Uropi hune 4 lobes kune rumwe rutivi. Izvo ndezvenzvimbo yakatarisa, nguva yekunaka , parietal lobe uye occipital lobe . Iyi nharaunda dzinoita mabasa akasiyana uye chero hutano hunokanganisa nzvimbo yeuropi hunokonzera kukanganisa kwemabasa anoitwa nenharaunda iyoyo yeuropi.
Mabasa eThe Frontal Lobe
Irose yakatarisa irobe yakakura yeuropi, inotangira kubva mberi kweuropi anenge hafu ye nzira kuenda kumashure kweuropi.
Inokonzera zvakasiyana-siyana zvepanyama uye kugona (kufunga) mabasa.
Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvikuru basa rekuona kwekupedzisira kunosanganisira kuita sarudzo, kuzvidzora, kutarisa, kutonga kwepfungwa, kukwirira kwepamusoro-fungiro nekugadzirisa matambudziko.
Kune dzimwe misiyano pakati pe lobes kurudyi uye kuruboshwe. Pamberi pechipfuva chakatarisa inharaunda inonzi motokari, inodzora uye inotungamirira kufamba kwechido (chinangwa) chemuviri. Rutivi rworuboshwe rworuboshwe runofambisa kufamba kwerutivi rworudyi rwemuviri, nepo kodzero yekudzidzira motokari kufamba kweruboshwe rwemuviri.
Mukuwedzera, panewo mabasa anowanzotungamirirwa nelokunze kwema lobe kana kuti lobe yakarurama. Rutivi rworuboshwe rwakabatanidzwa mumutauro, kunzwisisa uye kufunga kwakanaka, sayenzi uye masvomhu uye kukwanisa kugadzirisa zvinetso. Izvo zvakakosha zvakabatanidzwa mukugadzira, mafungiro, intuition, kuda kuziva, mimhanzi uye unyanzvi hwokugadzira.
Kukuvadza kunzvimbo yakatarisa kunogona kukanganisa kutarira nguva, kutungamira, mano ehurongwa. uye kutonga. Varwere vane ruzivo rwakakonzerwa nehutachiona vanogonawo kuratidza unhu husina kunaka kana hune ngozi.
Zvinokonzera
Kukuvadza kunonzi lobe yakatarisa kunowanzokonzerwa nekurohwa uye kurwisa kwechirwere ischemic (TIAs), inozivikanwa se mini-strokes.
Izvi zvinoitika apo ropa rinopinda nemumwe wemidziyo yeropa iro rinopa ropa kune imwe nzvimbo yelobe yakatarisana inopwanyika kana kuchenesa.
Zvimwe zvinokonzera kukanganisa kana kukuvadza kune lobe iri mberi zvinogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:
- Vascular dementia - chirwere chekuita kwemagumisiro anokonzerwa nehuwandu hwekuwedzera kwezvikamu zvishomanana
- Chirwere cheHuntington
- Cerebral palsy
- Chirwere chePalinson
- Chirwere cheAlzheimer - chirwere chetementia chinokonzerwa nokushayikwa kweeuroni
- Stroke
- Kurwiswa kwezvinyorwa zvisiri izvo (TIAs)
- Uturu hwebongo
- Zvirwere
- Kukuvara kwepfungwa kunetseka
Zviratidzo
Zviratidzo zvekuvhiringidzika kweropa rinotarisana rinogona kusiyana nokuti kune mabasa akawanda anoitwa ne frontal lobes. Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kusanganisira chimwe kana zvimwe zvinotevera:
- Kushaya simba kune rumwe rutivi rwemuviri kana rumwe rutivi rwechiso
- Kuwa
- Kusakwanisa kunetseka kugadzirisa
- Yakagadziriswa kusika
- Kutadza kutongwa
- Kunonoka kwekunhuvira kana kunhuwa
- Kuora mwoyo
- Kuchinja maitiro
- Kunyatsotarisa kwemazuva, kutengesa nyore nyore
- Kuderedza kufarira zvepabonde kana tsika dzepabonde dzinoshamisa
Kukuvadza kunzvimbo yakatarisana uye nguva dzemazuva kunokonzera maitiro ehutano hwemmentia uye matambudziko epamberiko. Sezvo neuroni dziri mberi uye nguva dzemazuva ezere dzakasvibiswa, masero europi anosvika atrophied (shrink.) Nokufamba kwenguva, kukanganisa kunokonzera kuoma pakufunga, kudzora manzwiro , kusakwanisa kuronga, kunetsa kutaurirana uye tsika dzisina kujairika.
Kuziva
Apo sitiroko inokonzera kukanganisa kwemaodzanyemba kwemashoko, kazhinji Brain CT kana Brain MRI ndiyo yakanakisisa muedzo kuti uongorore pamberi yekurobeta lobe.
Zvisinei, kana pane chimwe chikonzero, chakadai sekutengesa kwemagariro evanhu kana kukakavara , ipapo uropi hwekufungidzira hunogona kusati huratidze kuora kwekuona kwekuona. Kuti uongorore kukanganisa kwe lobe yakatarisana, unogona kudikanwa neuropsychological yakakwana yekuongorora. Kuedza kunosanganisira kutaura, unyanzvi wemotokari, hutsika hwehutano, hupenzi, kutora pfungwa, chiyeuchidzo, kugadzirisa matambudziko, uye mutauro.
Kurapa
Kurapa uye kugadziriswa kwekuparara kwepamberi kwemaitiro kunogona kukubatsira kubudirira kubudirira kwebasa.
Kuvandudza huchabatanidza kusimbisa unyanzvi huripo uye kubhadhara unyanzvi hwakarasika. Pfungwa inogona kuiswa pakuraira manzwiro nekudzivisa kusaita mafungiro.
Hemispheres of the Brain
Uropi huna mahemispheres maviri, kuruboshwe uye kurudyi. Asi, ruzivo rwepamberi dzimwe nguva runonzi inhare, iyo inogona kuvhiringidza.
Iyi izwi rinosvongodza rinobva pakuziva kuti uropi hwepakutanga hwakagadzirwa sehutatu hutachiona hwemhepo, kana zvikamu, asati aberekwa: forebrain, midbrain, uye hindbrain. Chimwe chezvikamu izvi zviri kukura zvine mabasa chaiwo.
Basa rehindbrain nderokudzora kupemha uye mwoyo wekutengesa. Iyo midbrain, iri munzvimbo yepamusoro yenhengo dzeuropi, inodzora zviito zvakajeka zvakadai sekufamba kwemaziso uye zvimwe zviitiko zvokuzvidira. Iko kunotangira, iyo huru uye yakanyanya kunyatsogadziridzwa chikamu cheuropi, kudzora mafungiro emanzwiro uye mhinduro, kushamwaridzana kusingabatsiri, mararamiro ekurara, chiyeuchidzo uye kukwanisa masangano. Iko mberi kunoparadzaniswa kuva hafu mbiri, kana hemispheres, iyo iri pakatarisana nehuma.
Shoko Rinobva
Chero hupi hupi hwehutano hwehuropi hunogona kukonzera kushungurudzika kukuru. Zvingave iwe iwe kana munhu waunoda wakaona kukuvadzwa kwerutivi rwomukati, iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti vanhu vanogona kuwana huwandu hwekudzikinura, zvichienderana nechinokonzera kukanganisa.
Zvirwere zvakadai sedhementia uye zvirwere zvePasinson zvinowanzova zvakaipa kupfuura nguva, uye mishonga inogona kubatsira kuderedza kufambira mberi, asi haigone kuderedza chirwere chacho.
Zvimwe zvinokonzera kukanganisa kwepamberi yelobe, zvakadai sokurohwa, kurwisana, uye utachiona, inofanira kumira uye inogona kunge ichivandudza munguva.
> Sources:
> Neural Correlates yeApathy: Frontal-Prefrontal uye Parietal Cortical- Subcortical Circuits, Moretti R, Signori R, Front Aging Neurosci. 2016 Dec 9; 8: 289