Chirwere cheMataplastic yepabonde (metaplastic carcinoma yebamu) chirwere chisina kujairika chekenza yemazamu. Zvinogona kunge zvisiri nyore kubata uye zvishoma zvishoma zvinonyatsozivikanwa pamusoro pezvikonzero kana kuti nguva refu inofungidzira.
Chirwere chemasaplastic chepamuviri chimiro chekurwisa kenza yemukati , zvichireva kuti inoumba mumucheka wemukaka uye inopinda mune mamwe mazinga ezamu.
Izvozvo zvinokonzera kusiyana nemamwe marudzi ekenza yebonde mune kuti matumire aya anowanzo ane mamwe marudzi ezvirugu izvo zvisingawanzowanike muzamu. Semuenzaniso, izvi zvinosanganisa zvinogona kusanganisira masero ekuputika (ganda) kana masero asina kusviba (masero epafupa.)
Metaplastic vs. Metastatic
Izwi rokuti metaplastic rinonzwika zvikuru semastastatic, asi maviri acho ane zvakananga zvakasiyana. Metaplastic inobva mushoko rechiGiriki rokuti "shanduka muchimiro," ndiyo chikonzero iyo inoshandiswa kurondedzera masero anotaridzika akachinjwa kuva eimwe chikamu chemuviri.Metastatic inobva mushoko rechiGiriki rokuti "shanduka panzvimbo," 'kurondedzera kenza yakapararira kubva panzvimbo yayo yepakutanga kune dzimwe nzvimbo.
Kenza yemataplastic yemvere inogonawo kuvhiringidzika kune izwi rokuti metaplasia, sezvinowanzoshandiswa kurondedzera zvisinganzwisisiki pane zvinyorwa. Apo shoko rokuti metaplasia rinoshandiswa mumushumo wehutano unotsanangura masero asina kukodzera mune imwe mhando yezviviri, inowanzoshandiswa kurondedzera masero asina kukwana asi asati aine kenza.
Zviratidzo
Vamwe vakadzi vane kenza yepamusoro yepabonde havana zviratidzo zvachose uye vanozivikanwa kuburikidza nekuongorora nguva dzose. Kune vamwe, zviratidzo zvacho zvakangofanana nezvimwe zvemarudzi echeperepa rehadzi. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Kupera kana kuwedzera mukati memazamu asina kumbovapo
- Unyoro, kubudiswa kana kuchinja mukuonekwa kwekoko
- Kuchinja mukuonekwa kweganda rezamu: kubwinya, kuwedzera, puckering kana dimpling
- Kukanganiswa kwezamu, kusanganisira redness, kuzvimba, nekukurumidza
- Kusanzwisiswa kunorwadza mukati memazamu, kunyanya nechimwe chezvinhu zvinotevera zviripo
Kuziva
Miedzo yekuongororwa nekenza yemazamu yakafanana pasinei nokuti ndeupi rudzi rwekenza iripo. Kufungidzira miedzo inogona kushandiswa inosanganisira:
- Diagnostic mammography . Izvi zvakangofanana nekuita kwako nguva yekuongorora mammogram, kunze kwekuti kuongorora kenza (panzvimbo pokungoongorora chekenza) inoda mifananidzo yakawanda kuti inotorwa uye iongororwe.
- Ultrasound . Izvi zvinoshandisa kurema-mazwi mafungu emhepo kuti zvibudise zvifananidzo zvemuviri wemvere. Iyi mifananidzo inobatsira vanachiremba kuti vaone kana bundu riri muzamu riri kemikari yakazara nemvura kana chirwere chakasimba.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) . Izvi zvinoshandisa magnetic minda kubudisa zvifananidzo zvemukati memuviri.
- Computed tomography (CT kana CAT) scan . Izvi zvinogadzira "slice necheka" mifananidzo yakawanda yemuviri wemuviri, zvino unovabatanidza mune chinyorwa chakanyanyisa-chikamu chinogona kuratidza kuvapo kwemamota.
- Positron-emission tomography (PET) scan . Mushure mekuvirwa kwemashuga e-sugaractive, inonzi PET scan inotorwa kuti ione nhengo dzipi dzomuviri dzinodonha shuga zvakakurumidza. Nokuti kenza yemasera inokura pamushuga, "inosimudza" pane PET scan.
- PET-CT scan. Izvi zvinobatanidza teknolojia yePET neT CT scans, zvichibvumira vanachiremba kuti vaone kuti masero angave ane kenza uye anonzwisisa zvakanyanya kuti varipi mumuviri.
Pamakmography, kenza yemapfupa inonzi breastplastic inogona kuoneka yakafanana zvikuru neyese ductal carcinoma uye masimba ane bhondi iyo inogona kuita kuti kuongororwa kuve kwakaoma.
Breast Biopsy
Chero mimwe miedzo yekufungidzira iri pamusoro inogona kubatsira mukudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pechirwere, asi chifuva chechifu chinodiwa kuti chigadzire rudzi chaiyo rwekenza yemazamu uye kuti udzidze nezvemamiriro ehutachiona, zvakadai sevhesi yechikwata (kushungurudza kwechirwere) uye mamiriro ekugamuchira.
Kuti uongorore zvakananga kenza yepamusoro yemapapiro , mafupa emvere anofanira kunge ari mairi, zvichireva kuti zvigunwe zvishoma zvinobviswa kubva pachipfuva (chirwere kana kuti nesiniti chaiyo) uye kuongororwa pasi pekroscope. Bhiopsy yaiwanzovera imwe mhando yekufungidzira kusimbisa kune chirwere chepachirwere chiripo (zvakasiyana nekwechirwere chetachiona, kana kristi inogutisa-mvura ).
Mamiriro
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti hapana mazamu maviri emazamu akafanana, kunyange zvipembenene zvinorwara sekenza yemapfupa. Zvose zvezviitiko izvi zvingasava zvechokwadi kune chepenza yako. Metaplastic mazamu matama anowanzova nehasha uye anokura nokukurumidza. Vanowanzove vasina kukwanisa maviri chemotherapy uye hormonal therapies.
Kurapa
Nokuda kwekusava kwakakurumbira, nzira dzakanakisisa dzokurapa hazvizivikanwi, asi zvinoratidzika kuti kurapwa kubvisa chiremera uye remishonga inonzi radiation ndiyo inobatsira zvikuru. Izvo zvakaderera zvakanyanya zvechirudzi ichi zvakare zvinoreva kuti nzira yakaedza-uye-yechokwadi yekuita mumashoko inonyatsooneka. Kunyange zvakadaro, sekufanana nemukenza wose, kurapwa pakutanga kunotungamirirwa na:
- Ukuru uye nzvimbo yemarara
- Pasinei nokuti kenza yakapararira (izvi zvinosanganisira kupararira kwenharaunda kune lymph nodes pamwe nekupararira kure kune nzvimbo dzakadai semapfupa, chiropa, mapapu, uye uropi)
- Utano hwomunhu hwese
- Zera pakuongororwa
Ne mibvunzo iyi mupfungwa, danho rekutanga rinowanzovhiyiwa kubvisa tumarara inoratidzika. Kubva ipapo, zvinotevera zvinokonzerwa ne-biopsy zvinogona kubatsira kuziva chimwe chiito:
- Kuongororwa kwekutambira kwehomoni. Miedzo yekutsvaga estrogen uye progesterone receptor positivity ngaione kana kenza dzemasere dzinopindura zvakanaka nehommone therapy, yakadai se tamoxifen , kana kuti aromatase inhibitors seyadjuvant therapy. Tamoxifen inoshanda nekudzivirira maestrogen eestrogen pamakumbo emakumbo anononoka uye ane kenza, sezvo estrogen inosungirirana nemapapiro aya okukonzera kukura mumakumbo eestrogen-receptor-positive. Aromatase inhibitors inoshanda nekuvhara kutendeuka kwemhomoni yevarume (androgens) kune estrogen, nokudaro kuderedza kukura kweimwe mishonga yemazamu.
- Kuedzwa kweHER-2 protein. Iproprotein yeHER2 inopfuura yakawandisa mune imwechete yechina yezvose zvinokonzerwa nekenza. Kana puroteni iyi inowanikwa mune chirwere chinokonzerwa nemhepo, ipapo kurapwa naHercceptin (trastuzumab) inogona kunge yakasarudzwa. FDA-yakagamuchirwa muna 1998, Herceptin inosungira kuHER-2 protein yekenza masero, kuitira kuti kukura zvinhu mumuviri hazvikwanise kusunga uye kuita kuti tumarara iwedzere. Sezvo Herceptin yaibvumirwa, pane mimwe mishonga inowanikawo pamwe neHER2 dzakanaka mumarumbo.
Nzira dzakanakisisa dzokurapa (pamwe nehutachiona kana hutachiona hunotarirwa kana chironda ichi chiri estrogen receptor kana HER2 chinoti:
- Kuvhiya: A lumpectomy kana mastectomy ndiyo inonyatsorapwa. Sezvo metaplastic mazamu emakemikari anowanzove akareba kupfuura mamwe maitiro echepamu yemazamu paanoongororwa, mastectomy inogona kudiwa panzvimbo ye lumpectomy.
- Chemotherapy: Vakawanda vemararamiro aya ari pamatunhu akakwirira kudarika mavhareji emukenza wepabonde paanoongororwa uye saka chemotherapy inowanzokurudzirwa. Izvozvo zvakati, chemotherapy haina kuonekwa seyakakwanisa kugadzirisa kenza yemukomana.
- Radiation therapy: Chimwe chezvidzidzo zvepamusoro kusvika nhasi, chidzidzo che 2017 chakatarisa nzira dzekurapa dzaiwana kuti chirongwa cheradication chemadhivant chakakosha mukudzivirira kugadzirisa kwekodzero uye yezvemagariro mucheteresi yemukati.
Kutsungirira
Kuva nechimiro chakadaro chisingawanzo kenza yemazamu kunogona kukusiya uchinzwa uri wega uye uchinetseka. Heano dzimwe nzira dzekubatsira kugadzirisa zvinetso zvako:
- Tsvaga boka rekutsigirwa . Chipatara chako kana chirwere chekurapa kenza chinogona kutora mapoka ekutsigira varwere vemazamu, kana, zvichida, akakwanisa kukutumira kune imwe. Kunyangwe iwe uri iwe chete muboka nehutano huno, iwe unogona kusangana nevadzimai vari kutarisana nemishonga imwechete uye vane mibvunzo yakafanana newe.
- Wana paIndaneti. Kuti ubatane nevamwe vane kenza yepamusoro yepabonde, unogona kubatana nemunharaunda yeInternet apo vatori vanogovana zvakaitika kwavari. IAmerican Cancer Society ine mutsara mukuru wemapoka ekutsigira online kuti uite iwe.
- Funga nezvekuongorora kliniki. Chiremba wako angave achiziva nezvekuongororwa kwechiremba chinangwa chekudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pemamiriro ako. Kunyora zvirwere izvi zvinogona kuva nzira yakanaka yekukubatsira kunzwa uchinetseka pane zvaunoita uye une ruoko mukuwana nzira itsva dzekurapa. Kuti udzidze zvakawanda pamusoro pezvakanaka uye zvekunakidzwa kwekurapa kwechiremba uye kuti ungawana sei, taura neWestern Institutes of Health clinic test website.
> Sources:
> Levrer, C., Berriochoa, C., Agrawal, S. et al. Predictive Factors Pamigumisiro muMataplastic Breast Cancer. Chirwere Chepabonde Research and Treatment . 2017 July 8. (Epub mberi kwekudhinda).
> McKinnon, E., naP. Xiao. Metaplastic Carcinoma ye Breast. Archives of Pathology uye Lab Medicine . 2015. 139 (6): 819-22.
> Tzanninis, I., Kotteas, E., Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, I., Kontogianni, P., naG. Fotopoulos. Kutungamira uye Zvibereko muMataplastic Breast Cancer. Clinical Breast Cancer . 2016. 16 (6): 437-443.