Kana wakanzwa nezvomumwe munhu ane kenza yemukomana, kana iwe une zviratidzo zvepelvic, kana kuti iwe wakanga uine Pap smear isina kunaka, ungangodaro unofunga kuti chirwere chemuchechi chinowanikwa sei. Ngatitarisei zviratidzo zvinogona kuratidza kuti kenza iripo, nzira yekuongorora, uye miedzo chaiyo yakafanana necolcopcopy uye biopsy nzira dzinoshandiswa pakuongorora chirwere ichi.
Mukenza wechibereki unowanzowanikwa vasati vati zviratidzo zviripo; mune mamwe mazwi, munhu anowanzotadza. Apo kuongorora mazano emucheche wechibereki kunoteverwa, izvi zvinowanzoitika, kunyange pane dzimwe nguva apo chiratidzo chekutanga chekuti chimwe chinhu chakaipa chingava zviratidzo.
Zviratidzo
Kusiyana nedzimwe mhando dzekenza, zvirwere zvechirwere chepervical hazviwanzoonekwa kusvikira kenza yabudirira kusvika pakatarisana. Nemhaka yokuti vazhinji vakadzi havaoni zviratidzo zvinokuvadza kuti vatsvake kurapwa, chirongwa cheP Pap smear nguva dzose chinokosha kuti chimbotanga kuonekwa. Apo zviratidzo zviripo zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Kushaya uine uterine kubuda ropa - Ichi chinogona kubuda ropa chinorema kana chireruka kupfuura chinowanzoitika, chinowanikwa pakati penguva kana shure kwepabonde, kana kuti chinoitika mushure mokunge
- Urinary frequency
- Kutambura kwepelvic, kunyanya panguva yepabonde
- Vaginal discharge
The Pap Smear
Ipap smear ine basa rinokosha pakutsvaga kenza yemukomana.
Ndiyo iyo vakadzi vakawanda vanoona kuti vanotambura nekervical dysplasia kana kenza yemukomana. Pep smear chirongwa chakareruka chinogona kuratidzira kukanganisa kwechibereki nguva refu vasati vafambira mukenza.
Vose vakadzi vanofanira kuva neP Pap smear kunze kwekuti chiremba wavo avayambira kuti havachadiwi. Izvi zvinogonawo kusanganisira vakadzi vemashure-menopausal neavo vakambova nehana.
Iva nechokwadi chekuti usadzivisa mapepa akafanana ePap smear kuitira kuti miedzo yako ive yakajeka sezvinobvira.
HPV Kuedza
Kuongorora kweHIVV chimwe chiitiko chinokosha chinogona kuitwa panguva imwechete sePap smear kana kutevera chiitiko chisina kunaka. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti kana iwe uri pamusoro pemakore makumi matatu, unogona kukumbira kuti uve neHIVV yakaitwa.
Tora nguva yekudzidza nezvemunhu papillomavirus (HPV). Kunyange zvazvo kune hutachiwana hunopfuura zana hwehutachiona, kwete dzose idzi dzinokonzera kenza. Inenge 70 muzana yemakondomu emuchechi inokonzerwa neHIVV 16 neHIVV 18, uye imwe 20 muzana yekenza yekervical inobatana nehutachiona neHIVV 31, 33, 34, 45, 52, uye 58.
Abnormal Pap Smears
Kune hutano hwakasiyana-siyana hunogona kuonekwa paPap smear, kwete zvose zvinoreva kuti uri pangozi yekudzidzira kenza yemukomana. Kana uine Pap smear isiri iyo inonyanya kukosha kuti iwe uite maererano nemazano kubva kuna chiremba wako, kana iri iyo colposcopy, imwe yemhando yekervical biopsy, kana kuti kungodzokorora Pap smear mugore. Tora nguva kuti udzidze nezvemhando dzakasiyana dzezvipembenene zveP smear zvitsva uye izwi rechiremba rinoshandiswa kurondedzera izvi.
Colposcopy Exam
Kana yako Pap smear ichiratidza kusakanganiswa kwechibereki, colposcopy ingave yakarongwa.
A colposcopy is in-office exam inobvumira chiremba kuti aone chivharox zvakanyatsoenderana necolposcope. Colposcope isimbi inopenya inokudza chivharox (kufanana nePap smear pasi pe microscope.) Inogara kunze, kunze kwebadzimai, panguva yekuongorora. Mifananidzo yakaonekwa kubva pacolposcope inogona kuratidzwa pane kombiyuta kana terevhizheni. Iwe hauna kusungirwa kutarisa, asi inogona kukubatsira kuti unzwisise kuongorora kuri nani.
Cervical Biopsy uye Endocervical Curettage
Munguva ye colposcopy, chiremba anogona kuita chirwere chepervical biopsy zvichienderana nezvinowanikwa panguva yekuongorora. Chirwere chepervical biopsy chinosanganisira kubvisa chiduku chemuviri wechiberekero kuti chiongororwe pasi pe microscope.
Kazhinji kazhinji ichi ndicho chirwere chechivharo, umo chiremba anobvisa zviduku zviduku zvine chigoni chakafanana nepepa punch. Zvinotora maawa mashomanana kuti chiremba awane chimiro chemuviri uye anongogara asinganzwisisiki kwenguva pfupi. Zvichienderana nezvakawanikwa munguva yekolposcopy, nzvimbo shomanana yemukirini inogona kuve yakagadzirwa.
Pamwe pamwe nekodhiyo biopsy, chirwere chekugadziriswa kwemakumbo (ECC) chinogonawo kuitwa. Munguva yeECC, chiremba anoshandisa brashi duku kuti abvise mishonga kubva mumugwagwa we endocervical, nzvimbo yakamanikana pakati pemubereki nemukati. IECC inogona kunge inorwadza zvakanyanya (kufanana nematambudziko ekuenda kumwedzi), asi kurwadziwa kunonyangarika apo ECC yapera.
Biopsy uye ECC zvigaro zvinowanzoita masvondo mashoma kusvika maviri kuti adzoke. Chiremba wako angave wakaronga imwe shanho kuti uende pamusoro pemigumisiro newe kana kuti angakushevedza nefoni kuti akuzivise nezvemigumisiro.
Chimwe Chinhu Chine Nyaya uye LEEP
Kune dzimwe nguva apo biopsy yakakura inoda kuitwa kuti iongorore chirwere chemukondombera kana kubvisa mishonga kuti irege kuva nekenza. Mune mazviitiko, koni inonzi biopsy inogona kuitwa. Munguva yekodhi yenyuchi , chigunwe chakafanana nemakumbo chinobviswa pasi pese anesthesia. Nyeredzi yakagadziriswa inoshandiswawo kubvisa zvinyorwa zvisinganzwisisiki kubva mumuviri wemukati.
Imwe nzira inoshandiswa kugadzirwa kwekodhi, chironga chinonzi electro chirurgical excision procedure (LEEP) inzira inowanikwa pasi peanesthesia yekunze kubvisa mishonga kubva mumuviri wemukati. Bhuku re LEEP rinoshandisa tambo yakavharidza magetsi kuti ibudise mhando yemaoko. Iyi nzira inowanzoshandiswa kurapa mazinga-grade cervical dysplasia , panzvimbo yekuongorora chirwere chekenza chechibereki.
Migumisiro yeChimwe Chedu Chinyorwa Chete kana Nzira yeEEP
Kana imwe nguva zviitiko zvebiopsy zvinodzoka, chirwere chemucheche chinogona kubudiswa kunze kana kuongororwa. Kana chirwere chemukondombera chichiongororwa chinoitwa, danho rinotevera nderokuona nhanho yemukenza wechibereki. Kune zvikamu zvishanu zvechirwere chechibereki uye imwe neimwe inomiririra kuti yakareba sei kenza yakapararira.
Kana imwe nguva danho rekenza yemucheche yakatemwa, chirongwa chekurapa chinogona kutanga kugadzirwa. Mishonga inogona kusanganisira chirwere chinowedzera, chemotherapy , radiation therapy , kana kuti mushonga mutsva unowanikwa mumakiriniki .
Sources:
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TSikouras, P., Zervoudis, S., Manav, B. et al. Cervical Cancer: Kuchengeta, Kuziva uye Kuongorora. J BUON . 2016. 21 (2): 320-5.
Zorzi, M., Del Mistro, A., Farruggio, A. uye al. Kushandiswa kweHigh-Risk Human Papillomavirus DNA Test sokutanga Muedzo muCervical Cancer Screening Program: A Population-Based Cohort Yokudzidza. BJOG . 2013. 120 (10): 1260-7.