Mubvunzo:
Ndine pacemaker yakaiswa mumakore anenge masere adarika. Pakuongorora kwangu kwekupedzisira, chiremba wangu akandiudza kuti bhati rangu rekutengesa zvishoma riri kuvhara uye rinofanira kuchinjwa mukati memwedzi mitanhatu inotevera. Zvakanaka, ndaitarisira kuti izvi zviitike pane imwe nguva. Asi chiremba wangu anotaura kuti pane kungoisa bhati mutsva, iyo yose pacemaker inofanira kubviswa, uye chimwe chinhu chitsva chinoiswa mukati. Izvozvo zvinoratidzika semarara. Sei asingagoni kuchinja bhatiri mumoto we pacemaker wandinayo, kana zviri nani zvakadaro, kuisa mubhateri inogona kubhadharwa sezvandinazvo mu iPhone yangu?
Mhinduro: Iyi mibvunzo yakanaka chaizvo. Ngatitange nekuongorora muchidimbu chinonzi pacemaker uye chii chainoita. Zvadaro tichakurukura zvakananga mibvunzo yako chaiyo pamusoro pemaketeri emhepo.
Pacemakers - A Quick Review
Kazhinji, chinangwa che pacemaker ndechekudzivirira zviratidzo kubva kurwere sinus syndrome kana moyo block , mamiriro ezvinhu anokwanisa kuderedza mwoyo wako zvakakwana kuti uwane zviratidzo (zvakadai sehudziro , palpitations kana syncope ).
A pacemaker ine kakombiyuta duku asi yakanyanyisa, mazano emhando yeyo kombiyuta, zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemagetsi zvemagetsi, uye bhati-dzose dzakapoteredzwa mukati memidziyo midziyo yesimbi. (Chimiro chechimiro chemazuva ano nhasi chinenge chakakura chechikamu chema50-cent, uye kanenge katatu sehuwandu.) VaPacemaker vanowanzoiswa pasi peganda, pasi pegorobhoni, uye vanobatanidzwa nevatungamiri-kana mhepo yakasungwa - kumweya wako makamuri.
Iko pacemaker inocherechedza mwoyo wako rhythm, kurohwa-ne-beat, uye inoita zvisarudzo zvenguva-pfupi nezvekuti kana kwete iyo inofanira kukurira mwoyo wako. Kana kukara kwemoyo wako kuchiwira pasi pekukosha kwakatarwa kusati kwasarudzwa, i "paces" nokutumira zviduku zvemagetsi kumwoyo wako kuburikidza nekutungamirira, nokudaro zvichikurudzira mwoyo wako kuti urove.
Injiniya dzinogadzirisa pacemakers dzaifanira kugadzirisa matambudziko akawanda akaoma, chimwe chekuoma kwakaoma sei kuchengetedza pacemaker kushanda zvakakwana, mukati memuviri womunhu, kwemakore akawanda.
Mutumbi Wemunhu Ndiyo Nzvimbo Isingatenderi KwaA Pacemaker
Iko mukati memuviri womunhu kune nzvimbo inotonhora, inonaya, uye ine mvura - nzvimbo inonyadzisa kune chero chigadzirwa chemagetsi. Saka pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, pacemaker inofanira kunge yakavharwa chisimbiso (kuchengetedza mhepo nemafuta emvura kunze), uye zvigadzirwa zvayo zvemagetsi zvemagetsi zvinofanira kugadzirirwa kurarama nekushanda munzvimbo ino ine utsinye kwenguva yakareba. Inyanzvi dzakave dzakanaka kwazvo pakuvaka maitiro aya kuti apedze kwemakore mazhinji, uye kushaya kwekuita kwevadziviriri, kazhinji, zvakanaka pasi pe1% mushure memakore mashanu ekushandiswa.
Zvinonyanya kukosha kuti vashandi vevashandi vanove vakavharwa chisimbiso kuitira kuti vadzivirire izvi zvigadziro kubva munharaunda ine utsinye iyo yavanofanira kushanda nayo. Kana vashandi vaikwanisa kuzarurirwa kuitira kuti bhatire ishandiswe, kushandiswa kwechisimwa chemaiti chakanga chisingaiti. Pane kudaro, bhatiri inofanira kuiswa chisimbiso zvachose mukati mekushandisa, pamwe chete nedzimwe dzose dzakashata zvemagetsi.
Izvi zvinotsanangurira nei zvisingaiti kuita mapemaker ne mabheteri anotsiviwa.
Sei Batari Batapemaker Vasingakanganwiki?
Inyanzvi yekugadzirisa mabheti zvisina kufanira (imwe nzira inozivikanwawo sokudhura kwekudzivirira) yave iripo kwemakumi emakumi emakore, uye iwe unogona kutengesa rechargers yefoni yako nhasi.
Saka sei musingaiti makambani epemaker kuvaka rechargeable pacemakers?
Iwe unogona kushamisika kuziva kuti mavambo ekugadzirisa midziyo kubva muna 1958 aive nemabhatiri e-nickel-cadmium (NiCad) anochengetwa zvakare, uye vanhu vakawanda vaitenda kuti kushandiswa kwemabhatiriyuta anowanzogadzirisa nguva dzose kwaizodikanwa pamagetsi ekugadziriswa.
Ava vanogadzirisa zvigadziriswa vakadzoserwazve nekutora coil inductive pamusoro peganda, pedyo ne pacemaker, kwemaawa akawanda. Iyi nzira yaifanira kudzokororwa mazuva ose mashoma.
Rechargeable pacemakers pakupedzisira yakakundikana nokuda kwezvikonzero zviviri. Chokutanga, kunyange zvazvo zvichishandisa rechargeable, mabheti eNiCad ane upenyu hushoma hwehupenyu, saka ava vanogadzirisa zvigadziri vaifanira kuchinjwa kazhinji.
Asi zvichida zvakakosha zvakanyanya, nehupenyu hwevanhu kuti huve chii, vanhu vane mavhinga vanokanganisa dzimwe nguva vakakundikana kudzorera mafaira avo maererano nesarudzo yakasimba yavakagadzirirwa. Mareji ane ruzivo akaudza makambani ekupemaker kuti kana murwere akakuvadzwa kukuvadzwa nokuti mupiemaker wake akarega kushanda - kana kukanganisa kwaiva kukanganisa kambani kana kuti murwere akashaya kubhadhara chigadzirwa - zvirevo zvinotevera zvinogona kuita kuti pave nehupfumi.
Mumakore mashomanana, mercury-zinc mabheti akaumbwa izvo zvinogona kuchengeta pacemaker ichienda kwemakore maviri. Nokukurumidza pashure pacho, lithiriri-iodide mabhetiri akaumbwa anogona kusimudzira pacemaker yakareba kudarika iyo: kwemakore mashanu kusvika ku10. Saka kuwedzera kwekuda kwekudzivirirwa kwemapemaker kwakapera, apo kuswedera kwekutyisidzira kwekutonga mhosva kwakanga kusina.
Kuonga kwekufambira mberi kwekombiki uye basa repamutemo, rechargeable pacemakers yakakurumidza kusiyiwa.
Sei Vasingakwanisi Kuita Mabheji aPacemaker Pakupedzisira Marefu Kupfuura Zvavanoita Iye Zvino?
Ichokwadi ndechokuti, vanogona kuita mabhatiri ekugadzirisa mapemaker anogara kwenguva refu kudarika zvavanoita zvino. Zvechokwadi, muma1960 ne1970, makambani mashomanana emapamaker akaita nuclear nuclear power makemikirwo ayo akashandiswa ne plutinium-238 - iyo ine hafu yehupenyu yemakore 87 - saka avo vanogadzirisa zvinyorwa vakanga vaine chokwadi chokuti havasi kuzobuda "juice" munguva yeupenyu hwomurwere. Zvechokwadi, vashomanana vevashandi ava vanogona kunge vachiri kushanda nhasi.
Paiva nezvimwe zvinetso zvakajeka ne nyukireya zvinodzivirira: kutanga, plutonium chinhu chinonyanyisa chepfu, uye kunyange kana zvishoma zvishoma zvichikwira mumvura, rufu rwaizotaridzika nokukurumidza. Uye nokuti plutonium zviri pachena kuti chinhu chinonyanya kufarira kugadzirisa (uye kunyange kunyange zvinhu zvakasviba mukati mehupenyu hwedu), vanhu vane ava vanogadzirisa zvinetso vakatarisana nezvinetso, somuenzaniso, pavakaedza kuenda kune dzimwe nyika. Vanachiremba vakaisa mishonga iyi vaitarisirwa, pasi pemutemo wakagadziriswa neNuclear Regulatory Commission, kuti vadzivirire vanodzivirira pachipfuva pamusoro pekufa kwemurwere, izvo (nokuti varwere vanoenda kure uye vanachiremba vachirega basa) vakaratidza zvachose kusakwanisa.
Panewo dambudziko risina kujeka nevanokonzera pacemakers vane mabheti ekupedzisira "nokusingaperi." Ichokwadi ndechokuti zvose zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinozopedzisira zvapera.Imagetsi yezvinhu zvinoputika, kana kungobuda kunze.Ipapo pacemaker inokundikana nokuti bhatiri inopera, zvishoma nezvishoma Sezvamakataura iwe, chiremba wako anoziva kuti bateri yako ye pacemaker ichakundikana mugore rinotevera kana zvakadaro, uye iye zvino anoronga sarudzo yekugadzirisa pacemaker paunenge uri nyore.Asi kana wako pacemaker angakundikana nokuti imwe ye mamwe mazana emagetsi ese mukati maro akangoerekana akamira kushanda ... Zvakanaka, kuti kukanganisa pacemaker kunogona kuva nengozi.Iyo inogona kumira nokukurumidza, pasina yambiro-uye iwe unogona kutambura kukuvadza kukuru.
Kana makambani akatanga kutanga kuvaka mapemaker ane mabheti akareba kwenguva yakareba kupfuura makore mashanu kusvika kune gumi, nemhando dzemagetsi ezvigadzirwa zviripo nhasi, vazhinji vanoita kuti pacemaker vaone kutambudzika kusinganzwisisiki, kunokanganisa. Pane kudaro, vanogadzirisa zvigadziro vakagadzirirwa kuitira kuti chikamu chokutanga chinogona "kukundikana" ibhati, uye sezvo "kusakwanisa" ikoko kunogona kufanofanotaurwa mberi, nguva iyo inogona kuchinjwa isati yarega kushanda zvachose.
Izvo zvinobvira, hongu-uye kunyange zvichida-kuti mune ramangwana, zvimwe zvikamu zvemagetsi zvinodiwa pakuvaka pacemakers zvichaitwa kuti zvakanyanya zvakasimba zvakashata pasina mari-inorambidzwa. Apo zuva iroro rinosvika, injini dzinokwanisa kugadzira mabheteri izvo zvicharamba zvakakura kwenguva refu kupfuura zvazviri nhasi.
Asi nemichina yezuva ranhasi, chipemaker chinotora makore mashanu kusvika kune gumi chinoshandiswa kuva chimiro "nzvimbo yakanaka" - ikozvino.
Shoko Rinobva
Pacemakers inoshamisa yeijiniya, uye kubudirira kwavo nekuvimbika kwave kwakagadzikana zvikuru sezvo izvi zvigadzirwa zvakatanga kutanga. Asi pane imwe nzvimbo yekuvandudza. Tsvakurudzo dzakawanda uye kubudirira zviri kuitwa nevashandi vekugadzirisa makumbo kukura midziyo iyo iri nyore kuisa, yakachengeteka, uye icharamba yakareba kwenguva yakareba kudarika nhasi - zvichida, nokuda kwehupenyu hweiye anogamuchira imwe.
> Sources:
> Tracy CM, Epstein AE, Darbar D, et al. 2012 ACCF / AHA / HRS Inotsvaga Kuvandudzwa kweMitungamiri ya2008 yeChechi-Based Therapy yeCardiac Rhythm Kuipa kwepabonde: Mharidzo yeAmerican College of Cardiology Foundation / American Heart Association Task Force pamusoro Pemitemo Yezvokuita uye Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation 2012; 126: 1784.