MunaMarch 2011, njodzi paFukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant muFukushima, Japan-iyo yakakonzerwa nemashure-kudengenyeka kwepasi kwakashungurudza mbeu-yakatanga kusunungurwa kwemazuva uye kusvibiswa kwezvinhu zvakasvibiswa muJapan uye munzvimbo dzakaderera iyo nyukliya michina.
Njodzi dzemagetsi enyukireya dzakadai seimwe paFukushima nemugumisiro wechiripiti weChernobyl muna 1986 pakabudiswa iodine-iodine-131.
Kudavira kune radioactive iodine-131 ndiyo inozivikanwa pangozi yekenza yekenza , uye njodzi dzakanyanya kukura kana kuonekwa kunowanikwa mucheche, vana, uye vechidiki. Pane chikonzero chekufunganya, uye kana zvakadaro, chii chingaitwa?
Tsvakurudzo
Nyoka yakakura mucheche kusvika kumazera ekuyaruka kwekenza yekare inotanga kutanga makore anenge mashanu mushure mokunge njodzi yeChernobyl . Chiitiko chacho chaive chakakwirira munzvimbo dzakadai seBelrusrus, iyo yaiva munzira yekubvongodza kwenyukireya yeChernobyl, asi vanhu vayo vakanga vasina kudzivirirwa nehutoriyamu yeodhiya. (Dzimwe nzvimbo dziri pasi peChernobyl, dzakadai sePoland, dzakawana mahwendefa e-potassium iodide anochengetedza, iyo inodzivirira utachiona kubva pakuvhara iodine inonzi radioactive kana inotorwa mumaawa asati apfuura uye mushure mekunge yavapo.)
Zvichipa ruzivo rweChernobyl nekupararira kwevanhu munyika yose muJapan, Fukushima Health Management Survey yakatangwa munaJuly 2011 kuti iongorore ngozi dzekubuda kwemazuva kuvanhu.
Kuongororwa kwakabatanidza kuongororwa kwakawanda kwetrosiyasi yakaratidzwa yehuwandu hwevanhu vanokomba Fukushima mukuedza kuona kuti kanhi yekenza yakakosha.
Vatsvakurudzi veJapan vakanga vachiedza kugadzirisa kana kune humwe humwe hunoonekwa huripo pakati pehutachiona hwehutu hweFukushima uye kuwedzera kupi kwekuwedzera mumitengo yekenza yehutano muhuwandu hweFukushima.
Migumisiro yepakutanga yaiva pamusoro pevatsvakurudzi, vakawana hafu yezvidzidzo zvakarongwa zvaive nehutachiona hunova nehutachiona hunogona kunge hunova nekenza kana kuti huve nekenza munguva yemberi. Imwe chirwere chepidemiological yakarondedzerwa muna 2015 kuti chiyero chekenza yehutachiwana muvana vaFukushima chaive kanopfuura 600 pamamiriyoni, apo chirongwa chaitarisira chaive mamiriyoni 1 kusvika matatu pamamiriyoni evana.
Maererano nevatsvakurudzi, zvisinei, nepo kune kuwedzerwa kwekenza yekenza, yakawanda kudarika kuwedzera kukuru kwakaitika shure kweChernobyl. Izvi zvakaita kuti vatsvakurudzi vaite kuti "kutaridzika kwemahara kune vagari vemuFukushima kwakaderera zvikuru kune avo vanobva pangozi yeChernobyl, uye hapana uchapupu hwakasimba mukutsigira ukama hwechirwere chekemikari nehuwandu hwemazuva ano muFukushima huripo kusvika ikozvino."
Kunyanya Chirwere cheTroroid, kana Kuti Kuona Zviri nani muFukushima?
Vamwe vatsvakurudzi veJapan vakaratidza kuti utachiona hwepamusoro hwe ultrayroid hunoshandiswa pakuongorora kuFukushima kunokwanisa kuona hutachiona hushoma kudonhedzwa-hunozivikanwa se microcarcinomas-uye kuti zviyero zvekare zvehuwandu hwehutachiona hwehutachiona hwakabva pane zvisinganyanyi kuongororwa.
Vanotaura kuti mamwe mazuru-uye pakupedzisira, mamwe kanzera yekodhi-inonzwisisika inowanika kune avo vanobudiswa sevana kuFukushima kusagadzikana.
Asi vanofungidzira kuti kuwedzera kwekenza yekenza yehutano ndiko kunokonzerwa nekuonekwa kwakanyanya uye kwakapararira kuri kuitika muFukushima, zvichienderana nekuwedzerwa kwehuwandu hwekenza yekenza inokonzerwa nenjodzi yenyukireya. Vari kuratidza kuti mamwe kenza yemapuraneti ichawanikwa nekuti vanotsvakurudza nevatori vemu Fukushima vari kutsvaga, uye vachishandisa mamwe maziso akaoma ekuongorora.
Nyaya ino inopikisana nharo dzakadai dzichiitika muUnited States, uko kuwedzerwa kwemakirini ekenza yehutano kuri kunzi kune mamwe maitiro anocherechedza anoona anokwanisa kuwana microcarcinomas, uye kwete kuwedzera chaiyo mune chiitiko chekenza yekemikari.
Nezvekutora kwaFukushima, Peter Kopp, MD, mupepeti wepepanhau Utachiona uye Purofesa weMishonga, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, uye Molecular Medicine, paChicago yeNorthwestern University, vakataura izvi:
Kunyatsoongorora kwezviitiko zvenyukireya muChernobyl neFukushima panyaya yehutano uye yehupfumi inoramba ichidzidzisa. Panguva ino, hapana humwe uchapupu hwakajeka hwokuti njodzi yeFukushima yakaguma nekuwedzera kwehutachiona hwekemikari, kuwanikwa kunopesana nezvinoonekwa pashure pechiitiko cheChernobyl. Izvo zviitiko zvakakura zvehutano hwehutachiona hunowanikwa kuburikidza nekuongororwa kwehuwandu hweFukushima hunosimbisa matambudziko anowanikwa nekuongororwa kwezvirongwa.
Zvisinei, chero mhedzisiro yakajeka ingadai isina nguva, uye kuenderera mberi kwekucherechedza kwehuwandu hwevanhu vaFukushima, uyewo nekunyatsorongeka kwekuchinja kwemazwi uye maitiro ekuonekwa kwetrojeni carcinomas, inoramba yakakosha.
Shoko Rinobva
Kunyange zvazvo vatsvakurudzi veJapan vasati vasimbisa kuwedzera kwechirwere chekenza yekodhi inokonzerwa zvakananga nehupfambi yenyukireya yeFukushima, inoratidza zvakare kuti kutsvakurudza kwakawanda kunodiwa kuti uongorore mamiriro acho ezvinhu achiwedzera.
Pakupedzisira, mamwe magadziriro epidemiological achabatsira kuziva kana kuiswa kune iodine ye-radioactive-131 mushure mokunge Fukushima aive nehutano hwakaringana kuunza kukuratidzika kwekenza yekenza-yakadai seyakaitika shure kweChernobyl-kana kana kuwedzera kwacho kungoita zvekuwedzera zvakanyanya, zvakapararira, uye nehutachiona hwekenza yekutarisa.
> Sources:
> International Commission on Radiological Protection 2009 Kushandiswa kweKomisheni yeKomisheni yeKuchengetedzwa kwevanhu muEmergency Exposure Situations. ICRP Kuparidzirwa 109. Ann. ICRP 39. 2009.
> United Nations Scientific Committee pamigumisiro yeAtomic Radiation. "Sources nemigumisiro yemayirasi ionizing." UNSCEAR 2008 Bika kune General General Assembly nesayenzi zvinyorwa. Bhuku repiri, Scientific Annex D: Utano hunokonzerwa nekubuda kwemhepo kubva pangozi yeChernobyl. United Nations, New York, NY. 2011.
> Yamashita S, Thomas G (eds). Njodzi yeChroid Cancer uye Nyukliya: Njodzi Dzenguva refu YeChernobyl neFukushima. Academic Press, Elsevier, Inc., Cambridge, MA. 2017.
> Yamashita, S et. al. "Zvidzidzo kubva kuFukushima: Zvitsvakurudzo Zvitsva zveChropian Cancer Pashure Pechiitiko cheFukushima Nuclear Power Plant." Utachiona. Bhuku 28, Nhamba 1, 2017 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. DOI: 10.1089 / thy.2017.0283