MERS chirwere ichipararira asi chichasvika kuUnited States here?
Mukutanga kwaJune 2015, vakuru vekuSouth Korean vakaparadzanisa zviuru zvevanhu nokuda kwekutya MERS. Pakupedzisira, chirwere ichi chokufema chaive chaiva kure neArabia Peninsula. Zvisinei, pakupera kwaMay 2015, mumwe murume wekuKorea ane makore 68 achidzoka kubva kuSaudi Arabia akakwanisa kuzarura vashandi vehutano pazvipatara zvitatu kusvika kune hutachiwana hunogona kuuraya kare vasati vanyatsozivikanwa uye vari voga.
Iye zvino, vanhu vanobva kunyika kumativi ose enyika vanotya kukwanisa kweimwe SARS-yekuputika kwema2003.
Chii chinonzi MERS?
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, kana MERS kwenguva pfupi, ndiyo coronavirus inopararira nemhepo. kuti vanhu vane hutachiwana vanodzinga, mune mamwe mazwi, vanhu vane MERS vanosunungura madonhe ekufema ane HIV. Aya madonhwe anobata zvakananga kune avo vari pedyo nepamusana kana kubatanidza kune fomites kana zvinhu zvakadai semafoni nemidziyo uye kuuraya vamwe nenzira iyi Inofadza, makamera avewo akabatanidzwa mukupararira kweMERS, uye vanhu vari kushanya kuMiddle East vanorayirwa kuti vadzivise kuwirirana nemhuka idzi, kunwa mukaka wavo uye kudya nyama isina kukanganisa kamera. (Hungu, vanhu vanodya nyama yengamera.)
MERS yakatanga kuongororwa zvakajeka muSaudi Arabia munaSeptember 2012. (Kunyange zvazvo isina kumboonekwa zvakajeka, MERS inofungidzirwa kuti yakatanga kuonekwa muJordani munaEpril 2012.) MERS inobata zvisingazivikanwi, uye vanhu avo vairwara nehutachiona hunoenderana nemakore kubva pamucheche kune vakwegura.
Kubva muna 2012, MERS yakauraya vanhu vanenge 400 muSaudi Arabia.
Mune vamwe vanhu, MERS inokonzera zvirwere kana kwete. Mune vamwe, zvisinei, maria yeMERS inokonzera fivhiri, chills uye kupfupika kwemhepo. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kuitika zvinosanganisira kuora mwoyo, kurutsira, pneumonia uye kushaya kwepso. Munenge makumi matatu kusvika ku40 muzana yeavo vane utachiona, MERS inoguma mukurasikirwa kwehupenyu.
MERS inonyanya kuipa kune avo vane simba rekuzvidzivirira mumuviri, kana vanhu vane-co-morbid (chirwere chezvechirwere chekare) sechirwere cheshuga, kenza yemapapu kana kusagadzikana kwepvo.
MERS Inozivikanwa Sei?
MERS inowanikwa ichishandisa kusanganiswa kwezvakaitika kare, kuongorora muviri uye kuongororwa kwema laboratory. Kunyanya, kana iwe uchangobva kuenda kuMiddle East uye uri kurwara zviratidzo, ipapo chiremba wako anofanirwa kufunga nezvekutsvaga uye kuronga reverse transcription-PCR assay. (Muna 2013, mushure mokunge FDA yakabudiswa uye Emergency Use Authorization, CDC yakapa hardware yeMERS kuongororwa munzvimbo huru dzezvipatara munyika yose.)
Mune avo vanotapukirwa, MERS kazhinji inotora mazuva anenge mashanu kusvika matanhatu kuti atore. Zvisinei, mune vamwe, chirwere chacho chave chichiratidzwa mushure memazuva maviri kana kuti kunonoka kwemazuva gumi mushure mekunge kusvikirwa.
MERS Inotarirwa Sei?
Kunyange zvazvo CDC ichifunga nezvekugadzirwa kwechirwere cheMERS, hapana mushonga chaiwo weMERS iye zvino uripo. Pane kudaro, vanhu vane chirwere ichi vanopiwa rubatsiro runotsigira runosanganisira mvura, kuputika uye zvimwe zvakadaro. Uyezve, vanhu munharaunda umo MERS yakawanda inokurudzirwa kupfeka chiso chemasikati kune avo vanogona kutapukirwa.
Vari pangozi vanhu vanofanirawo kuchenesa maitiro avo, kuchengetedza maoko avo akachenesa uye kudzivisa kushamwaridzana kwepedyo sekutsvoda uye kugovana midziyo nevanhu vanogona kunge vane MERS.
Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vane MERS nave sezviri pachena vakave vari voga uye vanorapwa pamba, kana chirwere ichi chikazova dambudziko rechokwadi muUnited States nedzimwe nyika dzakabudirira, isu zvichida tichitarisa mamiriro eSARSesque.
Kunyanya, vanhu vane MERS vachada kuve vari voga muimba yechipatara vane hurumende yekuzvimirira. Uyezve, vashandi vehutano vanotarisira varwere vane MERS vachafanira kupfeka masikisi uye kutora zvimwe zvinodzivirira.
Pakupedzisira, zvinyorwa zvepamutemo zvinoshandiswa zvakare zvichadiwa kuitira kuchengetedza ventilator, nebulizers nezvimwe zvakanyatsodzwa.
Uri pangozi yeMERS here?
Pamberi pekunge kubuda kwekupedzisira muSouth Korea, vanhu vasiri kunze kweMiddle East vaifungidzirwa pangozi yakaderera yekutsvaga MERS. Somuenzaniso, pakati pegore ra2015, pakanga paine nyaya mbiri dzeMERS muUnited States, zvose pakati pevashandi vezvehutano vachidzoka kubva kuMiddle East. Kazhinji, vanhu vane MERS vakanga vaenda kunongopedzisira varwara mumwe munhu. Zvisinei, kupararira nokukurumidza kweMERS muSouth Korea kune vashandi vehutano hwehutano uye epidemiologists pasi rose kudzokorora zvakare kutyisidzirwa kwegciwane iri.
Nyanzvi dziri kushamisika kana nyaya dziri kuSouth Korea dzakakonzerwa nehutachiona uye hune hutsinye kana hutachiona hwehutachiona hwechirwere. Nyanzvi dzinoshamisikawo kana zero murwere muSouth Korea inoputika, mutana wemabhizimisi ane makore 68, i "supercarrier" nokuti akaenda kunobata vanhu vashoma (kusanganisira mwanakomana wake). Mune mamwe mazwi, murume uyu anogona kutakura hutachiona hwepamusoro mumadonhwe okufema anofema. Uyezve, murume uyu akapfuurira kuuraya murume ane makore 35 uyo akabva apedza kuuraya vanhu 82! Pakupedzisira, dzimwe nyanzvi dzinotaurira kuti maKorea ivo pachavo vakawedzera kukurudzira kune chirwere.
Kunyange zvazvo vazhinji veAmerica uye veEurope vachiri kuve pangozi yeMERS, CDC nemamwe masangano ehutano uye hurumende vari kungwarira kuti zvigone kupararira pakati pevanhu vanoenda kunyika dzekuMadokero kubva kuMiddle East uye zvino South Korea. Chinonyanya kukosha, asi, CDC haisi kukurudzira kuti chero munhu upi zvake achinje mararamiro avo ekufamba. Nyaya yekudzoka, vafambi vanodzoka vane zvirwere zvekudzivirira zvinogona kuiswa voga kwevhiki mbiri.
Zvinhu zvose zvinofungidzirwa, iwe unenge uine pangozi duku yekutapukirwa neMERS kunyanya kana usina kuenda kune imwe nyika.
Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoda ari kurwara zviratidzo uye achangodzoka kubva kuMiddle East, South Korea kana nyika ipi zvayo yakave ichangobva kuitika MERS inoputika, zvakakosha kuzivisa chiremba pakarepo. Uyezve, zvakakosha kuti iwe uudze kliniki kana vashandi vehupatara kuti unofungira chirwere ichi kuitira kuti vashandi vehutano vatore matanho anodiwa, uye vamwe varwere vanogona kubviswa kubva munzvimbo usati wapinda.
Ndapota cherechedza kuti pakarepo paunenge uchifungidzira MERS, unofanirwa kuenda kuchipatara chete uye uende kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzevanhu. Kupararira kwevanhu vose kunogona kukonzera matambudziko ehutano. Semuenzaniso, South Korea inofanira kupfigira zviuru zvezvikoro uye zvipatara nekuda kwekupararira kupararira kweMERS.
Sources
Durrani TS, Harrison RJ. Occupational Infections. Muna: LaDou J, Harrison RJ. eds. KUBATSIRWA KUTAURIRWA & KUKURWA: Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 5e . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013. Yakasvika muna June 07, 2015.
Nyaya yakanzi "South Korea Inotsvaga Kutora MERS Virus" naOwen Dyer yakabudiswa muna BMJ muna 2015. Yakagadzirirwa musi wa6/7/2015.