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Ipi Isingakwanisi: Chii Chiri Kukundikana kweDiyo?Chii Chinonzi Kushaya Kidini?
Kuora kwepoyi ndiyo mamiriro apo mafungiro haasisiri kuchenesa ropa remarara risingadikanwi mumvura inoyerera uye sezvavanofanira. Izvi zvinogona kuitika nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, uye zvinobva kune imwe nyaya duku iyo yakanyatsogadziriswa kuhupenyu hurefu-huno hunoda dialysis kuita basa reitsvo.
Yakanaka Kidso Kusakundikana
Iko kune maviri makuru emhando yeimpso kusakona, yakaoma uye isingagumi.
Kukanganiswa kwepfungwa zvakanyanya ikozvino uye kamwe kamwe kunokonzera kukanganisa uko itsvo dzisingashandisi uye sezvavanowanzoita . Muzviitiko zvizhinji, zvinetso zvakanyanya neitsvo zvinoshandiswa nokukurumidza kazhinji zvinogadzirisa zvachose kana kuti zvinokonzera nyaya duku nekudzoka kuswedera-zvakasarudzika basa. Kune vamwe varwere, nharo yakadai sekushaya mvura yakaoma iripo uye dambudziko rinogona kurapwa nechinhu chakaoma sekunwa mvura yakawanda kana kugamuchira IV mvura.
Izwi iri rinonyanya kuve rinoreva chirwere chisingapfuuri kwemwedzi mitanhatu murefu, asi chisingaperi chinoreva kumwedzi mitanhatu kana kupfuura pakureba.
Dambudziko reChipi risingaperi
Kurwara kwepfungwa kusingaperi, chinangwa chechinyorwa chino, chinonziwo sekupedzisira-gwara real disease kana ESRD. Iyo mamiriro apo mafungiro anokanganisa kukwanisa kwavo kusvina doro uye mvura yakawandisa kubva muropa rekutsvaga kutendeuka kuva murini. Kana imwe nguva itsvo dzichikuvadza zvakanyanya zvokuti dzinogona kusasa ropa rakakwana kuti richengetedze hupenyu, murwere achada dialysis kana kupora kwepvo kuitira kuti ararame.
Apo itsvo dzinokundikana, dialysis - kurapwa apo ropa rinonatswa uye rakacheneswa kuti riite basa iyo itsvo dzisingagoni - dzinoitwa. Kunyange zvazvo dialysis inogona kuita basa rinokosha reitsvo, kurapwa kunodhura uye kunopedza nguva, zvinoda kushanda kwemaawa matatu ekurapa maawa pavhiki.
Kuvhiyiwa kwepyiyo kwepsosi ndiyo chete "mushonga" wekupedzisira-stenal renal disease, sekugadzirisa kwepfungwa kunoshanda kuchabvisa chido che dialysis. Kuwedzerwa kunokonzera matambudziko ayo asi kunopa kuvandudza kukuru kwoutano hwakakwana apo chirwere ichi chinobudirira.
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Dhiyabhorosi uye Kukundikana KwepoyiDhiyabhorosi uye Kukundikana Kwepoyi
Kusagadziriswa chirwere cheshuga ndiko # 1 kukonzera kwetsvo kusagadzikana muUnited States, inotarisira zvinopfuura 30% yevarwere vane chirwere. Nzira dzakawanda dzevashandi vekutsvaga kwepimpomu dzine chirwere chekutanga kana chirwere cheshuga cheshuga .
Nokufamba kwenguva, kukwirira kweglucose muropa kunoparadza mafungiro ekukwanisa kusvina toxin uye kuparadza kubva muropa. Iyo glucose molecule yakakura kudarika mamolekoro iyo inora inofanirwa kufuta. Iyo inoshandiswa inoshandiswa yakaora sezvo glucose inomanikidzwa mumuginho, uye nokudaro itsvo inorega kukwanisa kufuta maserolekoro maduku. Izvo zvinopfuurira zvinopfuurira kusvikira zvanyanya kwazvo zvokuti tsvina inotanga kuvaka mukati meropa.
Kuyera ropa kunowanzoratidza zviratidzo zviviri zvakasikwa zvekusika uye BUN mazinga. Apo inotanga inotanga kuvaka, dialysis kana kutemwa kwepvo ndiyo danho rinotevera rekurapa.
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Kunyanya Kuwedzerwa Kweropa uye Kukundikana KwepoyiKunyanya Kuwedzerwa Kweropa uye Kukundikana Kwepoyi
Hypertension, kana kuti kukwirira kweropa , kunokonzera kuora kweiyo mafungiro. Sezvo ropa richibuda, itsvo dzinoedza kubhadhara nokuda kwekuwedzera kwezvinetso. Mhuka dzinoputika dzinowedzera pamusoro pemwedzi nemakore kusvikira itsvo 'kukwanisa kuisa ropa risina kunaka.
Kubva kusina kutenderwa, kupisa kweropa kunoramba kuchikonzera kupera muitsvo kusvikira vakundikana uye dialysis kana kuchinja kwepvo kunenge kuchidiwa.
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Chirwere cheHinney Chirwere uye Kukundikana KwetsvoChirwere cheHinney Chirwere uye Kukundikana Kwetsvo
Utachiona hunoperesa hutachiona hunokonzera kupera kwetsvo, zvakafanana nekudarika kunokonzerwa nehuwandu hwemhepo uye chirwere cheshuga. Nehutachiona hwega wega, mhirizhonga inowedzera, kusvikira itsvo dzichirasikirwa nekwanise kuisa zviduku zvishoma kubva muropa.
Kunyanya kuwedzera uye kuwedzerwa zvakakomba zvirwere, inowedzera mikana yokuti kushaya kwepvo kuchaguma. Urinary tract infections iyo isingacherechedzi inogona kutungamirira kune zvinetso zvepyo zvinoramba zvichiratidzika kusvikira apora nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya .
Kana zvipembenene zvakakwana zvakanyanya zvakakwana, kana kusaremekedzwa uye kusatorwa, chigumisiro chinogona kuva chidimbu che dialysis kana kuti kupora kwepvo.
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Polycystic Kidney Disease uye Kukundikana KwepoyiPolycystic Kidney Disease
Kune mhando mbiri dzechirwere chepurocystic (PKD) . Yokutanga, Autosomal Inowanikwa PKD (ADPKD), chirwere chinowanzozvarwa nevana - mwana ane 50% mukana wekuwana chirwere chacho kana mumwe mubereki akatakura. Imwe muvana vachangoberekwa mazana mashanu vane ADPKD, iyo inokonzera kstst kuti ikure paitsvo uye inotungamirira kuinso kusakundika mu 50% yemhosva.
Kushandisa Autosomal Recessive PKD (ARPKD) haina kufanana asi iyo inonyanya kukura kwechirwere ichi. Vose vabereki vanofanira kunge vari kutakura chirwere chacho, uye vana vavo vane mukana we25% wekuita ARPKD. Inenge 1 muvana 20 000 vacheche vane chirwere.
Mune chimiro chechirwere ichi, ksts inokura mukati meimpvo, zvichikonzera kukanganisa kwakanyanya izvo varwere vakawanda vanofa mumwedzi wokutanga wehupenyu.
Kune avo vanopona, chetatu chinoda dialysis nezera remakore gumi 10. Kuita kuti zvinhu zviipire, vana vane ARPKD vanewo zvirwere zvechiropa zvinogona kukonzera zvinetso zvehupenyu.
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Zvinetso zveAsso uye Kukundikana kweDiyoZvinetso zveAsso uye Kukundikana kweDiyo
Kukura kwechirwere mumakumbo, kana kenza kana kuti kushaya simba, kunogona kukonzera kukanganisa kukuru kune zvivako zvepvo. Imwe tsvete yakakura inokwana anenge masentimita gumi nemashanu masendimita, asi zviputi mukati meimpvo zvinogona kusvika masentimita gumi muhupamhi kana kuti mukuru pamberi pemurwere anonzwa zvishoma zvingaguma.
Nenguva iyo chironda chinowanika, kunyange kana chisina kenza, ipi inogona kusacha kushanda. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kukanganisa kwakanyanya zvokuti iyo inetso inofanira kubviswa kuitira kudzivirira kukanganisa kune dzimwe nhengo, kusanganisira moyo. Kana iyo tsvina yakasara iyo isiri kushanda zvakanaka, dialysis kana kutemwa kweutsvo kunogona kudiwa.
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Congenital Kidney Matambudziko uye Kukundikana KwepoyiCongenital Kidney Zvinetso neIiyo Transplants
Kusangana kwepfungwa dzisina kufanana kune dambudziko nemafungiro aripo pakuberekwa. Zvisizvo zvinokonzerwa nemadziro asina kusimba, akavharidzirwa mumuginho unoyerera, chinzvimbo chisina kujairika chetsvo chinokanganisa kushanda, kana kunyange kuberekwa neine imwe tsvo. Kana dambudziko racho rakaoma zvakakwana, sora rinokundikana ringaguma.
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Iroyi Matombo uye Kukundikana KwepoyiIphiwo Matombo uye Zvipembenene Zvesimbi
Ipi mabwe, matambudziko ane ureters (iyo tubes iyo inobvumira urini kuti ibude kubva muinso uye kupinda mucheka), uye mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kudzivirira urinha kubva pakudonha kubva kuitsvo. Kazhinji, dambudziko rinotanga muinso, asi mune dzimwe nguva zvisingawanzoitiki, chiputi hachigoni kuvhara uye urinha ichadzokera kumashure, ndokupinda muitsvo.
Kamwe kubviswa kwacho kwakanyanya, inora inokuvara sezvo urinhi inoramba ichinyorwa, asi haikwanise kubuda mukati memoyo. Izvi zvinogona kuva zvinorwadza zvakanyanya uye zvingaguma nekuvhiyiwa kuti isunungure kuvaka-up urine.
Kana dambudziko racho rakasara risina kutenderwa, itsvo ingasazoshanda uye inogona kudiwa kuti iongorwe chirwere. Muzviitiko zvizhinji, mafungiro asina kukanganisa achakwanisa kubhadhara; zvisinei, kana imwe tsvumbi yakanganisawo, dialysis kana kutemwa kwepvo kunogona kudiwa.
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Zvinokonzerwa Nengozi Nekukundikana KwetsvoKupi Kukundikana: Ndiani Ari Pangozi?
Dzidzo dzakaratidza kakawanda kuti Africa-America ndiyo inonyanya kudiwa kurapwa kwetsvo kukundikana, inoteverwa neVanhu veAmerica, iyo yeAsia / Pacific Islanders. Caucasians ndiyo isingakwanisi kuguma-stenti-renal disease chirwere, nehuwandu hwezvirwere zvishoma zvakapetwa kaviri kudarika vanhu vatema.
Kusiyana kwehuwandu hwezvirwere kunonzi kune zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira mazinga akakwirira echirwere cheshuga mune mamwe madzinza, kuwanika kune utano hwehutano, kuda kugadzirisa zvirwere zvakadai sokukwirira kweropa, uye kukwanisa kuwana mishonga inokosha.
Varume vanowanzova nehuputi kukanganisa kupfuura vakadzi - inenge 55% yevarwere varume. Chiyero chechirwere chiripamusoro pakati pezera remakore makumi mashanu nemakumi mana nemashanu, gore iro chirwere cheshuga nezvimwe zvirwere zvine makumi emakore kuti zvikuvadze itsvo.
Sources:
Zvirwere Zvinotungamirira Kushambira. Transplant Living. 2008. http://www.transplantliving.org/beforethetransplant/diseases/default.aspx
Statistics, United States Renal Data System. 2007. http://www.usrds.org/2007/ref/A_incidence_07.pdf