Kukurukurirana chinhu chinokosha chekubudirira kwekurapa
Munhu wose ane zvinetso zvehutano pane imwe nguva kana imwe muhupenyu hwavo. Vanhu vane autism havasi ivo. Ichokwadi, nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, vanhu vane autism vanowanzove nezvinetso zvezvehutano kupfuura vamwe vanhu. Mimwe yemibvunzo inouya kune vana nevakuru pazvikwata zvinosanganisira:
- Matambudziko emimba (izvo zvinowanzoonekwa nevanhu vane autism)
- Kukuvadzwa (vanhu vane autism kazhinji havana kukodzera kuwirirana uye vanogona kuzvikuvadza)
- Matambudziko akabatwa nehope (vanhu vakawanda vane autism vane dambudziko rekurara)
- Kuora mwoyo (kukunda kunowanzoonekwa kune vanhu vane autism)
Zvinosuruvarisa, zvinogona kuva dambudziko guru kune vanhu vari mu autist spectrum kuti vawane kurapwa kwavanodikanwa-kunyange kana ivo vachitaura uye vanobatanidzwa. Zvakatoomera kune mumwe munhu asiri mutsara , kana kuti maitiro ake anoita seasina kudzora kana kurwisana.
Nenzira yakanaka, pane mamwe matanho chaiwo vabereki nevatarisi vanogona kutora kuti vaone kuti kurapwa kwevanoda vese hakudi kurwa!
Sei Ichi Kazhinji Chichiomera Vanhu Vechiito Kuti Vave Nehutano Hwekurapa?
Kune vanhu vane autism, nyaya dzinoverengeka dzinogona kumira munzira yekurapa, kunyanya mune imwe nguva. Evha Megargel muveki, munyori, uye amai vemunhu asingabatsiri ane autism, uyewo munyori webhuku rinonzi Learning to Kiss .
Anoti Megargel, "Tinoziva kuti pane nyaya dzekukurukurirana, nyaya dzinofungidzirwa , nyaya dzinonetseka-nheyo dzinokosha dzinofanirwa kuendeswa uye dzakapindurwa kuitira kuti uwane rubatso rwemhando dzakadai semumwe munhu." Mune mamwe mazwi, kunyange vanhu vakuru vemazwi pamutambo vanogona:
- Tsvaga zvakaoma kana zvisingabviri kuzviratidza zvakajeka kuitira kurondedzera zvido zvavo zvekurapa
- Tsvaga zvakaoma kana kusakwanisa kunzwisisa uye kutevera mirairo yakataurwa
- Unonzwa uchinetseka mupfungwa nemarambi, kunhuwa, kutinhira, uye kuputika kwechipatara kana chipinda chekukurumidzira
- Iva nemhinduro yakasiyana kune marwadzo kunze kweavo vanofananidzwa nevezera rako (vanhu vazhinji vane autism vane zviremera zvakanyanya zvakanyanya)
- Unoda kufamba, dombo, flick, kana kuti kushevedzera kuitira kuti ugare wakadzikama
Zvisiri-mazwi uye / kana vanhu vanozvidya mwoyo zvakanyanya pa autist spectrum vanogonawo kuratidza maitiro anokwanisa kutarisa kutyisa kunowanzofanirwa nevarapi vasina ruzivo rwevhisi. Somuenzaniso, vanogona:
- Bolt (kumhanya)
- Kuzvikuvadza (kuruma ivo pachavo, kurova misoro yavo, nezvimwewo)
- Iva nehasha kune vamwe
- Danidzira nenzwi guru, kupopota, kana kuchema
- Rega kutarisira
Nemhaka yekuti autistic maitiro anogona kuva akaoma zvikuru mumamiriro ezvinhu anonetsa, vamwe vashandi vezvokurapa vanofunga kuti vari kuona munhu mune dambudziko rehutano hwepfungwa panzvimbo pane munhu anenge ari mukutambudzika. Somugumisiro, vangave vasina hanya nedambudziko rezvokurapa pavanenge vachitarisa kusakosha kwehutano hwepfungwa. Anoti Megargel: "Kana munhu akauya ne autism uye ivo vane maitiro ehutano, vanofunga kuti i-psycho-pharma nyaya panzvimbo yekubvunza kana vachifanira kutarisa nyaya dzeGI."
Chii Chinonzi Vanhu Vanoita Autistic Mukurapa Kwekurapa?
Zvirwere zvinokurumidzira uye zvipatara zvinogona kukuvadza kune ani zvake.
Kune vanhu vazhinji vane autism, zvisinei, vanogona kuva vanotyisa. Kuti vave nekudzikama, vanoteerera, vanokurukurirana, uye vanobatsirana, vanhu vanozvidavirira vanowanzodikanwa:
- Mumwe mumiririri wezvipatara uyo anoziva autism
- Kusunungurwa kubva pamagetsi makuru, kupenya, uye ruzha rukuru
- Zvishandiso zvekukurukurirana zvinobudirira (keyboard, bhidhiyo yemifananidzo, nezvimwewo)
- Mashoko pamusoro pezvatinofanira kutarisira (kazhinji pane zvinooneka)
- Kutsigirwa kubva kune munhu anoziva uye anonzwisisa (kunyange kana chiri tsika kuti murwere ave oga nachiremba)
- Zvizivikanwe kuzvidzora miitiro kana zvimwe zvinhu (zvichida kusanganisira rusununguko rwokufamba, kuzivisa, kana kushandisa chirayi chinonyaradza, video, kana zvimwe zvinhu)
Kubatsira Kunoita Vabereki Kugadzirira Mwana Wavo Kuita Chirwere
Kana mwana wako achizove achigadzirira kurapwa kwechiremba-chirongwa, kuongorora, kana kuvhiyiwa-une mukana wekudzidzisa mwana wako zvaunotarisira, maitiro aanoita, uye nzira yekukurukura nevashandi vezvipatara. Zvechokwadi, zvinogona kubatsira kubatsira nguva yekugadzirira mwana wako kunyange kana iwe uchangobva kuenda kuchiremba wevana kumwana anoongorora mwana.
Heano maitiro mashoma Evha Megargel anokurudzira:
- Dzidzisai mwana wenyu kuti anzwisise countdowns kana nhamba dzinoonekwa (nguva inosvika). Izvi zvinobatsira mwana wako kuti aratidze zvikumbiro zve "kubata mweya wako kwemaminitsi gumi," kana kuti "kumirira kwemaminitsi mashanu," uye ichabatsira zvakare apo unotarisira chiitiko chakadai sokuvhara.
- Dzidzisa mwana wako kuti anzwisise kana kugadziriswa kuchaitika (iyi yakareba; iyi kakawanda). Izvi zvichabatsira mwana wako kuti arambe akadzikama nekunzwisisa kuti nzira inenge yapera pane imwe nguva, nguva inotarisirwa.
- Dzidzisai mwana wenyu kufema zvakasimba, kufungisisa, nezvimwe kuitira kuti musunungure.
- Dzidzisa mwana wako kuti anzwisise nhau dzevanhu (nyaya dzinoratidzika dzinotsanangura zviitiko zvinotarisirwa, maitiro, maitiro, uye zviripo zviripo). Kana zvichikwanisika, tanga nhaurwa yevanhu munyaya yezvokurapa iyo mwana wako achaona. Iwe unogona kuita izvi nekuona nzvimbo, zviridzwa, uye vanhu vanozobatanidzwa, nekutsanangura nemashoko akajeka zvavanoita uye izvo vana vako vanofanira kuita kuti vabatsire. Somuenzaniso, "Dr. Smith achashandisa stethoscope kuti ateerere mwoyo wako.Achaisa chikamu chepamusoro pamapfupa ako.Ichava kutonhora, asi hazvizokuvadzi.Uchagara wakadzika apo Dr. Dr. Smith anoteerera."
- Gadzirira zvigadzirwa kuti uuye pamwe chete. Kana mwana wako achida bhodhi yemifananidzo kana chikwata chekukurukurirana chakawedzerwa, chengetedza kuva nechokwadi chokuti ane ruzivo rwemashoko nemifananidzo yaanoda. Uya nemhando ipi neipi inobatsira inogadzirisa matoyi, mabheji, kana mavhidhiyo.
- Shanyira mberi kwenguva; tora mapikicha; nezvimwewo. Uchada kubvumirwa uye kubatanidzwa kwechikwata chako chezvechiremba, saka itaidza mberi.
- Dzidzira kuitira kuti ugadzirire. Kunyatsotaura kudyidzana kunonyengedza uye maitiro zvinogona kuita mutsauko wese kune munhu ane autism.
- Funga kugovera mwana wako asingatauri nezwi rinobudiswa smartphone kana padhi iyo inomubvumira kunyora mifananidzo kana kunyora pabhobhobho uye ezvo izwi rinogadzirwa rinoverenga mharidzo. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti kukurukurirana nevarapi vashandise.
Kubatsira Kunoita Vabereki Kubatsira Vanachiremba Kuti Vashande Nevana Vavo Vechiremera
Iko pfungwa huru yekukurukura nevashandi vezvechiremba kumakiriniki enyu kana kuti chipatara musati mwana wenyu aida kutarisirwa. Nenzira iyo, apo mwana wako paanosvika, munhu wose achava nemafungiro akanaka ekutarisira, nzira yekukurukurirana, uye kuti ungabatsira sei mwana wako kuti ave nechiitiko chakanakisisa chekurapa. Megargel anoratidza kuti vabereki:
- Taura neanoparidzirwa. Kwete chete anogona kukuudza chaicho chaunotarisira muimba yekurindira, asi anogonawo kukubatsira iwe kutaurira zvinodiwa nemwana wako kuvamwe vashandi.
- Taura nechiremba wemwana wako. Tsanangura kutsvaga kwemwana wako uye mano ake, uye kumubvunze zita remunhu anozogona kurongedza kutarisira mwana wako.
- Taura nemureri mukuru. Zvingave muhofisi, kliniki, kana chipatara, mukoti mukuru kana mukoti mushandi angangove akabatanidzwa zvikuru nekuchengeta mwana wako. Kana iye achiziva zvakanyanya, zviri nani kuti agadzirire kuita basa rakaoma.
- Ipa ruzivo pamusoro pemwana wako. Pane "nzira dzakanakisisa" dzekuswedera kwaari here? Kutaurirana naye? Mubatsire kuti arambe akadzikama?
- Mutsigira kuti unyarare, nzvimbo shoma-kunyange kuziva kuti nzvimbo yakadaro inogona kuva yakaoma kuuya noutano.
- Batsira mwana wako nekutsanangura kuti mwana wako anotaura sei nekusimbisa kuti uve naye. Iva akajeka kuti pasinei nenyaya iyo inofanira kunge yakanatswa chigadzirwa chakawedzerwa chekukurukurirana-kunyange muimba yekushandisa.
- Ipa ruzivo rwakajeka, rudimbu pamusoro penhoroondo yemwana wako, kunyanya kunetseka kwezvoutano, mishonga, uye zvinogona kuitika.
- Tsanangura kuti kutaura kwekutambudzika mu autism hakushamisi; Unhu hunoshamisa kana hutsinye hunogona kunge huri kuratidza kurwadziwa panzvimbo pekutsamwa kwechisimba.
- Iva wakagadzirira kutsigira uye / kana kubata mamiriro ekuzvibata. Iva nepfungwa dzakagadzirirwa kupinda mukati kana kuchengeteka kana vamwe vanhu vatanga kupinda.
Nzira Yokusarudza Autism-Friendly Doctor
Vabereki vakawanda vanosarudza chiremba pamusana pezvirongwa, inshuwarisi, uye kuswedera pedyo. Kunyange zvazvo zvimwechetezvo zvingashanda kune mwana we autistic, mikana iwe unoda zvishoma zvimwe ruzivo musati wasarudza dhiana kana chiremba wemhuri. Evha Megargel anokurudzira kutarisa pedyo kuti uone kana chiremba waunoshanyira (kunyange kana "mwana" wako iye zvino ava kupfuura 18):
- Anoda kumira uye kutora nguva yekubvunza mibvunzo uye kubatana newe nemwana wako
- Yakagadzirirwa kushandisa zvishandiso zvinoonekwa pamwe nemashoko ekukurukura nemwana wako
- Anokomborera mwana wako uye anobvunza nezve nzira yakanakisisa yekukurukurirana zvinobudirira
- Kunoratidza kushivirira kana mwana wako achiita seanetseka kana ane maitiro akaoma
- Kufunga pamusoro pako, mubereki, sechikamu cheboka
Shoko Rinobva
Mwana wako wekutenderera anoda uye anofanirwa kutarisirwa kwehutano hwakanaka-kunyange kana zvichitora basa rakawedzerwa kune umwe neumwe chikamu chekuti ave nechokwadi chokuti anochiwana. Nokugadzirira zvose mwana wako neboka rake rezvehutano mberi kwenguva, uye kusarudza vanachiremba nouchenjeri, unogona kumisa mwana wako kuti abudirire. Sezvakakosha, iwe unogona kubatsira kuve nekubudirira kwehutano hwehutano.
> Sources:
> Kubvunzurudza naEva Megargel. February 2017.
> Megargel, E., et al. Autism uye zvipatara: mamiriro akaoma. Academic Pediatrics, Bhuku 12, Nyaya 6, Mapeji 469-470, November / December 2012.
> Soraya, Lynne. Zvipingamupinyi zvekurapa kwekurapa kwevanhu vakuru vemu autistic. Psychology Nhasi. Webhu. June 2014.