Zviratidzo, Zviratidzo, uye Kurapa
Izwi rokuti epidural hematoma rinoreva kubatanidza ropa (hematoma) kunze kwekugara kwenguva refu (epidural). Icho chimwechete chekuvharwa musoro musoro wakavharwa , iyo inosanganisirawo subdural hematomas uye sub-arachnoid hemorrhage.
Akavhara kukuvadzwa kwemusoro , kufanana nekukuvadzwa kwehuropi hwehupombwe , kunobva mukushungurudzika kwakashata kusvika kugogi inoguma nekudzimba kweuropi. Chinonyanya kukonzera kuvhara-ropa, mvura inoputika, kuputika, nezvimwewo-kunowedzera pane iyo mukati mukati mekrikanisi inowanikwa.
Iyo karakani ndiyo nzvimbo yakavharwa, nokuda kwechikamu chikuru. Icho chikamu chedehenya chinopinza uropi. Imwe hafu yedehenya yakaumbwa nemapfupa emaso. Pamwe chete, kune masere masere emapfupa (yakafara, mahwendefa akavezwa) ayo anosungirirwa kuita bhokete yakagadzirwa nebhokisi muuropi yako.
The Meninges
Kana uropi huripo pakatarisana nehenya, ingadai yakanganisa chero nguva yaunofamba-famba kana kuvhara musoro wako. Kuti udzivise dambudziko iroro, uye kuti uite ropa rinoputika, mukati mekristani yakakonzerwa nehutema, membrane yakasimba inonzi dura mater (latin yemukadzi ane simba). Icho chiri chepamusoro-soro kwehutatu hupamhi hukakisi pakati pehutano hweropi uye kushinga kusingazununguki kwehenya. Izvi zvikamu zvinoungana pamwe chete zvinonzi meninges . Minyuchi haifaniri kungoita uropi chete, asiwo mutsara wepelinha.
Kunyange zvazvo gorosi rinosungirirwa rinotakura cranium, panewo chidimbu chakaonda kwazvo chinoputira hutachiona tissue.
Iyi membrane inonziwo iyo yakasununguka (latin yemucheche). Icho chiduku zvokuti inotevera mhirizhonga yeuropi kusanganisira zvinyorwa uye zvinyorwa zvepfungwa dzouropi.
Pakati pekusagadzikana kwechigarire uye iyo yakaoma uye yakasvibiswa, kune spongy layer yakatumidzwa arachnoid nekuda kwekuonekwa kwayo kwewebhu.
Iyo arachnoid layer inopa mutambo pakati pekugara mater uye iyo yakafanana. Yaro yevhu inopisa inobvumira bhati yakakosha ye cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) kutenderera kuburikidza nayo.
Ropa rega rinotenderera mumamangwana rinowanikwa munzvimbo yekunze kwemazuva ekugara. Ndiyo apo mabheti anobva munyika kunze kweuropi anokwanisa kuunza ropa kune kuvharidzira kwechikonzero chinenge chiri nhengo inonyanya kukosha yemuviri. Pasi pekugara kwenguva refu, apo arachnoid uyewo zvizere zvizere zvinorarama, ropa rinenge risina kukosha nokuti CSF inopa mishonga yakawanda.
Pathophysiology
Epidural hematomas inobva pakugunzwa pamusoro. Iko kunowanzoita purogiramu yakajeka yekuumba epidural hematoma, asi kune mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kuita kuti zvive nyore kuti munhu atange kubuda ropa kunze kwekugara. Varwere vane dambudziko rekubuda ropa kana avo vari kutora ropa vakaonda, somuenzaniso, vari pangozi yakawanda yepidural hematomas kupfuura vamwe vanhu vose. Varwere vakwegura nevarwere vane nhoroondo yekuremerwa nedoro rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya.
Apo murwere anorohwa zvakasimba zvakakwana kuti aparadze mudziyo weropa pamwe nechokunze kwemazuva ekugara, kubuda ropa kuchakurumidza kupinda munzvimbo inogona kuva pakati pehenya neyekugara kwenguva refu, kuparadzanisa izvo zviviri.
Dhehenya harisi kuenda kupi. Zvakaoma uye hazviregereri, zvisingaiti kutama zvakawanda. Simba rekugara rakanaka zvakare rakaoma, asi rine zvakawanda rinopa uye richarasikirwa nesimo iri. Sezvo ropa rinounganidza pakati peiyo yakagadziriswa uye yehenya, iyo yakasara inotama ichienda kumucheto wekribheni, ichiisa kuoma kweuropi.
Zviratidzo nezviratidzo
Zvose zvinokuvadza zvehupfungwa zvinokonzera zviripo zvakafanana nenzira yakafanana, zvine maitiro akawanda zvakafanana zviratidzo nezviratidzo. Vose vane humwe humwe hunotevera:
- kurasikirwa kwekuziva
- chizoro
- headache
- kushungurudza uye kurutsa
- kuvhiringidzika
Izvi zvinoita kuti zvibvirire kutaurira musiyano pakati pemhando dzakasiyana dzekukuvadzwa kwehupfungwa hwehupenzi pasina kuita CT scan ye cranium.
Mune mamwe mazwi, iwe haugone kuziva kana iri chirwere cheheatoma panzvimbo yekukuvadzwa. Munhu wacho anoda kuonekwa mubazi rekukurumidzira.
Izvo zvisiri pamutemo, pane zvimwe zviratidzo zvinovhiringidza zvikuru zvinofanirwa kuva magiragi makuru matsvuku mushure mekunge murwere achitora zvakasimba kugogodza kumusana. Izvi zvinosanganisira: vadzidzi vasina kuenzana (imwe yakakura pane imwe), yakanyanya kukanda ropa, inononoka uye yakawedzera-yakasimba, kana murwere asingagoni kumuka.
Chimwe chiratidzo chakasiyana kwazvo chepidural hematoma chinonzi colloquially chinonzi "Talk and Die Syndrome." Icho chinoreva izvo zviropi zvezveuropi zvinoshevedza kufara kwenguva refu. Mune mamwe mazwi, murwere anogumburwa kunze, achimuka uye anoita seakanaka, ipapo anorasikirwa zvakare. Iko kusanganiswa kwakasimba kunoratidzira epidural hematoma iri kukura zvakakurumidza uye inowanzova nzira yekusiyanisa pakati pekugadzirisa uye kuora kwakakomba kweuropi .
Bhuku Rokutanga Rokubatsira
Rubatsiro rwekutanga kune epidural hematoma inongobatsira kutarisira chero humwe hukuvadzwa. Chinonyanya kukosha, cherechedza kana munhu wacho akarasikirwa nokuziva. Chero ani zvake anorasikirwa nehutano anotasva kuenda kuchipatara mune ambulensi. Dana 911 kune ani naani anogogodza asina chaanoziva kubva pakurova kumusoro. Hapana chikonzero chekuchengetedza munhu anokonzerwa neuropi-akakuvara, asi unofanira kutarisa kuona kana iwe unogona kuvamutsa nguva nenguva.
Kuchipatara Kuchipatara
Zvipembenene zvakanyanya zvekare zvinonzi hematomas zvinoda kuvhiyiwa kuti ibudise ropa uye isunungure kuoma kweuropi. Nguva uropi huri munyaya iyi, sezvinongoita sitiroko. Vanachiremba vanowanzobvisa chikamu chehenya uye vanodhonza hematoma. Mushure mekunge, kudhonza kunogona kuiswa kune rimwe zuva kana kuti kurega chero kuwedzera kubuda ropa.
> Sources:
> Kang, J., Hong, S., Hu, C., Pyen, J., Whang, K., & Cho, S. et al. (2015). Kuongororwa Kwechipatara Kuchiramba Kupera Kutsvaga Epidural Hematoma. Korean Journal Of Neurotrauma , 11 (2), 112. doi: 10.13004 / kjnt.2015.11.2.112
> Nguyen, H., Li, L., Patel, M., & Mueller, W. (2016). Kuyera kwezviyero ne computed tomography muvarwere vane extra-axial hematoma vanogona kuverenga nenhamba yepamusoro yeuropi kukanganiswa. The Neuroradiology Journal , 29 (5), 372-376. doi: 10.1177 / 1971400916658795
> Sribnick, E., Dhall, S., & Hanfelt, J. (2015). Chirwere chechipatara kuti utaure kukurumidza kuporesa kwekukuvara kwehupenzi kwakanyanya: Akutanga kudzidzira. Kushandisa Neurology International , 6 (1), 1. chii: 10.4103 / 2152-7806.148541