Muna 2017, masayendisiti akarovera kuti pane kubatana pakati pekuchechecherwa kwevana kumakemikari edzimba evanhu anonzi phthalates uye kuora mwoyo kwehutano hwevasikana muzera rezera remakore 3. Tsvakurudzo, yakabudiswa mupepanhau Environment International nevatsvakurudzi ve Columbia Columbia's Mailman School of Public Health, ndiye akanga ari wokutanga kutaura pamusoro pekubatana pakati peptalate exposure uye chirwere chetachiona muvana.
Tsvakurudzo yakatarira pane zvishanu zvakasiyana-siyana zvephtatata uye mahomoni maviri ehutori. Zvikamu zvezasi zve free thyroxine (yakasununguka T4) zvakabatanidzwa nepamusoro yezvikamu zvina zvevashanu zvinyorwa zvakadzidziswa mumusikana ane makore matatu. Zvinonakidza, kubatana kwaive kwakakwana kune vasikana; vakomana vakanga vasina kubatwa.
Maererano nemunyori mukuru wepamusoro Pam Pamor-Litvak, purofesa weEpidemiology paSchoolman School:
Iyo utachiona hunoita saiye mutungamiriri wehupi hunobudirira. Utachiona hweHyroid hunogadzirisa purogiramu, uye kana nguva yacho isingaenzaniswi, zvinogona kuva nemigumisiro inotevera muuropi. Izvo zvinokonzera kukanganisa zvatinoona munyaya ino ... zvinogona kutsanangura zvimwe zvezvinetso zvekufungisisa zvatinoona kuvana vanoratidzirwa kune zvinyorwa uye isu tiri kuongorora ikozvino. Kunyange zviduku zvishoma zvinogona kuita kusiyana kukuru. Kufambira mberi, zvakakosha kudzidza kuti chii chinonzi phthalates kuti chikuvadze vana, uyewo nzira iyo inokuvadzwa nayo. Chinangwa chedu chikuru ndechekuchengetedza hutano hwezvizvarwa zvinotevera.
Chii Chinonzi Phthalates?
Phtatates is a class of chemicals that are considered endocrine disruptors. Endocrine vanovhiringidza makhemikari anopesana nebasa rezvinyorwa zve endocrine, kusanganisira utachiona uye zvipembenene zvinobereka, pakati pevamwe. Endocrine kuvhiringidzika kunobatanidza kuderedzwa kwemajeri emadhimoni uye kuderedzwa kwemajeri kushandiswa kwevarume, uye kusaremara kwepabonde kune vakomana, pamwe nehuwandu hwehutano hwehutano nehutachiona, pakati pemamwe mararamiro ehutano.
Mafietta dzimwe nguva anonzi plasticizers uye anowedzerwa kuma plastiki, kunyanya polyvinyl chloride kana PVC, kuti aite kuti awedzere uye awedzere kupinduka. Kana iwe wakambocherechedza "motokari itsva yekunhuhwira" kana kunhuwidza kwejira idzva repurasitiki remvura, iyo ndiyo inofungidzira iwe uri kunhuwa. Utachiona huwedzerwawo kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekutarisira uye kunaka kwezvigadzirwa kuti utanhu hwavo nekunhuhwirira zvigare kwenguva refu.
Kushandiswa kwakawanda kwemafuroti anopfuura kwehafu yezana remakore kwakaguma nekupararira kwekupararira, kuburikidza nekupedza, kuputika, uye kupinza mukati meganda. Kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti huwandu hwakawanda hwehuwandu hunowanikwa mune vazhinji veAmerica.
Mishonga Inoshandisa Phthalates
Mafirothata anowanzowanikwa muzvinhu zvinotevera:
- Plasitiki uye vinyl magoni uye mabhati ekugeza
- Zvigadzirwa zvepabonde zveplastiki
- Kunwa mashizha
- Zvokudya zvePlastiki zvekuchengetedza zvinhu
- Zvishandiso zvevinyl zvinosanganisira pasi, mapuranga, zvinhu zvokuvaka, machira emvura, mashizha emucheka, chimwe chezvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki (kureva, raincoats uye mabhoti emvura)
- Car interiors
- Hsesheni yepurasitiki
- Paints
- Mimwe midziyo yemakisi, uye dzimwe nyama uye cheeses
- Mamwe matepi emvura
- Zvinonhuwira
- Perfume, cologne, uye pashure
- Pfupa yevana, Shampoo, uye lotions
- Zvidhakwa, shampoos, vhudzi remusoro, misoro, uye nail polish
- Laundry detergent
- Air fresheners
- Insect repellants
Nzira Yokudzivisa nayo Phthalates
Kune nzira dzakasiyana dzekudzikisa uye kuderedza kusvibiswa kune mafta.
Dzivisa Mishonga Inoteerera Mafiropiro Akapi Sezvimwe Zvokudya
Iwe unowanzoona phthalate muzita racho, asi rinogonawo kurongwa nemazita ayo. Zvose zvinowanzofemerwa zvinowanikwa kune zvigadzirwa zvinosanganisira:
- BBP: butyl benzyl phthalate
- MBZP: mono benzyl phthalate
- DBP: di-n-butyl phthalate
- MBP: mono-n-butyl phthalate
- MiBP: mono-isobutyl phthalate
- DEHP: di- (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
- MEHP: mono- (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
- DEP: diethyl phthalate
- MEP: monoethyl phthalate
- DiDP: di-isodecyl phthalate
- DiNP: di-isononyll phthalate
- DnHP: di-n-hexyl phthalate
- DNOP: di-n-octyl phthalate
Dzivisa PVC Plastic
Kunze kwekuti chigadzirwa chinonyanya kutaurwa kuti "phthalate-isina," dzivisa chero zvigadzirwa zveplastiki zvakanyorova, zvakadai semaketeni emvura.
Dzivisa Mishonga Inoteerera "Zvinonhuwira" seZvirongwa
Mune mitemo, kupetwa hakufaniri kuonekwa mune zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakanaka. Izvo zvinoshandiswa mune izvo zvigadzirwa zvingave zvinongorondedzerwa se "kunhuhwirira," zvichiita kuti zvive zvakaoma kuziva chinoshandiswa chaiyo. Kunze kwekuti chigadzirwa chakanyorwa kuti "hapana mavara anonhuwira" kana "phthalate-isina," kana inouya kubva kune kambani ine mitemo isina cheptalate, zvakanakisa kuti usisashandise. Zvimwe chete: michina ine mazita anoratidza kuti kunhuhwirira chero kupi zvayo kunobva kumafuta anokosha. Webhupu yeWit-Hugger ine mazita emakambani gumi nemaviri anoita zvisikwa, zvinonhuwira zvepthalate.
Sarudza Phthalate-Free Baby Products
Nokuda kwezvokudya zvevana nevana nevana, sarudza kambani ine maitiro akaoma e-phthalate-free. Smart Mommy Healthy Baby ane mazita akanaka emakambani ane mwana akachengeteka uye zvinhu zvevana.
Sarudza Phthalate-yega Personal Care uye Beauty Products
Pamitambo yekuchengetedza korona uye michina yekuchengetedza iwe pachako inosanganisira zvinonhuwira kana zvinonhuwira, sarudza chete makambani aya ane maitiro akaoma e phthalate-pasina. Zvimwe zvakanaka zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvemakambani anoita michina yakanaka yephthalate inosanganisira:
- Breast Cancer Action Network rondedzero yezvinyorwa zvepthalate
- The Campaign for Safe Cosmetics
- Sangano re Environmental Working Group re safecosmetics
Bvunza PVC-Free Medical Supplies
Kana uchida mishonga inopinza kana kushandisa katheter, ziva kuti zvinhu izvi zvinowanzoshandisa PVC tubing. Iwe unogona kukumbira mutano wako wehutano kushandisa phthalate-isina tubing uye zvikwama zvemishonga.
Dzivisa Zvokudya zvePlastiki Zvokudya
Usashandise mapurasitiki ezvokudya, uye usamboiti microwave zvokudya mukati mavo, sezvo kupisa kunobudisa makemikiti nokukurumidza mune zvokudya zvako. Kana iwe uri kuenda kushandisa plastiki kuchengetedza zvokudya, kudzokorora mitsara 1, 2, kana kuti 5 hazviwanzove neine phthalates, uye 3 ne7 zvinowanzove nezvinyorwa. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha pakachengetwa kwekudya kwevana, pamwe nemabhodhoro emwana, masikombe asina kuchena, uye nyoka. Paunenge usina chokwadi, sarudza girasi kana simbi isina tsvina. Iwe unogona kuwana ruzivo rwakakosha rwemaitiro e phthalate mune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuchengetedza kwezvokudya pa webhusaiti yakanaka yekuchengetwa kweimba.
Shandisa Zvitsva zvePlastiki Zvimwe Zvimwe kana kuti Zvisiri-Pombi Zviduku
Zvitambo zvekare zvinogona kuve nezvine phthalates, asi zvitsva zvemasvondo zvinowanzoita phthalate pasina. Dzingai zvigadzirwa zvekare zvecheche nevana, uye shandurai nematayipi matsva kana zvisiri zvepurasitiki.
Chengetedze Chekushandisa Kwemhepo Yakachena
Yakawanda yekutengeserana air fresheners ine phthalate, saka ingoshandisa shanduko yemhepo yakasvibirira iyo inotora kunhuhwirira kwayo kubva pamafuta anokosha uye nezvimwe zvinonhuwira zvepanyama.
Sarudza Organic Dairy, Produce, uye Nyama
Zvokudya zvehupenyu hazvisi pachena kune zvinouraya mishonga, zvichideredza dambudziko rekuti dzichava nehupamhi hweptalate.
Shoko Rinobva
Kuzvidzivirira kunofanirwa kuva nyaya yemhuri yekubatsira utano hwevanhu vose. Asi kana iwe une vana kana vana vaduku, zvinokosha zvikuru. Kuti zvivepo, Columbia University yaDkt Factor-Litvak ine mazano anonyanya kukosha vabereki vose vecheche nevana vaduku vanofanira kutevera: "Vabereki vane vana vaduku vanofanira kudzivisa kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nemafuta zvakadai semashizha, nail polish, uye vinyl pasi."
> Sources:
> Morgenstern, R et al. "Phthalates uye utachiona zvinoshanda muzvidzidzo zvevana: Kusangana kwepabonde." Environmental International, Volume 106, September 2017, DOI: 10.1016 / j.envint.2017.05.007 http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0160412017302143
> US Food and Drug Administration. "Phthalates." Online ,. https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/productsingredients/ingredients/ucm128250.htm