Kana mudiwa wako akazobvumirwa kuenda kuchipatara chikuru chechipatara, izvi zvinoreva kuti chirwere chake chakakomba zvakakwana kuti chidimbu chekucherechedza chekurapa uye chepamusoro chekurapa. Chikwata chekuchengetedza zvakanyanya (ICU) chinogonawo kutumidzwa sechikwata chekuchengetedza chakanyanya kana kuti wadhi wechirwere chakasimba.
Mudiwa wako angave asina kugadzikana mupfungwa, izvo zvinoreva kuti mamiriro ake ezvinhu angashandura zvisingatarisirwi uye zvingangokurumidza kuipa.
Kazhinji, vanhu vanorwara zvikuru vanongoda kugara muI ICU kwechinguva chiduku, kusvikira chirwere chavo chichigadzikana zvakakwana kuti chiendese kupinda muchipatara chinowanzogara. Panguva ino, iwe unogona kuziva kuti chii chaunotarisira apo mudiwa wako ari kutarisirwa muI ICU. Iwe ungadawo kuziva pasi pemamiriro amamiriro ezvinhu iwe unofanirwa kutarisira kuti iwe waunoda achave akachengetedzeka zvakakwana kuti asunungurwe kubva kuI ICU uye akazobvumirwa kune imwe nzvimbo yedare rechipatara.
Mhando dzeIntensive Care Units
ICI chikamu chechipatara umo vatachiwana vanowana kurapwa kwepamusoro uye kurapa. Zvimwe zvipatara zvakare zvine ICUs dzakasiyana-siyana kune mamwe marudzi evarwere:
- Neonatal ICU (NICU): Kuchengetedza vana vaduku kana kuti vasati vasvika
- Chiremba (PICU): Kune vana vanoda kutarisirwa zvakanyanya
- Neurological ICU : Kuchengetedzwa kwepamusoro kwevashandi vehutano vasina kugadzikana
- C ardiac care unit (CCU) : Kutarisira varwere vane zvinetso zvakakomba zvemoyo
- Surgical ICU (SICU): Kuchengeta varwere vari kuporeswa kubva pakuvhiyiwa
Nei Vamwe Vanhu Vachida Kubvumirwa?
Pane zvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana zvinotenderwa kubvuma kuI ICU, uye mudiwa wako angangodaro ane imwe kana zvimwe zvezvinhu izvi:
- Kusagadzikana kwemishonga: Varwere vane mishonga isina kusimba avo vanoda kuswedera pedyo nekugadziriswa kwegadziriro yerapi yezvechiremba vanowanzobvumirwa kuI ICU nokuti inenge yakarongeka zvakakodzera pakuona nekukurumidza kupindura.
- Vanoda rubatsiro rwekufema: Vamwe varwere vanofanira kubvumirwa kuI ICU nokuti havagoni kufema ivo pachavo uye vanoda kubatsirwa nekufema kuburikidza nemichina, yakadai sevheti, kuti varambe vachifema. Zvipatara zvakawanda hazvikwanisi kutsigira kutarisira murwere ari pane ventilator tsigiro yekufema. Intubation ndiyo yekuisa mhepo yekufema inotsigira kuporesa. Kubviswa kwekufuridzirwa kwekupumisa, iyo kuwedzerwa, kunoitika apo murwere anokwanisa kufema oga.
- Nhamba yepamusoro yekuziva: Kana wako waunoda asina chaanoziva, asingateereri kana kuti mu coma , iye angada kutarisirwa mu ICU, kunyanya kana iye akatarisirwa kuvandudza. Vanhu vasina ruzivo vangadaro vakatsungirira kukuvara kweuropi zvakanyanya kana zvinetso zvehutano zvakawandisa, zvichida kuchengetedzwa kwakasimba kuti kuwedzere mikana yekudzikinura.
Type Of Extra Care Provided
ICU inobvumira vanopa utano, vakadai sachiremba, vanachiremba, vanamukoti vanobatsira, vanachiremba, uye nyanzvi, kupa hutano hwekuti vangave vasina kukwanisa kupa mune imwe nzvimbo:
- Kuswedera pedyo uye kugara uchicherechedza zviratidzo zvinokosha: Kana uri muI ICU, varwere vanoongororwa kakawanda kupfuura zvavanogona kuva muchipatara chenguva dzose. Zvinhu zvakakosha zviratidzo, zvakadai sokupima kwemwoyo, kurwara kweropa, uye kuputika kwepamusoro, pamwe nemiganhu yakadai sey oxygen uye carbon dioxide level, inogona kuongororwa nguva dzose nemichina yepamagetsi iyo yakagadzirirwa kuongorora nguva dzose. Uye, kunze kwekuenderera mberi kwekuongororwa, vanachiremba vanogonawo kutarisa zviratidzo zvakakosha kakawanda muchengeti rekuchengetedza zvakanyanya kudarika zvavaizoita paidivha yepachipatara nguva dzose.
- Nzvimbo yeCentral inoratidzika kukosha kwemashoko ekukosha: Kunyange zvazvo mudiwa wako achiramba achicherechedza zviratidzo zvinokosha, kuwedzera kweropa uye kuverenga kwemoyo kunenge kuchionekwa pane zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi pedyo nemubhedha. Mukuwedzera, mazhinji ICUs inosungirirwawo nemasikirwo epakati anowanikwa zviratidzo zvevarwere 'zvinokosha kunze kwekamuri. Izvi zvinoita kuti vanamukoti vaverenge zviratidzo zvinokosha zvevarwere kunyange kana vasipo mumakamuri evarwere, uye kuti vazive kuchinja kunokosha nokukurumidza.
- Dzorera kugadziriswa kwemvura, electrolytes, uye mishonga: Mukuwedzera pakucherechedza zvakanyanya kurapa, ICU inzvimbo iyo vatachiona vanogona kugamuchira nguva yakawanda uye yakaoma kugadzirisa zvirongwa zvakakosha, zvakadai semvura inonzi intravenous uye electrolytes yakadai sodium, potassium , calcium, uye magnesium. Mimwe mishonga ine simba inogona kuunza zvinogadziriswa zvinogumira zvinoda kupindura nokukurumidza. Mishonga yakadaro inonyanya kupiwa muCI setting.
- Inogona kuva nedzimwe nzira: Dzimwe nzira dzinogona kuitwa pamubhedha wemubhedha wemurwere hazvifananidzi zvakakodzera kune imwe nguva yedhipatimendi rechipatara. Semuenzaniso, vanhu vane ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt vangada zvimwe zviyero zvinoda nzvimbo yakasvibiswa kudzivirira utachiona, asi izvozvo hazvidi kuti zviitwe muimba yekushandisa. Aya maitiro emitemo anogona kuitwa zvakanaka muI IC paanenge achirega kufamba uye kuvhiringidza murwere.
- Makamuri asingatauri : Makamuri mune ICU haawanzovharwa. Nepo pangave nemaketeni okuzvimirira, varwere vanowonekwa uye vanogona kusvika kune vanamukoti uye vanachiremba vanoshandisa chikwata chikuru chekuchengetedza. Izvi zvinobvumira vashandi vehutano kuti varambe vachiona zvakanyanya varwere uye kuti vakwanise kuita mhinduro nokukurumidzira kune zvinetso zvinongoerekana zvaitika.
- Vashomanana nevarwere kune mukoti: Kazhinji, ICU inobata vana vanamukoti vakawanda pamurwere kupfuura yewaini yepachipatara nguva dzose. Izvi zvinobvumira mukoti mumwe nomumwe kuchengetedza mutsara wematambudziko akawanda ehutano uye kuchinja tsanangudzo yezvokurapa uye kupa mamwe mazano ekurapa kune varwere.
- Vanachiremba vane ICU kurovedza uye ruzivo: Kazhinji, vanamukoti uye vanamukoti vanobatsira vanoita ICU vane ruzivo rwakanyanya uye ruzivo pakuchengeta varwere veCIU. Dzimwe nguva, vanamukoti vanonyanya kukoshesa kutarisira varwere muCUU dzakasiyana dzakadai seCCU kana PICU. Mune dzimwe ICUs, mukoti mukuru uyo anonyanya kuzivikanwa mukuchengetwa kweCIU anotarisira kutarisira kwevarwere.
- Ingave yakanyatsozivikanwa neCI doctors: Dzimwe nguva vanachiremba avo vakanyatsodzidziswa muchechi yeCIU vanoshandisawo ICU. Izvi hazvisi nguva dzose, zvisinei, uye zvinoenderana nechipatara chimwe nechimwe nemamiriro ezvinhu. Somuenzaniso, kana mudiwa wako ane chirwere chakakomba chemwoyo chinoda kugara muCCU, iye anogona kutarisirwa nachiremba uyo anonyatsotarisira varwere pavanenge vari muCCU kusvikira vasunungurwa kuenda kuchipatara chenguva dzose, apo mumwe chiremba achavatarisira. Kune rumwe rutivi, mune dzimwe zvipatara, chiremba mumwechete uyo anotarisira murwere muCCU anoenderera mberi nehanya nemurwere uyo uye anoronga mamiriro ekurapa kunyange mushure mekunge murwere akaoma uye achiendeswa kuchipatara chenguva dzose. Uye dzimwe zvipatara zvine hurongwa hunosanganisira nzira mbiri.
Zvimwe Zvipingamupinyi zvevashanyi
Kune zvikonzero zvinoverengeka, vashanyi vari kunyanya kuvharirwa muI ICU kupinda muchipatara nguva dzose. Zvimwe zvezvikonzero izvi zvinosanganisira:
- Kudzivirira kupararira kwehutachiona
- Kuramba wakanyarara kune vamwe varwere nokuti havana ruzivo muI ICU
- Kubvumira mudiwa wako kuti azorore uye awanezve
- Pasina nzvimbo munzvimbo yeCIU
- Bvumira vashandi kuti vaongorore varwere-vashandi vezvipatara vangazokwanisa kunonoka mishonga kana kutarisa kwehafu yeawa kana kuti kusvikira vashanyi vachibva pasi, asi havagoni kuita izvi muI ICU.
Wako Anoda Kubudiswa Rini?
Mudiwa wako angangodaro akavandudza zvakakwana kuti asunungurwe kubva kuI ICU. Zvimwe zvipatara zvine chikwata chechikamu chechikamu, chinopa hutano hwepakati hwekutarisira husinganyanyi kuwedzera kupfuura ICU apo huchinyatsotarisisa kupfuura nguva dzose. Zvinokonzerwa nekubudiswa kubva kuI ICU zvinosanganisira kubudiswa, kusimbiswa kwezviratidzo zvinokosha, kusimbiswa kusvinura, nguva shomanana inoda kuchinja mavhiriji emvura, electrolytes, uye mishonga, uye zvachose kugadzikana kwehutano.
Shoko Rinobva
Kana iwe waunoda akazobvumirwa kuenda kuchipatara chikuru, unogona kunge uine dambudziko rakawanda sezvaunoona kusaziva uye kusatarisira.
Haasi murwere wose ari akafanana, uye mudiwa wako akasiyana. Nzira yake yekugadzirisa inogona kunge iri nyore kana yakaoma kupfuura yevamwe, uye kazhinji, kusagadzirisa kwezvirwere zvinokonzera varwere kuti vawane rubatsiro rwe ICU kuita kuti kufungidzira kwose kusati kwatarisika.
Pasinei nemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma anogamuchirwa kuICU, vazhinji varwere vanogona kubva muI ICU uye vanoramba vachichengetedza chirongwa chechipatara chimiro kwenguva pfupi, uye pakupedzisira vanopora kubva kurwere hwavo, vachisiya chipatara kuenda kumba.
> Kwakabva:
> Zhonghua W, Zhong B, Xue J, Kuongorora kwezvinhu zvinokonzera kufungidzira kwevarwere veI ICU kuburikidza nehuwandu hwekugadzirisa mafungiro ekuenzanisa: chiitiko chekudzoka kwevatori 1 299 mumakore gumi akatevera, 2017 Jul; 29 (7): 602-607.