Zvichida wakanzwa kuti unofambira mberi mune zvikamu zvezvikamu paunorara, asi zvinorevei izvo zvinorevei? Kurara kurara, chaiko? Muzvokwadi, kuchine zvakawanda zviripo mukati memusoro wako iwe uchiri mumarara, uye iri basa muuropi hwako rinoratidza maitiro aya akasiyana ekurara.
Icho chaiva electroencephalograph (EEG) yakagadzirwa iyo yakabvumira masayendisiti kuverenga kurara munzira dzisina kumboitika.
Munguva dze1950, mudzidzi wepamberi anonzi Eugene Aserinsky akashandisa chidziro ichi kuwana izvo zvinozivikanwa nhasi se REM kurara . Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvekurara kwevanhu zvakaratidza kuti urwere hunobudirira kuburikidza nehuwandu hwemashure umo maitiro ehupi akasiyana-siyana anoonekwa.
Kune miviri miviri mikuru yehope:
- kushanya kweziso kusingakurumidze (NREM) - inozivikanwawo sehope yakanyarara
- kukurumidza kwekufamba kweziso (REM) - inozivikanwawo sehope yekurara kana kuparara kwemahara
Mavambo Okurara
Pakati pezvikamu zvekutanga zvehope, iwe uchiri kuve wakamuka uye wakangwarira. Uropi hunobudisa izvo zvinozivikanwa semafuta eBeta, izvo zviduku uye zvinokurumidza.
Sezvo uropi hunotanga kusununguka uye kunonoka, mafungu anononoka anozivikanwa semafungu eArafma anobudiswa. Munguva iyi apo iwe hausi kurara, iwe unogona kuona zvisingazivikanwi uye zvinonzwisisika zvakajeka zvinonzi hypnagogic hallucinations. Mienzaniso yakajairika yezviitiko izvi inosanganisira kunzwa sokunge iwe uri kuwira kana kunzwa mumwe munhu achitumidza zita rako.
Chimwe chiitiko chakajairika panguva ino inozivikanwa se myoclonic jerk . Kana iwe wakambovhunduka kamwe-kamwe nokuti unoratidzika usina chikonzero zvachose, saka iwe wakamboona chiitiko ichi. Kunyange zvazvo zvingaratidzika zvisina kujairika, idzi myoclonic jerks chaizvoizvo dzakajairika.
Kare, nyanzvi dzakapatsanidza kurara mumatanho mashanu akasiyana.
Nguva pfupi yapfuura, zvakadaro, zvikamu zvitatu ne4 zvakabatanidzwa kuitira kuti pane zvikamu zvitatu zveNREM pamwe ne REM yekutara kwehope.
NREM Nhanho 1
Nhanho 1 ndiyo kutanga kwehope yehope uye inenge yakajeka yehope. Nhanho 1 inogona kuonekwa sekushandura nguva pakati pekumuka uye kurara.
Muchikamu chekutanga, uropi hunoita hukuru hwema amplitude theta, iyo inononoka hutano hwemauropi. Iyi nguva yekurara inongova nguva pfupi (inenge maminitsi mashanu kusvika ku10). Kana iwe ukamutsa mumwe munhu panguva ino, vangashuma kuti vakanga vasina kurara chaizvo.
NREM Chikamu 2
Panguva yechikamu 2 kurara:
- Vanhu vanova vashoma vanoziva nzvimbo dzakapoteredza
- Chitinhi chemuviri chinodonha
- Kupisa uye moyo wezinga inowedzera
Chikamu chechipiri chikamu chechipiri chehope uye chinogara kwemaminitsi makumi maviri. Uropi hunotanga kubudisa zvipembenene zvekukurumidza, rhythmic wave wave inozivikanwa inozivikanwa sehope dzomukati. Kutapisa kwemuviri kunotanga kuderera uye kuwedzera kwemwoyo kunotanga kunonoka. Maererano neAmerican Sleep Foundation, vanhu vanopedza inenge 50 muzana yehope yavo yose muzera iri.
NREM Nhano 3
Pakati pechikwata 3 kurara:
- Musumbu dzinozorodza
- Ropa kudzvinyirira nekufema kunopera
- Kurara zvakadzama kunoitika
Iyi danho raimbove rakakamurwa kuva zvikamu zvitatu ne4.
Mvura yakadzika, inononoka yehuropi inozivikanwa semafuta eta delta inotanga kubuda panguva yechipatara 3 kurara. Iyi nhanho dzimwe nguva inonzi inonzi delta hope.
Munguva iyi, vanhu vanova vashoma vanoteerera uye mhere uye basa munharaunda zvinogona kukundikana kuunza mhinduro. Iyo inoshandawo sechiitiko chemukati pakati pekurara kwekurara uye kurara kwakadzika.
Zvidzidzo zvekare zvakaratidza kuti kubata-kunyanya kwaiwanzoitika panguva iyi yakadzika yehope, asi humwe humwe humwe huchapupu huchangobva kuratidza hunoti kubhedha kwakadaro kunogona kuitika kune dzimwe nzvimbo. Kurara kunowanzoitikawo kakawanda panguva yekurara zvakadzama zvemukati uyu.
REM Kurara
Panguva yekurara REM:
- Uropi hunova hunoshanda
- Mutumbi unenge wakasununguka uye usingadziviri
- Kurota kunoitika
- Maziso anofamba nokukurumidza
Kurota kunowanzoitika panguva yechina yehope, inozivikanwa sekufema kwekurumidza kweziso (REM) kurara. Kurara kwe REM kunoratidzwa nekufamba kweziso, kuwedzera kufema kufema, uye kuwedzera kwehuropi basa. IAmerican Sleep Foundation inoratidza kuti vanhu vanopedza vanenge 20 muzana yehope yavo yose muchigamba chino.
Kurara kweYE REM kunonziwo kunetseka kwekurara nokuti nepo uropi nemamwe masangano ehutano ari kunyanya kushanda, masimba anowedzera kusununguka. Kurota kunoitika nekuda kwekuwedzera kwehuropi basa, asi mitsipa yokuzvidira isingadziviriri.
Kuenzanisa Kwezvikamu Zvokurara
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kurara hakufambi kuburikidza nematanho aya muchidimbu. Kurara kunotanga muchitsauko 1 uye kunopinda muzvikamu zviviri, uye 3. Pashure pegadziriro 3 kurara, danho 2 kurara kunodzokororwa vasati vapinda REM kurara. Kana imwe nguva REM isati yanyarara, muviri unowanzodzokera kuchigamba 2 kurara. Kurara kunotenderera mumatanho aya anenge mana kana mashanu pane husiku hwose.
Pakati pevhesi, tinopinda musara REM anenge 90 maminiti mushure mokunge takarara. Kutanga kwekutanga kweR sleep kunogona kungopedza nguva shomanana chete, asi rimwe nerimwe rinowedzera rinopera. KURA kurara kunogona kupedza kusvika paawa apo kurara kunofambira mberi.
Kunyange zvazvo kurara kunowanzofungidzirwa senzira yekutadza, tsvakurudzo yakaratidza kuti uropi huri kunyatsoshanda panguva dzakasiyana dzehope. Kurara kunobata basa rinokosha mune dzimwe nzira, kusanganisira kuyeuka kwepfungwa uye kucheneswa kweuropi.
Sources:
American Sleep Association. (). Chii chinorara? Kudzorerwa kubva ku https://www.sleepassociation.org/patients-general-public/what-is-sleep/
Cendron, M. (1999). Primary premature enuresis: Current concepts. American Family Physician, 59 (5) , 1205-1214.
National Sleep Foundation. (nd). Chii chinoitika kana iwe ukarara? Kudzorerwa kubva ku https://sleepfoundation.org/how-sleep-works/what-happens-when-you-sleep
Pressman, MR (2007). Zvimwe zvinotangira, zvinotyisa, uye zvinokonzera NREM parasomnia kuvanhu vakuru: Clinical uye forensic zvinoreva. Kurara Mishonga Ongororo, 11 (1), 5-30.
Purves, D., Augustine, GJ, Fitzpatrich, D., uye al. (2001). Neuroscience, 2nd edition. NCBI Bookshelf. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. Kudzorerwa kubva ku http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10996/.