HTLV inonzi retrovirus inokonzera masero eropa (T-seli kana lymphocytes) inorwisa zvirwere. Vose vane mamiriyoni 10 kusvika ku20 vane chirwere, asi vazhinji havazivi.
Kune marudzi maviri eHTLV, I uye II. Aya mavharusi anobatana. Pane imwe nguva, imwe hutachiona hweHIV yakabatwa neT-seli yakanyorwa HTLV-III, asi izvi zvakanga zvisina kururama. Kubvira panguva iyoyo hutachiona hutsva hwakatumidzwa HTLV-3.
HTLV-Ini inowanikwa kakawanda muCaribbean neJapan, pamwe chete nevaya vane madzitateguru kubva kuSouth America, Australia, Africa, uye Middle East. MuJapan, HTLV-1 inogona kuwanika munenge 1 mu100 vopa ropa, asi mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakakanganiswa, kusvika kune 1 mu10 pamusoro pemakore makumi mana.
Kune masumbu ehutachiona uko mazinga ari anopfuura 1-2% asi anogona kusvika kusvika 20-40% kuvanhu vanopfuura makore 50, sezvo njodzi yehutachiona inowedzera nezera. Iyi nzvimbo dzakapararira munyika yose - kubva kuCaribbean, kunyanya zvikamu zveJamaica neHaiti, pamwe nezvikamu zveColombia neFrench Guyana, kune zvikamu zvepakati nekumadokero kweAfrica nekuMiddle East kunyanya nzvimbo muIran, pamwe neRomania, Japan, uye pakati pevamwe vaAboriginals muAustralia. Pakave nemasumbu maduku pakati peAfrica -America kubva kumaodzanyemba kweUnited States uyewo eAfro-Caribbean kubva kuBrooklyn.
Kunewo mapepa pakati pevashandisi vezvinodhaka veVine, zvakadai muLouisana.
HTLV-2 inowanikwa zvikurukuru pakati pekutanga vevanhu, kunyanya vaAmerica navaAmerica muBrazil uyewo muPanama. Mitengo yaive yakakwirira kupfuura inopfuura 1 mu10 pakati pevanhu mune zvimwe zvekuchengetedza kumaodzanyemba kweFlorida uye 1 mu100 muAmerica vanopa ropa muNew Mexico.
Sei nyaya iyi?
HTLV inogona kunge iri utachiona husingatauri, asi kune vamwe, inogona kutungamirira mune zvimwe zvinetso zveutano zvakakomba zvikuru.
HTLV-1 inogona kukonzera kenza, zvinetso zvematumbo, nezvimwe zvirwere. Asi, zvizhinji, zvakadaro, hazvizove nezviratidzo; zvichida 1-4% ichava nechirwere chekenza, kazhinji pakati pemakore makumi matatu nemakumi matatu nemashure emakumi emakore ekutapukirwa.
HTLV-1
Mukuru T-cell leukemia / lymphoma (ATL)
Iyo mharidzo inogona kuva yakaoma, inoputika, kana isingagumi - kana, mune mamwe mazwi, inogona kunge isingauyi pakarepo asi inononoka kuvaka. Ikoko kunogona kuve nehupamhi hwema calcium muropa, izvo zvinogona kuva nengozi kune itsvo kana murwere mupfungwa. Ikoko kunogona kuva nemakirini makuru (kunyanya mubhokisi mukati me mediastinum), mafivha makuru uye spleens, uye mapfupa emapfupa apo pfupa rakaputsika, zvinogonawo kuva neganda, mapapu, uye mapuropa ekubatanidzwa.
HTLV-1 Associated Myelopathy / tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM / TSP)
Chirwere chirwere cheMyelopathy zvinoreva kuti muromo wepelinha uri kukuvara nehosha. Izvozvo zvinogona kukonzera kushaya simba kwepfupa, kunyanya mumakumbo. Izvi zvinogona kutanga pakati pemakore 30-50 uye zvisingawanzoitiki kuvana.
Inowanzotanga nekunonoka uye kupera zvishoma nezvishoma kushaya simba uye kurasikirwa kwekunzwa. Izvi zvinogona kunzwa se "pini nemasese" - segumbo rako rakarara. Vamwe vangave vane matambudziko okuzora uye vanoda kuendesa kazhinji, vamwe vanogona kunge vane zvinetso zvekudzivirira kana erectile kushanda.
Vamwe vane kurwadziwa uye kurwadziwa mumakumbo avo. Vakawanda vane zvirwere zveganda panguva imwe chete.
Inogonawo kubatanidza nokuvhara maziso kana maziso akaoma (uveitis kana keratoconjunctivitis sicca), marwadzo akabatana (arthritis), mapapu kuvhiringidzika (pulmonary lymphocytic alveolitis), uye kushaya simba kwepfungwa uye kuputika (polymyositis).
Zvirwere Zvitsva: Vanhu vane HTLV-1 vanowanzotarisana nezvirwere zvakakosha. Mhondi Strongyloides inowanikwa munyika yose; inogona kuva hutachiona hwevanhu vakawanda vane HTLV-1. Yakawanikwawo kuti hutachiona hunogona kusungwa ne infective dermatitis - zvirwere zveganda, kunyanya kusingaperi kwema eczema yakasungirirwa Staphylococcus aureus uye streptococcus.
HTLV-2
Migumisiro yeHTLV-2 haina kuderera. Iyo yakasungirirwa kurudzi rweukemukari (hairy cell) asi njodzi haisi pachena.
HTLV inoparadzirwa sei?
- vertical (kubva kuna amai kusvika kumwana 5%, kazhinji kuburikidza nekuyamwisa)
- zvepabonde
- kuwedzerwa ropa
- kugovana kweesingano nemishonga
Haisi kuparadzirwa nekushamwaridzana kusangana. Inowanzopararira mumhuri.
Kurapa
Hakuchina chirwere, asi kune basa rekuwana chirwere. Hapana humwe mushonga chaiwo kana mushonga wehutachiona. Hosha yehutachiona inorapwa zviratidzo. Kenza, ATLL, inobatwa nevanyanzvi vekenza vane chemotherapy chaiyo uye inogona kuvepa mapfupa ekuputika. Zvirwere zvinoshandiswa nemamwe maantimicrobial.