Chirwere Chisingatauri
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), iyo inonziwo immune thrombocytopenic purpura, ndiyo mamiriro umo muviri hauna maplatelet akakwana. Platelets aya masero eropa anobatsira kumisa kubuda ropa nekunamatira pamwe chete kuti aite zvivharo izvo zvinyorwa zviduku zvishoma kana kuputsika.
"Idiopathic" (id-ee-o-PATH-ick) zvinoreva kuti chikonzero chechirwere hachizivikanwi.
"Thrombocytopenic" (throm-bo-site-o-PEE-nick) zvinoreva mapepa epasi.
"Purpura" (PURR-purr-ah) zvinoreva kuti munhu anonyanya kupwanya.
Vanotsvakurudza vanodavira kuti ITP inorwara yega autommune. Mutumbi unowanzoita zvirwere zvinorwisana nehutachiona, asi muItP idzi zvirwere zvinorwisa uye kuparadza maplatelet ane hutano. Chinokonzera kuti izvi zvizivikanwe. ITP inowanikwa muna 50 kusvika ku1 150 vanhu pamamiriyoni gore rega rega. Inenge hafu yevanhu vakavhiringidzika vana. ITP inogona kukanganisa vakadzi 2 kusvika katatu kakawanda kakawanda kupfuura varume.
Aina
Kune marudzi maviri eItP.
- Acute ITP ndeyenguva shoma kana yenguva pfupi yeItP. Inowanzopedza mwedzi inopfuura 6. Icho chinonyanyozivikanwa cheTIP uye chinonyanya kuitika kune vana, vose vakomana nevanasikana, kazhinji pakati pemakore maviri nemakumi mana. Inowanzoitika mushure mekunge mwana ane chirwere kana anorwara nehutachiona.
- Chronic ITP inogara kwenguva refu, kazhinji inokonzera zviratidzo kwemwedzi 6 kana kupfuura. Iyo inonyanya kubata vanhu vakuru, asi dzimwe nguva vechidiki kana vana vanogona kukura.
Zviratidzo
Zviratidzo zveTP zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Kunyoresa kana kunyanya kupwanya ; matambudziko anogona kuitika pasina chikonzero chaicho (purpura)
- Zviduku zviduku zvakatsvukuru-zveruvara paganda (petechiae), kunyanya pamakumbo apasi, zvichikonzerwa nekubuda ropa pasi peganda
- Kuputsanya kunotora nguva yakareba kurega kubuda ropa
- Inosvibisa kana kubuda ropa kubva mumasamu
- Ropa mumuginha kana kutenderera
- Vakadzi vangave vane nzara yekubuda kumwedzi
Vamwe vanhu vane ITP munyoro vanogona kunge vane zvishoma kana zvisiri zviratidzo.
Kuziva
Kuongororwa kweTP kunoshandiswa nekuongororwa kwezvenhau yezvechiremba, kuongorora muviri, uye kuongorora ropa. Munguva yenhau uye kuongorora kwepanyama, chiremba wako achatsvaga zviratidzo zvekubuda ropa uye kune mamwe mimwe mamiriro ezvinhu angakonzera nhamba shoma dzeplatelet muropa. Kuongorora ropa kunosanganisira ropa rakazara (CBC), iro riri muItP richaratidza nhamba yakaderera yemaplatelet, uye ropa smear, umo muenzaniso weropa unotaridzika pasi pema microscope.
II ITP Hereditary?
Vatsvakurudzi havana kugumisa chinokonzera ITP kuti ive nhaka sezvo chirwere chacho hachisi chinowanzosvika mumhuri.
Kurapa
Vana vazhinji vane ruzivo rwakawanda rweTP vanodzoka zvachose kubva kuItP mumwedzi inenge mitanhatu vasina kurapwa. Vakuru nevane runyoro ITP vangasadawo kurapwa. Kurapa kweTP kunonyanya kuwedzera kuwedzera kwenhamba yemaplatelet muropa. Kune vanhu vakuru nevana vanoda kurapwa, corticosteroid yakafanana nePrednisone inowanzoendeswa kwemavhiki akawanda kana mwedzi kuderedza kuputika mumuviri. Imwe mishonga inogona kubatsira kuwedzera nhamba yeplatelet is immune globulin.
Inowanzopiwa intravenously (kuburikidza nesingano mumumvuri).
Kana varwere vasingatauri kumishonga, chirwere chinogona kuvhiringidzwa kubva mumuviri. MuItP, spleen inofungidzirwa kuti inzvimbo inokosha yekushandiswa kweva antibody uye platelet kuparadzwa. Zvisinei, kubvisa chirwere chinogona kuita kuti munhu ave pangozi yekuwana mamwe marudzi ezvirwere.
Vamwe vanhu vane ITP vane ropa rakakura vanogona kupiwa kuwedzerwa kweplatelet. Nhengo dzepajeri dzeropa dzinoiswa muropa romunhu kuti dziwedzere kwenguva pfupi nhamba yemaplatelet mumuviri.
Mushonga unonzi Rituxan (rituximab) uri kuedzwa kuongororwa semushonga wekusingaperi ITP.
Inopiwawo zvakapetwa. Mimwe miviri mishonga iri kuedzwa zvakare. Platelet Disorder Support Association inonyora urongwa hweIt clinic miedzo iri kuenderera mberi.
Sources:
Kuongorora Mwana nePurpura. American Academy of Family Physicians. www.aafp.org.
Chii chinonzi Immune Thrombocytopenia? National Heart Lung uye Blood Institute.
B-cell Depletion (anti-CD20 Platelet Disorder Support Association www.pdsa.org.