Kugadzirira uye Nzira Dzakabatanidzwa muGender Reassignment Surgery
Kana iwe kana munhu waunoda achifunga nezvekuvhiya reassignment chirwere, iwe unenge uchida kuziva kuti matanho aunofanira kuitei musati mavhiya aigona kuitwa. Ngatitarise zvinodiwa kuti uve mukana wokuvhiya aya, izvo zvinogona kuitika uye migumisiro yemahara hormonal, pamwe nemhando dzekuvhiya zviripo.
Kuita zvekuita zvepabonde Kurapa (SRS)
Kuvhima kwevakadzi pamwe chete (GRS), inonyatsozivikanwa kuti chirwere chekuita zvekuita zvepabonde (SRS) chinoshandiswa kuchinja vanhu vane chirwere chechikadzi chinonzi dysphoria kumurume wavo anozivikanwa.
Nhoroondo yekare, izwi rokuti transsexual rakashandiswa kurondedzera mumwe munhu akanga aine rumwe rudzi rwekurapa kana kurapwa kwehutano hwekugariswa kwevakadzi. Izvi zvinogona kuva apo mudzimai we transgender achishandura kubva kune murume kana mukadzi kana kana murume we transgender achitendeuka kubva kumukadzi kusvika kumurume.
Kusiyana pakati pe "Transgender" uye 'Transsexual'
"Transgender" inoreva kune vanhu vanozivikanwa nehutano hunopesana nehuyo hwakagadzirirwa pakuberekwa. Izvo huwandu hunowanikwa huzhinji hunoenderana nekuonekwa kwekunze kwenhengo dzomukati. Vanhu veTransgender vanogona kana kuti vangave vasati vasangana nekuvhiya zvekuita zvekuita zvepabonde. Transgenderism yakanyorwa kubvira kare kare.
"Transsexual" inoreva kune avo vanotsvaka kana kuti vakavhiyiwa kana kurapwa kuti vachinje maitiro ekuberekwa kwavo kwepabonde senzira yekuderedza hutano hwehutachiwana hwehutano.
Zvikonzero Zvinoita Kuti Munhu Aite Zvepabonde Kudzokorora Kurapa
Vakawanda vanopesana nevanhu vanoona kusangana kwepabonde pakati pevarume vane ruzivo rwevakadzi uye avo vakagoverwa.
IAmerican Psychiatric Association (APA) yakaratidza izvi segender dysphoria. Gender dysphoria inogona kukonzera vanhu kuti vatambure zvikuru uye kuora mwoyo kwehutano hwevanhu uye hwevanhu. Kune ava vanhu, hutano hwebonde huchichinja, hormone therapy, uye chirwere chekuita zvekuita zvepabonde vanobvumira kuboneka kwavo kwekunze kufanana nezvavanonzwa mukati.
Kuchinja kune imwe Gender
"Kuchinja" kune rumwe ruzivo kunogona kusanganisira:
- Kupfeka uye kurarama muhutano hwemadzimai hunoenderana nehutano hwavo kunze kwekuvhiyiwa.
- Kutora sex hormone uye / kana kukwanisa kubvisa kana kuchinja zviito zvemuviri uye nhengo dzinobereka.
Matanho Anodiwa Asati Aita Zvepabonde Kudzokororazve kana kuti Kurapa-Kuratidza Kuvhiya
Mukuwedzera pane kunzwisisa kwakakwana kwemaitiro, mahomoni, nezvimwe zvipingamupinyi zvinosanganiswa mumhando idzi dzekushanda, pane mamwe matanho anofanirwa kuitwa kana chirwere chisati chaitwa. Matanho anodiwa angasanganisira:
- Kuongorora kwehutano hwepfungwa: Kuongororwa kwehutano hwepfungwa kunofanirwa kutarisa zvinetso zvehutano zvepfungwa zvinogona kukanganisa mafungiro evanhu, uye kuongorora kugadzirira kwevanhu kuti vaite zvinetso zvepanyama uye zvekunetseka kwekuchinja.
- Ive magwaro akajeka uye asingagadziki evanhukadzi zvepabonde.
- Chiitiko che "hupenyu chaihwo": Munhu wacho anofanira kutora chikamu chebonde raanoda mumabasa ezuva nezuva, zvose zvevanhu uye zvehutano (inozivikanwa se "chiitiko chaiye-hupenyu" kana "kuedza-upenyu chaihwo").
Basa reHormone Therapy muKushandura
Kuvanhu vanokanganisa kurara zvekuita zvekuita zvepabonde, hormone therapy (HT), inonziwo hormone replacement therapy (HRT), inosanganisira kutora estrogen kumurume kuchienda kuchikadzi kana kuti testosterone kumusikana kumurume kuchinja.
Utachiona hweHormone hunogona kushandiswa kare, panguva, uye mushure mekushandura kunoitwa kune mumwe mukadzi.
Chinangwa chema hormone therapy ndechekushandura chitarisiko chechimiro chechimiro chechikadzi chinoda.
Migumisiro yeTesttosterone pamusoro pevakadzi
Apo mukadzi wechizvaro anotanga kutora testosterone , kuchinja kunosanganisira zvose kuderedzwa kwevakadzikadzi zvekuita zvepabonde uye kuwedzera kwehukama hwepabonde hwevarume.
Bodily change inosanganisira:
- Nendebhe uye mashacheche kukura
- Kuwedzera kwezwi
- Kuwedzera kwe clitoris
- Kuwedzerwa kwekuwedzera kwemvere dzemaviri
- Kuwedzera kwemisasa masimba nesimba
- Wedzera kuwanda kwemasero matsvuku eropa
- Kudzorerwa kwemafuta kubva pamazamu, mahudyu, uye mahudyu kusvika kumimba
- Kubudirira kwezvinyama, zvakafanana nehutano hwehupombwe
- Kuchengeta kana kurasikirwa kwebvudzi kunzvimbo, kunyanya patemberi uye korona yemusoro
- Atrophy ye chibereko uye mavhai, zvichiguma nekushaya kukwanisa kuva nevana
Kuchinja maitiro kunosanganisira:
- Kukanganiswa
- Kuwedzera kwepabonde motokari
Migumisiro yeEstrogen Pamurume
Apo murume wechizvaro anotanga kutora estrogen , kuchinja kunosanganisira zvose kuderedzwa kwehutano hwehutano hwevanhu uye kuwedzerwa kwevanhukadzi.
Kuchinja kumunhu kunosanganisira:
- Kukura kwebonde
- Kurasikirwa kwekurohwa
- Shrinkage yematendi
- Yakaderera acne
- Kupera kwebvudzi remuviri nemuviri
- Kuderedza musimba masimba nesimba
- Ganda rakanyanya uye rakanyorova
- Kupera kwema balding
- Kudzorerwa kwemafuta kubva pamimba kusvikira muchiuno, mahudyu, uye mabako
Kuchinja maitiro kunosanganisira:
- Kuita zvepabonde kukanganisa
- Maitiro anofamba
Ndeipi Iyo Migumisiro yeHermone Therapy Inozivikanwa?
Izvozvo zvinokonzera kusangana kweesrogen uye masculinizing zvinokonzera testosterone zvinogona kuonekwa mushure mokutanga mazana emitambo, kunyange zvingava makore anoverengeka munhu asati agadziriswa zvakajeka. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika pamucheto wekurera.
Kurara kwekuita zvekuita zvezvepabonde kunotora nguva yakareba sei?
Kuvhiya kunononoka kusvikira gore rimwe chete mushure mekutanga kwema hormone therapy uye zvinenge makore maviri mushure mekuongorora kwehutano hwepfungwa. Kana imwe nzira yekuvhiya ichitanga, nguva yakawanda kusvikira pakupera inopesana zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemirairo inoda, nguva yekudzikinura, nezvimwe.
Kuvhiya Kunobatanidzwa Mukushandura Kubva Kumurume Nomukadzi
Kazhinji kacho, kuvhiyiwa kunobatanidzwa mukuvhiya kwekuita zvepabonde kunoputsika kune izvo zvinoitika pamusoro pebhanhire (chirwere chepamusoro) uye avo vari pasi pebhanhire (chirwere chepasi). Haasi munhu wose anovhiyiwa ose aya, asi nzira dzingafungidzirwa dzakanyorwa pasi apa.
Kuvhiyiwa kwepamusoro kunosanganisira:
- Breast augmentation
- Facial feminization
- Kuvhiyiwa kwemisero: Rhinoplasty inogona kuitwa kuderedza mhino uye kuchenesa chidimbu.
- Mashizha: Kusimudza mapfupa kunogona kuitwa kuti uite feminise kuvhara uye nzvimbo yejasi.
- Kuvhiyiwa kwemajaya: Mutsara wejaya unogona kuveurwa pasi kuti uve wechikadzi.
- Chin kuderedza: Chikadzi chimiro chemukati kazhinji chinowedzera kuoma, saka chinoderedza chinogona kuitwa.
- Cheekbones: Cheekbones inogona kukurudzirwa, kazhinji kuburikidza nejekgenji injections uyewo mamwe maitiro ekuvhiya epurasitiki.
- Miromo: Muromo unosimudza unogona kuitwa.
- Kusika kwechishongo chemvere chemai.
- Mhando dzebvudzi rinosunungura
- Kugadziriswa kweapuro yaAdam
- Inzwi rinoshandura kuvhiyiwa
Kuvhiyiwa kwepasi kunosanganisira:
- Kubviswa kwepenis (penectomy) uye scrotum (orchiectomy)
- Kusika kwemukadzi nemadzimai (feminising genitoplasty)
Kuvhiya Ipi Kunobatanidzwa Mukushandura Kubva Kumukadzi Nomukadzi?
Sezvo nemurume kuchinja chechikadzi, kuita zvepabonde kunoshandiswa kunovhiya kunosanganisira chirwere chepamusoro uye chirwere chepasi.
Kuvhiyiwa kwepamusoro kunosanganisira:
- Subcutaneous mastectomy / breast reduction chirwere
Kuvhiyiwa kwepasi kunosanganisira:
- Kubviswa kwechibereko chepamuviri uye mavhai
- Zvisikwa zvepenis uye soprotum (masculinizing genitoplasty)
Matambudziko uye Matambudziko Akaoma
SRS haisi mungozi uye zvinetso. Estrogen therapy yave ichibatanidzwa nehuwandu hwepamusoro hwekuvhara ropa ( yakadzika vein thrombosis uye pulmonary emboli ) yevakadzi ve transgender. Panewo mungozi inogona kuwedzerwa yekenza yemazamu, uye kunyange pasina mahomoni tinoziva kuti varume vanogonawo kukura kenza yemvere. Testosterone inoshandiswa nevarume ve transgender yakabatanidzwa nekuwedzera kweropa, kusuruvara kwekuchengetedza, uye kushaya muviri, asi hazvizivikanise kuti basa iri rinoshandiswa sei pakuvandudza zvirwere zvemoyo.
Nekuvhiyiwa, kune ngozi dzekuvhiya dzakadai sekubuda ropa uye utachiona, pamwe nemigumisiro yeanesthesia . Vaya vari kufunga nezvemishonga iyi vanofanira kunge vachikurukurirana zvakananga nachiremba wavo pamusoro pezvinetso zvinogona kuenderana nehommone therapy pamwe nekuvhiya.
Kunyanya Kuita Zvepabonde Kudzokorora Kupihwa (SRS) Mari?
SRS inogona kunge yakagadzirisa mari yakawanda kune vanhu vakawanda vanodarika. Mariro dzinosanganisira kupiwa mazano, mahomoni, electrolysis, uye maitiro zvinogona kusvika kune $ 100,000. Icho chinodhura zvakanyanya kudhura kuchinja kubva kumurume kusvikira kumukadzi kudarika kubva kumukadzi kusvika kumurume. Inishuwarenzi yehutano dzimwe nguva inofukidza chikamu chemari. Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pekushandiswa kweinishuwarenzi uye nemitemo yeWPATH maererano nekugadzirisa zvekuita zvechikadzi.
Unhu hwehupenyu Shure kweBonde reassignment chirwere
Unhu hwehupenyu hunoratidzika kuti hunovandudzwa mushure mekuita chirwere chechikadzi-kuvimbisa kwevanhu vose vanochinja kubva kumadzimai kusvika kune varume uye avo vanochinja kubva kumurume kusvika kumukadzi. Chimwe chimwe 2017 chidzidzo chakawana kuti kugutsikana kwekugadzirira kwakavapo kubva 94 kubva kune zana kusvika kuzana muzana. Sezvo kune zvikwereti zvakawanda uye dzimwe nguva mavhivhi asinganzwisisiki anobatanidzwa, nhamba iyi inotsigira zvibatsiro zveSRS kune avo vanofunga kuti ndiyo sarudzo yavo yakanakisisa.
Pasi Payo Pamusoro pekuita zvezvepabonde Kudzokorora chirwere
Kuvhiya zvekare zvekuita zvepabonde inzira yakareba iyo inotanga nekupa mazano uye kuongorora kwehutano hwepfungwa kuti uone kana munhu zvakajeka ane chirwere chepabonde dysphoria. Mushure mokunge izvi zvakakwana, utachiona hunotanga ne testosterone kune avo vanochinja kubva kumadzimai kuenda kune varume uye estrogen kune avo vanochinja kubva kumurume kusvika kumukadzi. Zvimwe zvekuchinja kwepanyama uye maitiro zvinobatanidza nehutoni zvakanyorwa pamusoro apa.
Pashure pokurapa hormone kwave ichienderera mberi kwegore rimwe chete, nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzokuvhiya dzingafungidzirwa. Izvo zvakaputsika mukati "kumusoro" nzira uye "pasi" nzira.
SRS inodhura, asi kuongororwa kwakajeka kwakaoma pamusana pezvinhu zvakasiyana siyana zvinosanganisira zvinogoneka zvinetso uye nhamba uye zviyero zvekuvhiyiwa zvakasarudzwa. Kuwana chiremba anovhiya anotarisa kuRSS oga uye akaita zvakawanda zveizvi nzira ndeyekuwedzera.
Kune avo vanotevera kuburikidza nekugadzirisa matanho aya, kurapa kwehomoni, nekuvhiya, hupenyu hwehupenyu hunoita sehuno, uye vanhu vazhinji vanotaura kuti vachazopinda SRS zvakare.
> Sources:
> American Psychological Association. Transgender People, Gender Identity, uye Gender Expression. http://www.apa.org/topics/lgbt/transgender.aspx
> Colebunders, B., Brondel, S., D'Arpa, S., Hoebeke, P., uye S. Monstrey. Chimwe Chinhu Pamusoro Pokuvhiyiwa Kwokurapa kweVatenda veTransgender. Kuita zvepabonde . 2017. 5 (1): 103-109.
> Akabatwa, C., Harfouch, O., Marvel, F., Blumenthal, R., Martin, S., uye M. Mukherjee. Dambudziko reMwoyo Pakati peTransgender Adults Kuwana Hormone Therapy: Chiitiko Chinyorwa. Anals of Internal Medicine . 2017. 167 (4): 256-267.
> van de Grift, T., Elaut, E., Cerwenka, S., Cohen-Kettenis, P., uye B. Kreukels. Kugutsikana Nokugadzirira, Upenyu Hwehupenyu, uye Kushamwaridzana Kwazvo Pashure Pechirume-Kusimbisa Kuvhiya: Chidzidzo Chekutevera. Zvinyorwa zveBonde uye Mishonga yekurapa . 2017 May 4. (Epub mberi kwekudhinda).