Inophagus iyi inoputika, muscular tube inotakura zvokudya uye mvura kubva mumutsipa kusvika mudumbu. Iyo nharaunda inoyerera nepakati pechifuva, nzvimbo inonzi " mediastinum" . Ndeapi chimiro uye basa, uye ndeapi marapirwo angakanganisa demo?
Maitiro
Inophagus inotanga pamutsipa (pharynx) uye inofamba ichienda mudumbu, ichipfuura nepamufambiro uri munzira.
Iyo yakawanda inowanzova yakareba masendimita 25 (9 kusvika ku10 inches) muvanhu vakuru. Icho chinopfuura shure kwetrachea (windpipe) uye pamberi pepamusoro.
Pane 2 sphincters (nzvimbo dzinogona kuvhurwa uye dzakapfigwa) muchigumo.
- The upper esophageal sphincter (UES) iri pasi pekuzvidira pamwe nekudzivirira kusingabatsiri. Inoshandiswa kudzivirira kudya uye zvinodhaka kubva pakupinda mumhepo (trachea,) mune mamwe mazwi, zvinodzivirira zvokudya kubva "kuenda pasi nenzira isiri iyo" (kuda.) IU inogona kuvhurwa uye yakavharwa zvakanyatsojeka, sezvakaita panguva yekubvuta, kumedza, uye kurutsa .
- Icho sasi esophageal sphincter (LES) haisi pasi pekudzivirira uye inoshanda kudzivirira dumbu reAidhi kuti isapinda mumugumo. Doro, pamwe nemhando dzakawanda dzemishonga yemishonga, zvinogona kukonzera kusununguka kweLes kutungamira kuratidza.
Basa
Iyo nhengo inoshumira kudarika zvokudya uye zvinwiwa kubva mumuromo kusvikira mudumbu. Izvi zvinoitwa nema periodic contractions (peristalsis) panzvimbo yemhepo.
Nekurutsa, izvi zvinopesana zvinoderedzwa, zvichibvumira mukati momuviri kuti idzoserwe kumuromo kuti iparadze.
Medical Conditions
Kune zvakawanda zvirwere zvehutano zvinogona kuitika munharaunda. Zvimwe zvezvi zvinosanganisira:
- Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD)
- Kushungurudza - Kuora mwoyo kunoreva kunzwa kunopisa vanhu vakawanda vakawana mubhokisi ravo nepamusoro mushure mushure mekudya kukuru. Kuora mwoyo kusingaperi hakusi chimwe chinhu chisingatori, sezvo kuipa kweeophagus chinhu chinokonzera kechimwe chirwere chekushaya chepaygeal.
- Evhapigitis (kuvhiringidzwa kwegumbo) - Iko rinogona kupiswa semugumisiro wekugadzirisa asidi kubva mudumbu, kubva kune hutachiona, kana kubva kunekukuvara kwechipiri kusvika kuhutachiona hunoiswa muchipfuva.
- Bhuretta yaBarrett - Dhiyabhorosi yaBarrett ishanduko "yakanyanyisa" mukati mezviputi zvinokonzera mhara, izvo zvinowanzokonzerwa neGERD yakareba. Kana iwe wakanga uine chirwere chisingaperi chine zviratidzo zvekurwadziwa kwepfungwa, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira muedzo kuti uongorore sarudzo yaBarrett. Kana kuchinja kuri kuonekwa, kuwedzera kurapwa kunogona kufungidzirwa kuderedza dambudziko rekudzidzira kenza yemajoka munguva yemberi.
- Kanzera yeEsophageal - Kenza yeEsophageal ingeve nekenza ine kupera kwemazinga. Kune 2 mikuru mikuru yekenza iyi. Chimwe chimiro, chirwere chinokonzerwa nekenza sopugeal, inofungidzirwa kuva yakabatana nenhau yekusvuta kusvuta uye kunwa. Chimwe chimiro, esophageal adenocarcinoma kazhinji inowanika muvanhu vane nguva refu yekurwadziwa kwepfungwa.
- Mallory-Weiss misodzi - Iyi ndiyo misodzi yakadzika yeeophagus inowanzoitika nekurutsa kwechisimba.
- Esophageal varices - Izvi zvinowanzoreva "varicose veins" inosanganisira mishonga yechipupuriro iyo inowedzera kunyanya kuve nechirwere chechiropa.
- Achalasia - Achalasia inzvimbo iyo iyo yepasi inotadza kusununguka, kudzivirira kudya kusapinda mudumbu.
> Sources:
> America Cancer Society. Chii chinonzi Cancer of the Esophagus? Updated 06/14/17. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/esophaguscancer/detailedguide/esophagus-cancer-what-is-cancer-of-the-esophagus
> US National Library of Medicine. MedlinePlus. Matambudziko eEphagus. Updated 12/06/17. https://medlineplus.gov/esophagusdisorders.html