Kana ropa rakawandisa rakarasika, kuwedzerwa ropa kunogona kudiwa
Panogona kuva nenguva apo vanhu vane chirwere chinoputira chirwere (IBD) vanozofanira kugamuchira ropa kubva kune mupiro, zvakadai panguva yekuvhiya kana kuti ropa rakawanda rinorasika kuburikidza nekubuda ropa mumutambo wepamuviri . Pane zvipingamupinyi zvinosanganiswa nekugamuchira kuwedzerwa ropa, asi kazhinji, iyo nzira inobvumirwa zvakanaka uye, sesu tose tinoziva, inogona kuchengetedza hupenyu.
Ropa Donation
Kazhinji, ropa rinopiwa nezvipiri vanoongororwa uye "vanobvuma" kupa ropa. Kuongorora kunosanganisira mibvunzo pamusoro pehutano hwehutano uye nezvehupi hupi hunokonzera zvirwere. Ropa rinongotorwa kubva kune vanopa avo vanosarudzwa sehutano hwakakwana kuti vadaro. Ropa rakapiwa rakaongororwa kuti rione rudzi rwe (A, B, AB, kana O) uye rwakarongedzwa nokuda kwehutachiona hwehupatachi (B uye C), HIV , HTLV ( utachiona hwevanhu T-lymphotropic), utachiona hweWest Nile, uye Treponema pallidum (iyo bhakitiriya inokonzera chirwere).
Ropa rinogonawo kutorwa uye kuchengetwa kushandiswa kweramangwana rako , kana kupiwa nehama. Kazhinji kacho, ropa romunhu pachake rinoswededzwa uye rinochengetwa kusati kwaitika kuvhiyiwa apo kuwedzerwa kunogona kudiwa. Izvi, zvechokwadi, zvinogona kuitwa chete mumamiriro ezvinhu apo zvinodikanwa zvinotarisirwa. Dzimwe hama dzinogona kupawo ropa kuitira kushandiswa zvakananga nemurwere, kunyange izvi zvisingawanzoonekwa sechinhu chakachengeteka kupinda ropa kubva kune vanozvipira.
Nzira
Kana murwere achida ropa, mutsara wakakodzera unowanikwa pakati pevaya vanopa ropa. Kufananidza kunoitwa kunoita kuti hutachiona hwemunhu hupi neropa hurege kuramba. Ropa kubva kune mupiro rakaenzana nechechi uye Rh chikonzero chemupiriri. Kufanana-siyana kunosimbiswa kanoverengeka, kusanganisira pamubhedha wemubhedha wemurwere, kuve nechokwadi chokuti rudzi rwakarurama rweropa runopiwa.
Kuwedzerwa ropa kunoitwa mukati, uye kazhinji 1 unit (500 ml) yeropa inopiwa kwemaawa mana. Zvimwe zvinodhaka zvakadai se antihistamine kana acetaminophen zvinogonawo kupiwa kubatsira kudzivirira kuitika kune kuwedzerwa.
Zviitiko Zvingaitika Zvakaipa
Febrile Kwete-hemolytic Transfusion Reaction. Chiitiko chinowanzovhiringidzika mukuwedzerwa kweropa ndiyo febrile kwete-hemolytic transfusion reaction. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvefivha, chills, nekufema kwekufema, asi izvi zviri kuzvidzora uye hazvitungamiri kune chinetso chakakomba. Ichi chiitiko chinoitika munenge 1% yekuwedzerwa ropa.
Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction. Mumuviri wakaoma we hemolytic reaction, zvirwere kubva mumuviri wemuviri wemurwere anowana ropa rinorwisa masero eropa uye anodziparadza. Hemoglobin kubva kune anopa ropa inosunungurwa panguva yesero kuparadzwa, iyo inogona kutungamirira kuinso kusakundikana. Ngozi yechiitiko ichi inofungidzirwa pa1 pane imwe neimwe 12,000 kusvika ku 33,000 masero ekuwedzerwa ropa.
Anaphylactic reaction. Ichi chinhu chisingawanwi asi chinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona hunogona kukonzerwa nemuiti anogadzirisa kumaplasma omubatsiri. Izvi zvinogona kutyisidzira upenyu uye zvinogona kuitika panguva yekuwedzerwa ropa kana maawa akawanda gare gare.
Ngozi yevanaphyphyctic reaction inenge 1 pa 30,000-50,000 kuwedzerwa.
Transfusion-inosangana ne-graft-vs-host disease (GVHD). Ichi chinetso chisingawanzwisisiki chinowanzoitika kune vakagadziriswa vasingazivikanwi. Kusiyana nemasero machena eropa kubva kune anopa ropa anorwisa mupiki wemakirini anonzi lymphoid. GVHD inenge iri nguva dzose inouraya, asi izvi zvinogona kudzivirirwa nekushandiswa kweropa rairi. Ropa rinogona kuvharwa kana richizopiwa kumutsidziri ari pangozi yeGVHD.
Kurwara.
Utachiona hwechirwere. Kunyange zvazvo mungozi yehutachiona yakaderera nekuda kwekuongorora maitiro avo vanopa uye kupa ropa vachienda, kune chiitiko chezvirwere izvi.
Dambudziko rekuwana chirwere chetachiona kubva kuwedzerwa kwechikamu chimwe cheropa chinenge:
- Hepatitis B: 1 mu 250,000
- Hepatitis C: 1 mu 1.9 mamiriyoni
- HIV: 1 mu mamiriyoni 2.1
- HTLV: 1 mumamiriyoni maviri
Utachiona hwehutachiona. Chirwere chebhakitiriya chinogona kutapurirwa kana pane mabhakitiriya mune ropa rakapiwa. Ropa rinogona kusvibiswa neabhakitiriya panguva kana mushure mekunge yaunganidzwa, kana panguva yekuchengetedza. Ngozi yehutachiwana hwakanyanya inenge 1 mu 500,000 kuwedzerwa.
Zvimwe zvirwere. Zvimwe mavirusi (cytomegalovirus, herpesviruses, Epstein-Barr virusi), zvirwere (chirwere cheLyme, Creutzfeldt-Jakob chirwere, brucellosis, leishmaniasis), uye zvirwere (zvakadai izvo zvinokonzera malaria uye toxoplasmosis) zvinogona kuparadzirwa kuburikidza neropa, asi izvi hazviwanzoitiki.
Sources:
Pall Corporation. "Kuisa Ropa: Kuziva Zvaunosarudza." BloodTransfusion.com 2009. 17 Jul 2009.