Kazhinji Kanza Kazhinji Inowanikwa Mukuyaruka
Kenza yemafupa rudzi rwekusavhiringidza kunogona kukanganisa vose vana nevakuru, kunyange zvazvo kuri kunyanya kuvana nevechidiki. Yakarongeka zvichienderana nokuti kanaya yakabva mufupa (primary) kana yakapararira kubva kune imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune pfupa (yechipiri).
Primary Overview
Kenza yemapfupa epamusoro inofungidzirwa ishoma Iko kune marudzi mazhinji emukomana wekenza yepfupa, kusanganisira:
- osteosarcoma (inowanzoitika mabhesi uye ruoko rwepamusoro)
- chondrosarcoma (inosanganisira kunyanya mapepa, chikamu chepamusoro, uye fudzi)
- Swing's sarcoma (inowanzoonekwa mumasana, mapira, maoko, uye makumbo)
- inouraya fibrous histiocytoma (zvikuru inokanganisa mabvi nemaoko)
- fibrosarcoma chordoma (kunyanya inokonzera dhehenya nemapfupa echomukati)
Osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, uye Ewing's sarcoma ndiyo inowanzoongororwa maitiro ehutano hwepabonde repfupa.
Secondary Overview
Chikamu chepfupa chepfupa chinonyanya kuwirirana kupfuura primary bone cancer. Sezvo mutemo, apo kenza yechipiri yemapfupa inowanikwa, tinotarisa kenza nechidziro chebviro panzvimbo yechirongwa chakakonzera. Somuenzaniso, kana kenza yemapfupa inokonzerwa nekenza yemazamu yakapararira (mastasized) haingazonzi kenza yemapfu asi panzvimbo ye "cancer yepamusoro metastatic kumapfupa."
Chikamu chepfupa chepfu rinotaridzirwa zvakanyanya uye rinoratidzirwa sechirwere chetatu (metastatic) chirwere kubvira narwo, nenzira yaro chaiyo, chinosanganisira nhengo dzakawanda.
Kusiyana neizvi, kenza yepfupa yemapfupa inogona kuiswa kubva muchitsauko 1 kuenda kune imwe nhanho 4 zvichienderana nehukuru, maitiro, uye nzvimbo.
Zvinokonzera Nheyo
Kunyangwe tisina nzira chaiyo inokonzera kenza yepfupa repfupa, tinoziva dzakawanda zvezviitiko zvinowanzobatana nehosha.
Mutungamiri pakati pezvinhu izvi ndezvemamiriro ezvinhu anowedzera kwete mukana wekenza yemapfu asi nemamwe marudzi ekenza, zvakare.
Izvi zvinosanganisira:
- multiple exostoses (aine chimiro chinokonzera kuputika pamapfupa)
- Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (a genetic disorder inoratidzirwa neganda rinoputika, vhudzi duku, uye mapfupa asina kunaka)
- rename retinoblastoma (iyo yakagarwa nhaka yekenza inobata retina uye inogona kutungamirira pakuumbwa kwemapfupa emapfupa)
- Li-Fraumeni syndrome (a genetic disorder inogadzirisa munhu kune mamwe marudzi ekenza)
- Chirwere chePaget chepfupa (chirwere chinowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma pasi)
Kupera kwemaawa ekupedzisira kwakataurwawo sechikamu chinokonzerwa nekenza yepamusoro yemapfupa, zvikurukuru kana ichipiwa muhuduku. Chimwe chinonzi X-ray hachina kuonekwa sechinhu chinotyisa, asi kuwedzerwa kwepamusoro (kanowanopfuura 60 Gy) kunogona kuva chinhu chaicho. Izvi zvinowanzoitika mumwana ari kutapwa kune rumwe rutivi rwekenza uyo anogamuchira chirongwa chemishonga inonzi radiation.
Zviratidzo zveKenza Cancer
Zviratidzo zvekenza yemapfupa zvinosiyana kubva kumunhu kusvika kune mumwe munhu, asi kurwadziwa ndiko kwechiratidzo chikuru kwazvo. Inowanzoitika mumapfupa akawanda emumuviri, akafanana neaya emaoko nemakumbo.
Dzimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:
- pamwe tsitsi kana kuvhunika
- kuputsika kunokonzerwa nefupa simba
- kuneta
- anemia
- fever
- kutadza kukanganisa kutadza
Kuongororodza Bone Cancer
Kana zviratidzo zvakabatanidzwa nekuwana kwekuongorora kwemuviri zvinoratidza kuvapo kwekenza yemapfupa, kuongororwa kwakawedzerwa kuchaitwa.
Kufungidzira miedzo, kufanana ne-X-rays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), uye computers serial (CT scans), inogona kubatsira kubona masasa asina kuonekwa asingaoneki neziso rakashama. Imwe shanduro yekufananidzira inonzi imaging bone inoita kuti vanachiremba vaone basa rinoshandiswa refupa. Nokuita kudaro, vanogona kuona kukura kutsva kana kuti mapfupa ane hanya angave aputsika.
Pakupedzisira, pfupa remapfupa richapa uchapupu hwakasimba hwekenza yepafu. Nyaya iyi inosanganisira kubviswa kwemazana emapfupa emapfupa kuti aongororwe pasi microscope. Zvinowanzotora nguva shoma neawa uye zvinogona kuitwa sechirongwa chekuvhiya kunze.
Kuita bhizimusi kune mumwe munhu ane kenza yepfupa yemapfupa inogona kunge yakanyengedza sezvo kune ngozi yekuparadzira kenza nzvimbo yakabva. Zvinoda chiremba anovhiya ane ruzivo zvikuru mukurapa varwere vane kenza yemapfupa.
Kuchengetedzwa kwePamusoro
Chinokosha pakubudirira kurapwa kuva neboka rezvechiremba rinowanikwa mumutana wekenza wepakutanga. Bhodhi rako rinogona kusanganisira chiremba oncologists, radiation oncologists, radiologists, chirwere che oncologists, orthopedic oncologists, uye nyanzvi dzechirwere.
Kune mhando mitatu yemishonga yekurapa kwekenza yepamusoro yemapfupa: chirwere, chirwere chemaawa, uye chemotherapy. Kazhinji, zvinopfuura imwe nzira yekurapa inodiwa.
- Kuvhiya ndiyo yakanyanya kufiriswa kwekenza yemapfupa. Kurapa kushandiswa kwechirwere chepfupa chisina kusimba kunosanganisira kubviswa kwekenza katepa tissue uye mutsara muduku wemhando dzakapoteredza dzakapoteredza. Miridzo kana chemotherapy inogona kuitwa mushure mekuchenesa masero ose akasara.
- Kushandiswa kwemishonga inoshandiswa kwemishonga inoshandisa mizinga yakawanda yepamusoro-soro kunogona kupedza maronda kana kupedza masero ekenza zvinotevera nzira. Inogonawo kushandiswa pakuita zvinetso zvekudzivirira marwadzo. Kunyange zvazvo rhetrapiyamu inogona kutyisa masero ane utano ari pedyo, iyo masero anowanzova akagadzikana kupfuura vane kenza uye kazhinji anokwanisa kudzoka zvizere.
- Chemotherapy inoshanda kuburikidza nekuuraya masero akawanda anokurumidza kuwedzera. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvose masero emukenza uye mamwe masero anotsanangurwa nokukurumidza, kusanganisira mvere dzemafupa, bone marrow, uye masero akabatanidza mapepa emimba. Sezvo zvakadaro, chemotherapy inogona kuva nemigumisiro yakawanda .
Shoko Rinobva
Kana iwe kana munhu waunoda akaonekwa kuti ane kenza yemapfupa, zvinongoitika kuti unzwe uchinetseka uye uchitya. Svika kumhuri neshamwari. Kutaura kune vamwe vakave varipo, kana kuburikidza nehuwandu hwemagariro evanhu kana mumapoka ekutsigira akarongerwa nekliniki yako kana nzvimbo yemunharaunda, inogona kubatsira zvikuru.
Tora rimwe zuva pane imwe nguva uye edza kudzidza zvakawanda maererano nehosha yako sezvaungaita. Nokuita kudaro, unogona kuva mutsigiri wekutarisira kwako. Izvi hazvingokubatsiri chete kukunda zviri nani, zvinogona kukupa pfungwa yakasimba yekutonga uye kuzvisarudzira mune imwe nzira inogona kugadziriswa nevanyanzvi.
> Sources
- > America Cancer Society. "Bone Cancer." Atlanta, Georgia; yakarongedzwa naJanuary 21, 2016.
- > National Cancer Institute. "Osteosarcoma uye Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma ye Bone Treatment -Health Professional Version (PDQ)." Washington, DC; yakabudiswa musi waMarch 20, 2016.