Kuenzanisa Mhando dzeMastectomy Surgery

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Chii chinonzi Mastectomy? Kuvhiya Kunotsanangurwa

Kushandiswa kwepabonde ndiko kubviswa kwechifuva.

Ihwo huzhinji hwakawanda hwemastectomies hunoitwa kuvakadzi sekenza yekurapa kwepabonde , kunyange zvazvo varume vanogona kuve nekenza yemvere uye vanoda nzira, zvakare. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, lumpectomi inogona kuva imwe nzira yekuvhiya inosarudzwa nevarwere. Vaya vane kenza yakawanda yemazamu vangada kubatana pamwe chete , ndiko kubviswa kwevamwe kana kuti zvose zvisikwa muzvipfuva zvose.

Vamwe varume vane chirwere chinonzi gynecomastia , umo mafupa emvere anowedzera kukura, sarudza mastectomy yezvinotapira zvinangwa.

Iko kune marudzi akawanda emasikitomu. Chisarudzo chekuti mastectomy inofanira kuitwa chii chinofanira kuitwa nekubatsirwa kwechiremba chiremba achiita mastectomy, oncologist uye chiremba wepurasitiki achiita kuvakwa. Mamwe maitiro angave asingagoni kukwaniswa, zvichienderana nenzvimbo uye kuoma kwekenza. Zvido zvepfungwa zvemuurwere zvinofanirawo kuyerwa.

Chisarudzo chekugadzirwa kwemazamu kunoshandiswa kunofanira kuitwa musati wambovhiyiwa mastectomy yaitwa. Iyo yekuvakwa inogona kukwanisa kuitika mushure mekuita mastectomy kana pane imwe nguva inotevera.

Kuvhiyiwa kunoitwa pasi pehuwandu hweanesthesia uye kazhinji inopedza maawa maviri kusvika ku3, kunyange zvazvo zvingatora nguva yakareba kana nzira yekubvisa lymph nodes yakarongwa kana kuvhiyaniswa kwekuvandudzwa kuri kuitwa pakarepo mushure mekuita mastectomy.

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Simple Mastectomy (Total Mastectomy)

Mastectomy iri nyore, iyo inozivikanwawo seyemastectomy yose, inoratidzira iyo inobvisa zvose zvemazamu zvezamu zvezamu rakabatwa. Nzira yakajairika yekuvhiya, iyo inonzi inotsika mastectomy yose, inosanganisira kubviswa kweasola uye mbiru. Zvisinei, kuvhiwa kunogona kuitwa kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kweganda uye mbambo. Inobvisawo musumbu pasi pezamu yakasara yakasimba.

Nzira yacho inoshandiswa kushandiswa kwei-elliptical incision 6 kusvika 8 inches murefu inotanga mukati mukati mezamu, pedyo nehombodo, uye inowedzera kumusoro nekunze kune armpit. Iyo incision inogonawo kugadziriswa kuti ibvise zvisikwa zvitsvuku kubva pane zvaiitwa kare, izvo zvingagadzirisa zvinokonzera kugadzirisa kana kugadziriswa kuchidiwa.

Kana kamuviri kamuviri kacho kakabviswa , iyo yakavharwa yakavharwa pamwe chete nesutti inokonzerwa , iyo muviri inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, kana kuti zvinyorwa zvinobviswa pahofisi kushanyira mazuva gumi nemasere mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Ikoko kunogonawo kuva nekudhonza, chigadziro chinobatsira kubvisa zvinodhaka zvakanyanya kubva mumuviri kuti zvikurudzire kuporesa uye kuderedza kupfugama, panzvimbo. Izvo zvinenge zvichange zviri pasi pebhanhire kuitira kuchengetedza nzvimbo yekuvhiya uye kubvisa kuiswa. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kudhonza kuchabviswa pahofisi mushure mekunge vabuda kuchipatara.

Apo urwu urwu hwemastectomi hunosanganiswa nemamwe nzira yekubvisa lymph nodes kubva pasi pesimba iyo inonzi yakashandurwa radical mastectomy . Izvo, zvakare, inogona kuwirirana nehutano hwekudzidzira.

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Modified Radical Mastectomy

A modified radical mastectomy chirwere chemastectomi chinosanganisira kubviswa kwezvose zvinenge zvemazamu kubva pachifuva chakakanganiswa ne lymph node kubviswa kubva pamakumbo kune rumwe rutivi rwemuviri. Izvi zvinowanzobatanidza kubviswa kwemberi pamwe neotola, asi kuvhiwa kunogona kuitwa kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kweganda uye mbiriso.

Kungofanana nechirwere chisina kuchena, nzira yacho inoshandiswa uchishandisa elliptical incision 6 kusvika 8 masendimita murefu inotanga mukati mukati mezamu, pedyo nefupa, uye rinowedzera kumusoro nekunze kumusoro weArmpit. Iyo incision inogonawo kugadziriswa kuti ibvise zvisikwa zvitsvuku kubva pane zvaiitwa kare, izvo zvingagadzirisa zvinokonzera kugadzirisa kana kugadziriswa kuchidiwa.

Kana kamuviri kamuviri kacho kakabviswa, kuvharwa kwakapfigwa pamwe chete kana sutures inenge isina simba kana kuti zvinyorwa zvinobviswa pahofisi kushanyira mazuva gumi kusvika ku14 mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Ikoko kunogonawo kuva nemvura munzvimbo kuitira kuderedza kuwanda kwekudzimba munzvimbo. Izvi zvinoputirwa nemabhanhire kuti dzichengetedze nzvimbo yekudzikisa uye kushandiswa kwekuiswa. Izvo zvinoshandiswa zvinowanzobudiswa mushure mekubuda kubva kuchipatara nechiremba wechiremba panguva yekushanya kwehofisi mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

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Radical Mastectomy (Halsted Mastectomy)

Mastectomy yakakura, inozivikanwawo seHalsted mastectomy, haisi nzira inowanzoitwa. Kunyange zvazvo kuvhiyiwa uku kwakanga kuri muitiro wekutarisira munguva yakapfuura, ikozvino kunongoitwa chete kune varwere vakagadzira kenza yepamu iyo yakapinda murusvingo rwemasisita pasi pezamu dzemazamu.

Kungofanana nedzimwe mhando dzekuita mastectomy, mastectomy yakakura inobvisa zvose zvemazamu zvezamu zvezamu rakabatwa. Inobvisawo nhengo dzese dzemafiriri pasi pemaoko kune rumwe rutivi rwakavhiringidzika uye musumbu uri pasi pezamu. Chega ganda raidiwa kuti rivhare tsvina rinosara panzvimbo.

Iyi nzira haifaniri kuonekwa yakakosha kune varwere vane kenza haina kupinda mumuviri.

Ukuvhiyiwa kunoonekwa sekunonyanya kushandiswa kwemastectomy nzira, zvichisiya zvidiki zvishoma kunze kweganda pamusoro pemapfupa emiti. Chirwere chakasara mushure mekuvhiyiwa uku kwakasvika masendimita matanhatu kusvika masere, uye ine ganda rakakwana rakasara kuti rivhare incision ne sutures kana shandi.

Chiremba anovhiya anogonawo kuisa mvura mumharaunda yekuvhiya iyo, sezvimwe mune dzimwe nzira, ichafukidzirwa kuchengetedzwa uye gare gare inobviswa nachiremba chiremba panguva yekushanya kwehofisi.

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Nyoka-uye Ganda-Kuparadzira Mastectomy Techniques

Nzira uye kugadzirwa kweganda zvinogona kushandiswa mukubatana nevakawanda mastectomy kuvhiyiwa kuchengetedza ganda rinopfuura rinowanikwa mumatare evanhu. Nhungamiro yakawanda yekuchengetedza mutsara, isola, uye ganda rinowedzera ndeizvi: Nzvimbo yekenza inofanira kunge inenge inenge masendimita maviri kubva kune mhuka inofanira kuponeswa. Nokudaro, murwere ane kenza inogunzva ganda kana mbambo ingadai isiri mukana wokuti mishonga iyoyo ichengetwe mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

Ganda Kuparadzira Mastectomy

Iyi nzira inochengetedza ganda rezamu, asi kwete mhondi uye isola, iyo inobviswa. Mhuka dzemazamu dzinobva dzabviswa munzvimbo iyoyo. Kune vakadzi vane mazamu makuru, kuwedzera kuwedzerwa kunogona kuitwa kuti kubvumira nyama yemazamu ibudiswe, asi ruzhinji rweganda rinosara mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

Nyoka Kuchengeta Mastectomy

Iko kusvitsa kubvisa mafupa emvere kunoshandiswa kumativi ose ariola, nokudaro kuchengetedza zvose nyoka uye isola. Iyi nzira, kufanana nekugadziriswa kweganda, inogona kukonzera kuwedzera kukuru kudarika zvakakosha mumitambo yemagariro, kunyanya kana chifuva chikuru muhukuru.

Zvose Ganda-Kuisa Mastectomy

Iyi nzira, iyo inozivikanwawo semusana mastectomy, kwete kungochengetedza ganda rezamu asi chikozo uye isola, zvakare. Iko kusvitsa kubvisa mafupa emvere kunogona kuiswa mumupfu pasi pemazamu iyo iyo isingagoni kuonekwa nyore nyore kamwechete apo yapodzwa, kana kuvharwa kunogona kuve kwakapoteredza isola.

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Mushure mokunge Mastectomy Surgery

Kubudirira kubva pakuvhiyiwa kwemastectomy kunotanga muPACU, kana kutumira anesthesia care unit, apo murwere anoongororwa apo anesthesia zvinodhaka zvinopera. Mushure mokunge, murwere wacho anotorwa kuenda kuchipatara umo anogona kuongororwa nokuda kwezvinetso zvemaawa 34 kusvika ku 48 mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

Panguva yekudzoka, zuva rekutanga kusvika kumapfumbamwe richava rinorwadza zvikuru, nekurwadziwa kunononoka zuva rimwe nerimwe shure kwaizvozvo. Zvakanakisisa kudzivisa chero rudzi rwebasa rinobatanidza kusunungura, sezvinoitika, munguva yekudzorera. Kusimudza kunoodza mwoyo panguva ino, sekusimudza maoko pamusoro pemusoro, izvo zvinogona kuisa dambudziko pamusana pekudzikisa uye kukonzera marwadzo akawanda.

Kuora mwoyo shure kwekuongororwa kwekenza yebonde, kana pasina kana kuvhiyiwa, chinetso kuvarwere vakawanda. Kushungurudzika kunogona kuita kuti zvive zvakaoma kumurwere kuti adzoke kubva pakuberekwa kana kutora chikamu mukuita sarudzo dzakabatana. Inogonawo kukonzera kuneta kwokuti varwere vanonzwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa uye chemotherapy uye mahara. Zviri nyore kuvhiringidza zviratidzo zvekugara zvakagadziriswa kubva pakuvhiyiwa, saka zvinokosha kuti uzive nezviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo .

Panyama, murwere asina chirwere chinokonzerwa nemapiritsi anofanira kukwanisa kudzokera kune simba guru mukati memasvondo matanhatu kusvika ku8, kana mamwe marapirwo asingakonzereti kuneta. Kudzokera kuhutano hwepabonde mushure mekuita mastectomi kunofanirawo kuitika panguva iyo kana uchida.

Varwere vanosarudza kusava nekuvakazve vangave vachida hutachiona hunoita kuti pave nekuenzanisa pakati pemazamu echisiki uye nechepa rakabviswa. Kune dzakawanda mastectomy zvinowanikwa, zvikurukuru paIndaneti, kusanganisira bras, mazamu mafomu, uye kushambadzira.

Mukuwedzera kuvhidhiyo, varwere vazhinji vane remishonga inonzi radiation, chemotherapy kana kusanganiswa kwezvose. Iro sarudzo inobva pakusimba kwekenza, zvishuvo zvemu murwere nemafungiro e oncologist.

> Sources:

> Kanzvadzi yeChechi muMurume. American Cancer Society

> Breast Cancer Treatment By Stage. American Cancer Society

> Breast Reconstruction. Susan G. Komen Foundation

> Kuora mwoyo uye Kuzvidya Madzimai Madzimai Ane Chirwere Chepakutanga. Burgess, Cornelius, uye al, British Medical Journal. 2005.

> Zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo. National Institutes of Health.

> Radiation Therapy & Iwe. National Institutes of Health