The Essential Dialysis 101
Apo itsvo dzako dzinotanga kukundikana , iwe unowanzoenda kuburikidza nhanho dzinofambira mberi dze kurasikirwa kwepimpidzo basa. Iyi nhanho inotsanangurwa kubva padanho 1 kusvika ku5 yezvirwere zvisingaperi zvepfungwa (CKD). Chikamu chechipiri ndechimwe chakaipa apo vanhu vazhinji vangada chirwere che dialysis kana kuti kuchinjwa kwepvo. Haasi munhu wese anotanga nehutachiona hwehupenzi (gadziriro 1-3), achafambira mberi pachigadzirwa chechipiri.
Chirwere chepo chinouya nereruwa rurefu rwekushambadzira kwezvinetso. Mune matanho ekutanga eCKD, zvinetso izvi zvinowanzorapwa nehutano. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mapiritsi anofanira kukwana kugadzirisa zvinetso zvakadai sokukwirira kweropa, kusagadzikana kwe electrolytes, kuvema kana edema (izvo zvinotarisirwa kuitika muCKD). Zvisinei, pakupedzisira, kana iwe ukaitika kuti ufambire mberi kuchirwere chepfungwa, kana kuti CKD chirwere chechikamu chechipiri, zvinetso izvi zvinotanga kuoma uye zvakaoma kurapa pamwe nehutano chete. Panguva ino, iwe haufaniri kuwana mutsva (kana kuti iwe hauna kukodzera), iwe unowanzodikanwa dialysis. Saka ngatikurukurei nezvemibvunzo shomanana inokosha iyo varwere vazhinji vachave nayo pamusoro pe dialysis.
Chii chinonzi dialysis?
Dialysis inzira inofanirwa kutora dzimwe dzeiyo mafungiro. Inso inoita mabasa akawanda anokosha mumuviri, kunze kwe "kuita urini." Ndakafukidzira mabasa aya muchidimbu pane imwe nzvimbo , asi pano pfupiso muchidimbu:
- Itsvo dzinodzora uye dzinochengetedza huwandu hwese electrolyte se sodium, potasium, nezvimwe mukati mehutano hunokosha muupenyu humwe
- Vanotarisa huwandu hwemvura muropa rako, uye naizvozvo kuisa ropa rako.
- Dzinobereka hormone inokosha kuti iite masero matsvuku eropa, anonzi "erythropoietin"
- Vanoita kuti mapfupa enyu arambe akave noutano kuburikidza nekubereka chimiro che vitamini D
- Vanodurura asidi yakawandisa, iyo inogadzirwa kubva pakugadzirwa kwemasabolism, kubva pane yako
- Zvinonyanya kukosha, dzinodzora ropa rako
Dialysis inoedza kushandura zvimwe, asi kwete dzose idzi.
Dialysis inoitwa sei? Ndeapi marudzi e dialysis?
Iyo dialysis inowanikwa sei inoenderana nemhando ye dialysis. Imwe nzira (iyo ndiyo inowanzoshandiswa kuUnited States) inonzi hemodialysis . Hemo ndiro izwi rechiGiriki rinoreva ropa. Nokudaro "ropa dialysis" ndiyo apo ropa romurwere rinotorwa kubva pane "dialysis access" uye rinoparadzirwa kuburikidza nemashini ine firisi inoshandisa mafungiro ekutsvaira mafungiro. Kana kamwe ropa richipfuura nepakati peiyo fileri (inonzi dialyzer), ropa rakacheneswa rinodzoserwa kumurwere. Hemodialysis inowanzoitwa mu "dialysis centre" ( mukati-kati hemodialysis ), iyo inowanzoitwa kanenge katatu vhiki imwe neimwe, kwemaawa matatu kusvika mana (izvi zvinoenderana nekukura kwemu murwere). Zvisinei, zvinogonawo kuita hemodialysis kumba. Izvi zvinonzi imba hemodialysis . Iyi nzira inogona kuitwa kakawanda sechishanu kusvika kanomwe pavhiki, asi chidzidzo chega chega chinowanzova chidimbu maawa maviri kana mana chimwe nechimwe.
Imwe rudzi rwe dialysis iyo inoitwawo pamba inonzi peritoneal dialysis . Peritoneum inoreva chivako chemuviri. Muchirevo ichi, catheter isingaperi inowanikwa muurwere hwe peritoneum kuburikidza nemadziro emimba. Huchenesa dialysis mvura inobva yaiswa mu peritoneum, uye ichi chemvura inogara ipapo kwemaawa mashomanana apo inonatsa ropa redu. Zvadaro, izvi zvakasviba zvinosvibiswa zvinobuda, uye zvinowedzera mvura yakachena inoiswa. Izvi zvinodzokororwa kazhinji (kazhinji pausiku achishandisa mishoni inonzi "cycler"), uye mangwanani, murwere anozvibvisa kubva kumudhudhudhu uye anotora catheter.
Chii chinonzi dialysis inosvika?
Chirwere che dialysis chinowanikwa kana kuti shunt inzvimbo iyo nzvimbo mbiri dzinoshandiswa kana mumwe munhu ari kugamuchira hemodialysis (varwere pa peritoneal dialysis havazove vakadaro, asi pane catheter inogara zvachose mudumbu ravo). Chimwe chezvinhu zvisingabatsiri mu shunt zvichaisa ropa kubva mumuviri kuenda kumushandi we dialysis, uye imwe inotakura ropa rakachena kubva kumushonga kune murwere.
Ikuti shunt pachayo ihwo hukama huri pakati peyeri neveini. Inoshandiswa nechiremba, uyo angashandisa mutezo wako kuti aite urongwa huno (izvi zvinonzi fistula ) kana kuti angashandisa chimbo chekugadzira kuita kuti izvi zvibatanidzwe (ichi chinonzi kudimbwa ).
Ko dialysis inogona kuitwa kumba here?
Ehe! Pose peritoneal dialysis uye kumba hemodialysis inogona kuitwa nevarwere pachavo pamba. Mushandi wako weephrologist uye mukoti we dialysis achakudzidzisai kwemavhiki mashomanana kuti ungaita sei izvi. Kana uchinge wakasununguka kuzviita, vachakuita iwe kuti uzviite mukunyaradza kweimba yako.
Iwe uchiri kudikanwa kuti uonekwe kamwechete mwedzi nephrologist wako, uye iwe uchava neye nephrologist uye mukoti we dialysis inowanikwa mukudanidzira kunetseka. Vanachiremba ve Dialysis vanowanzoronga kushanyira kumba kwenyu kana chiri chinhu chisingagoni kutarisirwa pafoni.
Ndeupi rudzi rwe dialysis ndiyo "yakanakisisa"?
Kubva pane maonero ezvokurapa, hapana chidzidzo chakaratidza kuti chero chimiro chinenge chakanaka kupfuura chimwe. Izvo zvakanyanya zvekusarudza mararamiro. Dzimba dialysis inowanzofarirwa nevarwere vane kodzero yekuzvitarisira ivo, vanoita basa, havadi kuti "vasungirirwe pasi" kune dialysis centre, kana kuti vanoda kufamba kazhinji. Rusununguko runouya nevekhaya dialysis rune simba uye rinoreva zvakawanda kuvarwere vakawanda. Inowedzerawo hupenyu hwehupenyu sezvo iwe usingatauri katatu-kwevhiki kuenda kune imwe dialysis centre. Zvisinei, "nesimba guru rinouya mutoro mukuru" sezvo iwe uchida kutora hutano hwako hukuru!