Kunzwisisa Zviitiko Zvinobatsira Kupona Nharaunda
Rimwe remibvunzo yekutanga iyo munhu angabvunza kana akawana chirwere chepenza chemapapu ndechekuti, "Chii chinangwa cheupenyu." Zvinosuruvarisa kuti kenza yemapapu ine mukurumbira wokuva nemafungiro akaipa. Izvozvo zvakati, chikamu chekutanga chikamu chekutanga chemukenza wemapapu asina kuvhiringidza uye vanhu vazhinji vanorarama kwenguva refu nehosha. Ngatitarise zvimwe zvezvinoshandiswa zvinogona kukanganisa kufungidzira kwako pamwe chete nekufambira mberi kunoitika kunovandudza kupona.
Nhanho I Yakarwara Kanzera: Tsanangudzo
Nhanho I yemukenza yemapapu ndiyo yero yekutanga yekusava nekamudiki kadiki yemukenza yemapapu. ( Gwara 0 yemapapu yemapapu isati yemauto emapapu emapapu kana kuti carcinoma in situ).
Mishonga inorondedzerwa sechikwata ini ndakaputsika muzvikamu zviviri:
- Nhanho yeAA mapepa emapapu ari mumapapu uye ane masentimita matatu (inenge inch inenge nehafu) muhupamhi kana pasi.
- Chikamu IB mapfupa emakirini ari pakati pe3 ne5 cm muhupamhi uye angave a) akapararira kumusoro-soro bronchus, b) kupararira kumukatikati mukati mukati memapapu, kana c) chikamu chemapapu chinogona kupiswa kana kuputsika.
Nhanho I Yakarwara Kanzera Upenyu Husingatarisiri
Sezvo kenza yemapapu ine mukurumbira wekurwisana uye kuva nehurombo husina kunaka, mubvunzo wekupona unowanzoitika. Usati wamboenda kune imwezve zvakakosha kuziva kuti mishonga yemukenza wemapapu iri kuvandudza uye kuponesa kwehupenyu kuri kuwedzera. Mukuwedzera, munhu wose akasiyana.
Uye pakupedzisira, nhamba dzinotitaurira kuti mumwe munhu akaita sei munguva yakapfuura nemukenza wemapapu. Sezvo pane zvipatara zvakawanda zvitsva izvi hazvirevi kutaridzika kwakarurama.
Zvimwe Zvinoshandiswa Zvinoita Kuti Muchengetedze Muchengetedzo Wemaronda
Zvimwe zvezvimwe zvinogona kuchinja kuponeswa kwekenza yemapapu zvinosanganisira:
- Mhando yako yemukenza yemapapu uye nzvimbo: Inenge 85 muzana yemakondomu emapapu inofungidzirwa kuti haisi duku kenza yemapapu emapapu Izvi zvinodhaka zvinowanzopararira zvishoma nezvishoma pane kenza yemukenza yemapapu , kunyange kenza kadiki kadiki yemapapu inowanzopindura zvakakwana chemotherapy uye remishonga , pakutanga pakutanga.
- Nzvimbo yekenza yako: Kunyangwe chirwere ichi kazhinji chiri kurapwa kwesarudzo pamutambo wekenza yemapapu, mamwe emakumbo aya ari munzvimbo dzinoita kuti chirwere chinotyisa. Kana chirwere chisingaitike, kune marudzi maviri emishonga inonzi radiation iyo inogona kushandiswa nechinangwa chokurapa: stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) uye chirongwa cheproton. (Kuponeswa kune zvimwe zviri nani neVATS lobectomy vs SBRT).
- Iko molecular profile ye tumoramu yako: Isu iye zvino tine mishonga kune vanhu vane mamwe maitiro ekuchinja mumaronda avo. Kuongorora kwema molecular (gene testing) kunofanirwa kuitirwa kune umwe neumwe ane kero kaduku kadiki kemapapu yemapapu. Zvinodhaka zvinowanikwa kune vanhu vane EGFR mutations , ALK rearrangements , uye reRrang1 rearrangements , uye zvipatara zvinongororera kurapwa kwemakirini emapapu nemamwe mazita emagetsi pamwe chete. (Aya marapirwo haawanzoshandiswa pakutsvaga 1 chirwere, asi anowanikwa kana kenza inofanira kudzoka kana kupararira).
- Zera rako: Vaduku vanowanzogara kwenguva yakareba kupfuura vanhu vakwegura vane kenza yemapapu.
- Kuita zvepabonde : Tarisiro yehupenyu yemukadzi ane kenza yemapapu yakakwirira pane imwe nhanho yechirwere.
- Utano hwako huripo panguva yekuongororwa: Kuva nehutano hwakakwana panguva yekuongororwa kunobatanidza nekurarama kwenguva refu, uye hukuru hukuru hwokurapa kurapa kunogona kuwedzera kupona.
- Zvaunoita pakurapa : Zvimwe zvikamu zvehutano zvinokanganisa pakati pevanhu vakasiyana, uye zvinogona kuderedza kukwanisa kwako kubvumira kurapwa.
- Mamwe mararamiro aunogona kuva nawo: Utano hwakadai se emphysema kana chirwere chemwoyo chinogona kuderedza danho remukenza wepamupamu hweupenyu hunotarisirwa. Vaya vasina COPD vane zvirwere zviri nani kune avo vane chirwere.
- Kusvuta: Kusiya kusvuta ndisati ndatanga kuvhiyiwa nokuda kwekenza yemukenza wemapapu, inoratidzika kuchinja zvakanyanya kuponeswa kwehupenyu. Penguva ino, ruzhinji rwevanhu vanova nekenza yemapapu havasvuti, asi kune avo vanoita ikoko kune zvikonzero zvakawanda vanhu vane kenza vanofanira kusiya kusvuta , kusanganisira kupona.
- Kwamunoitirwa: Zvidzidzo zvishomanana zvakaona kuti vanhu vanovhiyiwa nekenza yemapapu pane imwe nzvimbo inobata chirwere ichi (zvakadai sechipatara chekudzidzisa kana kenza huru yepamusoro) ine migumisiro yakanaka.
Mukuwedzera kune zvese zvakasiyana-siyana pamusoro pevanhu, kenza yese yakasiyana. Kubva pane maonero e molecule, dai paive nevarume zana vane kenza yemapapu Ipamu mune imwe imba, vaizova nekenza zana yakasiyana pamakemikari. Kusiyana kwemakemikari unhu hunogona kukonzera maitiro akasiyana emakumbo.
Nhanho I Yakavhiringidza Kanzerano Upenyu Husingatarisiri Nhamba
Mukuwedzera kune kusiyana kwevanhu vakasiyana uye mararamiro akasiyana, zvinokosha kuchengeta mupfungwa kuti nhamba dzinowanzotora makore mashomanana. Zvizhinji zvezvipatara izvo zvino zviripo nokuda kwekenza yemapapu zvakanga zvisingabatanidzi apo nhamba idzi dzaive dzakatorwa. Semuenzaniso, kune dzakawanda immunotherapy uye zvinotarisirwa zvinodhaka izvo zvakabvumidzwa kubvira pakutanga kwe 2015.
Parizvino, inowanikwa makore mashanu ekupona ndeye 49 muzana yevanhu vane kenza yemapapu IA yemapapu uye 45 muzana yevanhu vane chirwere chemuti IB asiri duku duku yemukenza wemapapu. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvakakwirira kune vanhu vane kenza yemapapu vakaoneka nekuongororwa voga uye inogona kuva yakakwirira se 90 muzana.
Nhanho I Yakavhiringidza Kanzera uye Njodzi Yokudzoka
Mushure mokurapa mukana wekenza yemukenza wemapapu, kuvepo kwekupora kwemapapu emapapu kunovapo. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti pakati pe30 ne50 muzana yemapatanhe emaperembudzi emapapu anogona kudzoka, uye kurapa kwakagadziriswa kwakadai semakemotherapy dzimwe nguva kunoshandiswa kuderedza dambudziko iri. Kudzokorora kunogona kuitika mune imwe yenzira zvitatu:
- Kudzokorora kwemuganhu kunoreva kanzura inodzokera mumapapu, pedyo nechokutanga chesava.
- Kudzokorora kwemuhara kunoreva kanzira inodzoka mumakirini emakiromita pedyo nedumbu rekutanga.
- Kudzoka kwakanyanya kunoreva kanzira inodzokera kune nzvimbo dziri kure mumuviri, kazhinji mapfupa, uropi, chiropa, kana adrenal glands. Kana kenza inodzoka kune imwe nzvimbo iri kure inotumidzwa sematenda kana chirwere chekenza 4.
Zvinosuruvarisa, kunyanya kudzokorora kwemukana wekenza yemapapu kune nzvimbo dziri kure. Asi kunyange nekudzoka, kupona kuri kuwedzera. Ichokwadi, zvizhinji zvekufambira mberi kwezvino munguva yekurapwa kwekenza yemapapu ndezvenzira yechina chirwere.
Kukosha Kwemakiriniki Ekutongwa
Maererano neNational Cancer Institute, munhu wose ane chirwere chemukenza wemapapu anofanira kufunga nezvekusarudza kuve mukutariswa kwekliniki. Kune chikwata chechirwere ichi pane iye zvino miedzo yakawanda panzvimbo iyo kutarisa zvikonzero zvekuti kenza yapakutanga inogona kudzoka pamwe nekurapwa kweAdjuvant iyo inogona kuderedza dambudziko iri.
Shoko Rinobva Mumuviri weKenza Cancer Prognosis
Mafungiro emutsara wemapapu emapapu aripamusoro kune zvimwe zvikamu zvechirwere, asi chikamu chetatu chemakumbo acho chichadzoka zvakare. Mishonga iri kuwedzera asi kune zvimwe zvinhu zvaunogona kuita iwe pachako kuti uvandudze kupona kwako . Bvunza mibvunzo yakawanda. Tora pfungwa yechipiri, zvichibva kuchirwere chekenza iyo inoita zvizhinji zvekuvhiya. Tora muboka rekuchengetedza mutsa wemapapu kana munharaunda yekutsigira inhare. Kuva iwe mupepeti wako mukuchengetedzwa kwekenza hakungogadziri kuderedza kushushikana asi kunogona kuvandudza zvawakagadzirisa zvakare.
> Sources:
> America Cancer Society. Cancer Chokwadi uye Zviitiko 2017. https://www.cancer.org/research/cancer-facts-statistics/all-cancer-facts-figures/cancer-facts-figures-2017.html
> National Cancer Institute. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment (PDQ) - Health Professional Version. 03/31/17. https://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/non-small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq#section/all.
> Wang, X., Janowczyk, A., Zhou, Y. et al. Kufanotaura Kwekudzoka Mumazuva Ekutanga Nzira Isina Mhuru Yakawanda Inokonzera Kanzera Kushandura Kodhi Yakagadzirwa Nuclear Nyaya Inobva kuDhigiri H uye E Mifananidzo. Scientific Reports . 2017. 7 (1): 13543.