Kukanganiswa kwepfungwa zvakakonzerwa kunokonzerwa nekukuvadza kune itsvo, iyo inogona kuitika semugumisiro wekurasikirwa kweropa, chepfu kana kukuvara kwepfungwa kune itsvo. Kukanganiswa kwepfungwa kwakanyanya kunowedzera nokukurumidza, zvichiita zviratidzo zvakakura, zvakadai sekurasikirwa kwechido uye kudikanwa. Icho chirwere chakakomba, asi chinogona kurapwa, uye nekurapa kwakakodzera, vanhu vazhinji vanogona kurarama nechiitiko chepfungwa yakaoma kusagadzikana pasina migumisiro yenguva refu.
Zviratidzo
Inso inocherechedza huwandu hwehutachiona, electrolytes nedhaka mumuviri, uye kutumira zvinhu zvakaderera kuti zvibvise mumuguta. Zviratidzo zvekushaya kwepfungwa zvakanyanya zvinoitika nokuti zvinhu izvi zvinounganidza mumuviri apo itsvo isingashandisi nenzira yainofanira. Kazhinji mvura inoshandiswa uye masero e electrolyte anodiwa kuti muviri wose uite zvakanaka. Zvinhu zvakasvibiswa zvine uturu kune mamwe masero emumuviri uye maviri, izvo zvinoguma nezviratidzo zvakakura zvakaratidza. Zviratidzo zvekushaya kusvuta kwepvo zvinokurumidza kukurumidza, kwemaawa akawanda kana mazuva.
Zviratidzo zvakajairika zvekushaya kwepfungwa zvakanyanya ndezvi:
- Kusina simba uye kuneta: Ichi ndicho chikonzero chekusava nekushanda kwezvikamu mumuviri wako, izvo zvisina kukodzera kwakakwana kwe electrolytes kuti zviite sezvazvinofanirwa kana iwe uine kushaya kwepfungwa yakaoma.
- Kurasikirwa kwekudya, kushungurudza uye kunatswa: Manzwiro aya anoitika nokuti chirwere chako chekudya, chinoda utachiona hwemakemikari ane hutano hwakanaka, maronda, uye mitsipa kushanda zvakanaka, zvinogona kuderera, zvisingakwanisi kuchengetedza basa rakagadzikana kana tsono yako isinganyatsogadziri zvinhu zviri muhupenyu hwako muviri.
- Chimiro chemuviri musina simba: Misumbu yenyu inoda kuti electrolytes ishande, uye kana iwe uine hosha kusakundikana, izvi zvinokonzera musuru basa kuti utambure.
- Kukurumidza, kunonoka kana kusagadzikana kupesana kwepfungwa: Moyo wako unotungamirirwa nemoyo wako wemisungo, iyo inotenderera kune dzakawanda zve electrolytes dzinokosha kuti dzishande zvakanaka. Mumuviri wako unoedza kuchengetedza moyo wemoyo kwenguva yakareba sezvaunokwanisa. Kana muviri wako usingakwanisi kubhadhara zvinokonzerwa nekushaya kwepfungwa yakaoma, mwoyo wako unogona kunetseka, unobereka kusagadzikana kwemwoyo. Izvi zvinogona kuguma pakuguma kwekushaya ropa kwakakwana mumuviri wose.
- Kuvhiringidzika: Chiratidzo chakakomba chekusagadzikana kwepfungwa yakaoma, kuvhiringidzika kunoreva kuti uropi hwako huri kuwana ropa rakakwana. Kana iwe uchinge uchinetseka pamusana pekushaya kwepfungwa yakaoma, iwe ungakurumidza kufambira mberi kusvika pakurasika kwekuziva kana coma.
- Kurasikirwa kwekuziva kana kuti coma: Ichi chiratidzo chinoreva kuti uropi hunova neropa rakakwana, uye zvinogona kuguma nekukuvara zvachose kunze kwekunge iwe uchiwana kurapwa kwekukurumidza.
Zvinokonzera
Iyo itsvo inokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakawanda, zvakadai sehupfumi hwemvura, mishonga, hutano hutano, kudya, uye huwandu hwemvura munhu anonwa. Kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzakakanganisika zvepfungwa dzepfungwa . Chinhu chipi nechipi chinokuvadza nokukurumidza itsvo chichaderedza chiyero chebasa ravanogona kuita. Kukanganiswa kwepfungwa kwakanaka kunogona kunge kwechinguva kana kuti ingangova chiratidzo chechinetso chikuru.
Pane zvikamu zvitatu zvakakonzera zvinokonzera kusvuta kweputsvo. Izwi rokuti renal rinorondedzera mafungiro, uye mazita ezvizvi ndiwo prerenal, intrisic uye postrenal.
Prerenal: Izvi zvinotsanangura zvinokonzera kusanganisa kwepuro zvinotangira ropa risati rasvika kuitsvo. Kutsika kweropa, semuenzaniso, kuchaitika kana mwoyo wako usingashande zvakanaka, kana kana iwe ukava wakanyanyisa mvura.
Muchiitiko ichi, itsvo ivo pachavo haisi dambudziko guru, asi vari kuchinjwa neropa rakaderera, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuti itsvo dziite basa ravo rokutsvapa ropa.
Utachiona hwakanyanya hunogona kufambira mberi kune kushungurudzika kwepfungwa , chirwere chinogona kukonzera chirwere chakaoma kukuvadzwa nekuti ropa rinowira kune zvakaderera zvakadai kuti itsvo dzisingagoni kushanda zvakanaka.
Kutanga: Izvi zvinotsanangura zvinokonzera mafungiro kusakatika umo impso pachavo dzinokuvadzwa. Uturu, kusanganisira makemikari, zvinodhaka zvisina kukodzera, nemimwe mishonga yakatemwa, inofanirwa kupfuura nemutsvo, uye inogona kuvakuvadza.
Mienzaniso yemishonga inogona kukonzera kushaya kwepfungwa yakaoma inosanganisira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekufungidzira. Aya marudzi emishonga haaiti kuti munhu wese anovatora kuti ave nehutu hwekushaya simba, kana zvisinei hakuna munhu angambozvishandisa. Asi zvinogona kukonzera kukundikana kwepabonde kune vamwe vanhu, uye zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kufanotaura kana iwe uine izvi. Dzimwe nguva unogona kuedza kuongororwa kweropa iyo inofanidza utano hwako hwepfungwa usati wagona kushandisa mishonga inowanzoita kuti utachiona hwakakundikana huve nyore.
Mimwe mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kukonzera kushaya kwepfungwa yakaoma mukati mechikamu chinosanganisira kusasha kwe okisijeni muropa, zvirwere zvepfungwa, kuputika muitsvo, uye zvirwere zvepvo. Imwe tsvuku huru yeminzwa inogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwepfungwa mukati menso.
Postrenal: Izvi zvinotsanangura zvinokonzera mafungiro asina hanya akadzika mumugwagwa wemuguta, uko ndiko kwokuti urinini inopera mushure mokunge warongedzwa neitsvo. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinetso zvinosanganisira ureters, izvo zvinotakura midzi inotakurisa urini kusvika kumucheka, chikafu, kana urethra, iyo inonzi tube inotakura urinho kubva mumukamwa kunze kwemuviri.
Dombo guru reminzwa kana tumarara, semuenzaniso, inogona kuwanikwa mune chikwata kana urethra. Kana yakakura zvokuti urinha haigoni kudarika, murini unogona kutanga kutarisa, pakupedzisira kusvika muitsvo. Izvozvo zvinodzvinyirirwa uye kumhanya kwemuguru wemuguta kunogona kukonzera kukuvadza kwakanyanya kuneiyo.
Kuziva
Pane zviyero zvehutano hwehutachiona hwakakundikana. Kana iwe uine chimwe chezvinhu zvitatu zvinotevera mumakore emaawa makumi mana, izvi zvinoreva kuti une chirwere chakakomba chepfungwa.
- Serum creatinine chirwere cheropa chinoshandisa chinetso chepvo. Kana ikasimuka ne33 mg / dl, izvi zvinoreva kuti une mafungiro asina kukwana.
- Kana sarum yako creatinine inokwira ne50% kana kupfuura kubva kumazinga akaenzana, izvi zvinoreva kuti une mafungiro asina kukwana.
- Kana urinha yako inowira ku -55 milliliteri kilogram yehutatu hwemuviri paawa kwemaawa matanhatu, ipapo iwe uchazoonekwa seine hosha kusakundikana.
Urine Production
Kana uine uroyi hwekurwadza kwepfungwa, unogona kunge uchiita muto wakakwana wemukoro kana urinho ruduku. Iwe unogona kuva nekuwedzera kwakakura mumuviri wako we creatinine, iyo inoratidza kuora kwakanyanya kwepuro, asi uchiri kuita urwere hunojairika hwemuti. Vanopfuura hafu yevanhu vose vane chirwere chakakanganisika zvepvo vanoramba vachiita urini mune izvo zvinoita sechimiro chemaitiro.
Kuvanhu vakuru, kurara kwemakirini inokwana 0.5 kusvika ku 1 millilitita neawa pa kilogiramu yehutatu hwemutumbi, kana imwe kusvika maviri pazuva. Kune vana, inenge 1 millilita paawa imwe kilogiramu yakajairika, uye kune vacheche, 2 milliliters neawa imwe kilogiramu yehutatu hwehuviri inofungidzirwa seyakanaka. Pamusoro pekutaura, 30 milliliters inenge imwe ounce yemuguta.
Kune zvikamu zvitatu zvinorondedzera huwandu hwomuguta hunowanikwa mukati mekurwadziwa kweputsvo.
- Izvo zvisingavi nemafuta: Izvi zvinotsanangura mamiriro ezvinhu umo munhu anoenderera mberi kuita muto wakakwana, iyo inowanzo inopfuura 400 milliliters pazuva, kana kupfuura, zvichienderana nehutano hwehutano uye kuwedzerwa kwemvura.
- Oliguric: Izvi zvinotsanangura mamiriro ezvinhu umo munhu anoita 400 milliliters emukoti kana zvishoma pamusi.
- Anuric: Izvi zvinotsanangura mamiriro ezvinhu umo munhu anoita masiremita emamiriyoni emuuro pazuva.
Kurapa
Kurapa kwekushaya kwepfungwa yakaoma kunobva pachikonzero chechinetso, pamwe nekuoma kwemamiriro acho ezvinhu. Vanhu vazhinji vanovandudza nekurapa kwekushaya kwepfungwa yakaoma uye havaoni zvinetso zvekugara kwenguva refu kana kusagadzikana kwechirwere chisingaperi . Kuziva chinetso, nekuwana kurapwa nokukurumidza sezvinobvira, ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivirira utachiona hwetsvo hunoita kuti hupenyu huve nehutano hwehupombwe kana hunoda zvirwere zve dialysis.
- Intravenous (IV) mvura inoyerera: Munhu ane chirwere chakakomba zveputswe nekuda kwekuora mvura kwakanyanya pashure pokunge achinzwa kupisa kunogona kuwedzera pamwe nemvura inonzi IV . Kana pasi yakakwana yemvura inokonzera chikonzero chekushaya kusvuta kwepvo, kupa muviri muviri nemvura inogona kubatsira kubatsiridza mafungu emvura
- Electrolyte management: Kana mvura yako yemvura uye electrolytes zvisati zviri mukati mazvo zvakakwana, vanachiremba vako vanogona kukupa electrolyte supplements, kana kukupa mishonga inogona kubvisa zvimwe zvinodhaka zve electrolytes.
- Rega kushandiswa kwemishonga yechipfupa: Kana chirwere chisina kukwana chinokonzerwa nemishonga kana kuwedzera, kurapwa kunofanira kusanganisira kumira mishonga.
- Dialysis: Kana tsvina isingatarisirwi kubviswa zvakanaka kana iwe uchangobva kuatora, kurapwa kwekidey kukundikana kwakanyanya kunoda kubvisa muviri wemakemikari nokukurumidza sezvaunogona. Dzimwe nguva dialysis inodiwa, nzira iyo mishoni inogona kuita basa reinso nekubvisa chepfu uye kuronga fluid uye electrolyte balance.
Ipiyo Basa Rinoshandiswa
Kuongorora kwemishonga yepyiki iboka rezviongorori zvinoongorora basa rako repso. Iyi miedzo haisati yashandiswa kuongororwa nehutachiona hwekushaya kukwana, asi inoshandiswa kuongorora kana mafungiro ako asina kukwana ari kuwedzera kana kuwedzera. Maitiro ekushanda kwepiyo anowanzotarisa kuti dambudziko racho rakaoma sei, rinogona kupa ruzivo rwechikonzero chinokonzera dambudziko, uye rinogona kudzokororwa kuratidza kana itsvo dziri kupindura kurapwa.
Kuongorora kwemishonga yepyipi kunosanganisira:
- Creatinine: Dhayi yakagadzirwa nehutachiona hwemasisita, mararamiro ekusika muropa rako anopa pfungwa yekuti mafungiro ako akanaka zvakadini nokuti tsitsi dzinofanira kubvisa creatinine kubva muropa. Nhamba iri pamusoro pe121 mg / dL inofungidzirwa yakakwirira, uye inoratidza kuti itsvo haisi kushanda sezvinofanira.
- Ropa Urea Nitrogen (BUN): Urea nitrogen, iyo yakaenzaniswa muropa, inobviswa neitsvo. Nhamba dziri pamusoro pe 25 mg / dL dzinofadza zvepfungwa kusakona.
- Glomerular filtration Rate (GFR): Nhamba iyi inotarwa zvichienderana nenhamba ye creatinine muropa rako, ine kuverenga iyo inobata makore, kureba, kuyerwa, nezvimwe zvinhu zvinotarisirwa kuti zvigadziriswe. A normal GFR inofanira kunge iri pamusoro pe60, uye GFR iri pasi pe20 inowanzoreva kuti munhu ane mafungiro akakundikana.
- Urinalysis: A urinalysis inokwanisa kuziva ropa, mapuroteni, zvirwere, kuvhiringidza uye zvinodhaka. Iyi ruzivo inopa ruzivo rwechikonzero, uye dzimwe nguva kufambira mberi, kwekukundikana kwechokwadi chaizvo.
> Sources:
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