechirwere chepachirwere chemhondi . Zviratidzo zvezvikamu zvakakwirira kana kufambira mberi kwekenza yemukomana kunogona kukanganisa nzvimbo zhinji dzomuviri.
Zvimwe zvezviratidzo izvi zvinogona kunge zvakabatana nekuchinja kwemasabetism anokonzerwa nekenza, sekushaya kurasika kwekushaya masimba (kurasikirwa kwemazana mashanu emuviri wepamusoro pamwedzi we6 kusvika ku12), kuneta, uye kuora mwoyo.
Zviratidzo zvine chokuita nekukura kwemazana mumapete emapanga zvinogona kusanganisira kurwadziwa kwekumusoro (kunogona kuwedzera mumakumbo). Kushushikana kubva mumarara mumakumbo emakumbo kunogona kukonzera kupfugama mune rimwe kana makumbo maviri. Zviratidzo zvechirwere uye chechirwere zvichibva pakurwadziwa nekugunzva kana kutenderera kwemafupa kusvika pakuvharidzira kunogona kuitika.
Kana chirwere chemuchechi chinopararira ( metastasizes ) kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzomuviri, zviratidzo zvingave zvakabatana nenharaunda yairi kupararira. Semuenzaniso, kurwadziwa kwepfupa uye kumashure kunogona kuitika kana kenza yemumuromo inopararira kumapfupa uye kukohwa kunogona kuitika kana ichipararira kumapapu .
Zvaungaita Kana Une Cervical Cancer Zviratidzo
Kana uri kurwara zvirwere zvepachirwere chechirwere, sarudza nguva yako newaini yehutano. Kazhinji kazhinji zviratidzo izvi zvichabatana nedzimwewo, mamiriro mashoma, asi chirwere chemucheche chinoporesa zvikuru kana chikabatwa mukutanga.
Paunoita sarudzo yako, uyo akagamuchira vaparidzi achakumbira chikonzero chekushanya kwako. Iva nechokwadi chekumuudza nezvezviratidzo zvako. Izvi zvinogona kusarudza kuti nokukurumidza unofanira kuona chiremba wako. Kana iwe uchinzwa usina kunetseka kutaura neanogamuchirwa nezvezviratidzo zvako, kumbira kutaura nemureri.
Usati wagadzwa, nyora zviratidzo zvako. Itaiwo mashoko akadai sekuti uye nguva yakawanda sei unowana zviratidzo, ndeipi mishonga (kana iripo) kuderedza zviratidzo, uye kwenguva yakareba sei wave uine zviratidzo. Zvose izvi ruzivo zvichabatsira chiremba wako kuti aongorore zvakakodzera.
Ngozi dzeCervical Cancer
Kuva nechimwe chikonzero chekukuvadza kunogona kuwedzera mungozi yako yekuita kenza yemukomana, asi vanhu vakawanda vanoita chirwere chekenza chechirwere havana mungozi. Kana uine chimwe chezviitiko izvi zvinogona kuisa njodzi, zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wekuti zviratidzo zvako zvinoshushikana, asi taura nachiremba wako kunyange iwe usina zvimwe izvi. Zviitiko zvinowedzera mukana wekenza yemukomana zvinosanganisira:
- Nhoroondo yehutachiona hweHIVV
- Kusvuta
- Kuva nehuwandu hwevana (hukama hwepamusoro)
- Muviri wechirongwa chekudzivirira muviri (semuenzaniso, kubva kuHIV kana kenza chemotherapy)
- Kuita zvepabonde achiri muduku
- Kuva nenhamba yakakura yevabonde
- Kubudisa zviratidzo kune diethylstilbestrol (DES) mu utero (KUZIVA ngozi kune imwe nzira isingawanzo kenza yemukondombera inonzi clear cell cervical cancer asi isati yashandiswa muU.S. kubva muna 1971)
Cervical Cancer Screening
Sezvambotaurwa, kuuya kwePap smear kuongororwa kwekenza yemukomana kwakagadzirisa chiyero chekufa kubva muchirwere kubva muna 1980. Iva nechokwadi chekutevera mazano ekuongorora, asi ramba uchiyeuka kuti aya ndiwo mazano anogadzirirwa vanhu vakawanda. Panogona kuva nezvikonzero zvekuongorora (kana kuti kwete kuongorora) iwe somunhu asina kuvharwa pasi pezvirevo izvi. Zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti kuongorora kuongororwa kune vanhu vanoita zviratidzo-vasina zviratidzo zvehosha. Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo zvakanyorwa pakutanga, mimwe miedzo inogona kudiwa kunze kwekufungisisa Pap smear. Kana usina chokwadi kana uchida kuedzwa uku, tarisa mitsara iyi yekenza yemukenza yekuongorora .
Kuongorora Chirwere cheCervical Cancer
Kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana umo kenza yemukomana inowanikwa. Tarisa uongorori uhwu hunoshandiswa kuongororwa nekenza yemukomana .
Shoko kubva
Sezvakataurwa pamusoro apa, zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa zvekenza yemukomana kune zvimwe zvinokonzera zvinokonzera zvakare. Kazhinji kacho, kubata kuchawana kuti zviratidzo zvako zvakabatana nechimwe chakasiyana, uye zvakanyanya kuderera. Chirevo "chinonyatsochengetedzwa kupfuura kusuruvara" chinogona kuva mantra yakanakisisa kana iwe uine zviratidzo zvingave zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekenza ipi zvayo .
Paunenge uchitaura nachiremba wako pamusoro pezviratidzo zvako, yeuka kuti mishonga haisi yesayenzi uye nyeredzi yesayenzi. Kana uine chirongwa cheP Pap smear asi kwete tsanangudzo yezviratidzo zvako, taura nachiremba wako. Kana iwe uchiramba uine zviratidzo zvisingatsanangurwi kana kuti zvimwe unonzwa uchinetseka, bvunza mimwe miedzo kana kukumbira mhinduro yechipiri. Iva iwe pachako mutsigiri wehutano hwako.
> Sources:
> America Cancer Society. Nhamba Dzakakosha dzeCervical Cancer. Updated 01/04/18. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/cervical-cancer/about/key-statistics.html
> America Society of Oncology. Cervical Cancer: Symptoms and Signs. Updated 07/2017. https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/cervical-cancer/symptoms-and-signs
> National Cancer Institute. Cervical Cancer Treatment (PDQ) - Health Professional Version. Updated 01/31/17. https://www.cancer.gov/types/cervical/hp/cervical-treatment-pdq