Kutora matanho ekudzivirira kutenga salmonella zvirwere zvinogona kukuponesa iwe nemhuri yako kubva pakuva mumwe wevanhu vane mamiriyoni 1.2 muUnited States vanobata chirwere ichi gore negore. Kuchengetedza utachiona kunonyanya kukosha kune avo vari panjodzi yekurwara kwakakomba, kusanganisira vana vaduku, vakwegura, uye avo vane utachiona husina simba hwekudzivirira zvirwere .
Nepo vanhu vakawanda vachiwana mararamiro anowedzera mararamiro ayo mumazuva mashomanana, vanenge 450 vanhu vanopera gore negore kubva kune salmonellosis yakaoma.
Iyo bhakitiriya inotarisira salmonella inopararira nezvokudya zvakasvibiswa uye nekubata mhuka dzinotakure mucheka dzavo. Hakuchina mushonga we salmonella uye iwe unogona kubata chirwere ichi kakawanda, saka zvinokosha kuti usasangana nebhakitiriya.
Transmission
Salmonellosis chirwere chinosanganisira marwere, fever, uye mimba dzomukati. Iyo mabhakitiriya anopararira mumucheka. Vamwe vanhu vane utano asi vanotakura mabhakitiriya. Shandisa mazano aya kuitira kuti usapa salmonella kune vamwe kana kuti uwane kubva kwavari :
- Nguva dzose oshambidza maoko ako zvakakwana mushure mekushandisa chimbuzi, kushandura diapers, uye usati wagadzirira kudya.
- Munhu ane salmonelisis havafaniri kugadzirira kudya kana kudira mvura kune vamwe kusvikira vasisina zviratidzo zvemaawa 48.
- Munhu ane salmonelisis haafaniri kudzokera kubasa , kutarisira vana, kana chikoro kusvikira vasisina zviratidzo zvemaawa 48.
- Usaenda kushambira kana iwe uine chirwere mukati memakore 24 apfuura.
Zvokudya Kugadzirira nekubata
Pane zvakawanda zvekudya zvinoshandiswa zvinotarisirwa kudzivirira salmonella zvirwere kubva kune zvekudya. Iyi miitiro inokosha apo uchidya, kubika kumba, nekugadzira zvokudya mumaresitorendi.
Clean
- Shamba maoko ako usati waita uye shure kwekubata kwako zvinhu zvekudya.
- Gezai basa rekicheni pamusoro penzvimbo uye midziyo ye sese nemvura mushure mekugadzirira chimwe chezvinhu zvekudya.
- Zviri nani kushandisa matafura emapepa kuti uchenese nzvimbo yekicheni pane zvingaporeti kana machira. Kana ukashandisa michina yerineni, inofanira kushambidzwa mumvura inopisa mumushini wokuchenesa mushure mekushandisa imwe neimwe.
- Kunyatsogeza zvinotanga kusadya.
- Girai uye gurai mashizha kana kunze kwemichero nemichero.
- Sveta mishonga inokonzera mishonga, yakadai semapatati uye karoti, kana uchida kudya ganda.
Zvitsaura
- Paunenge uchitengesa, chengeta nyama yakasvibirira, huku, uye hove zvakasiyana nedzimwe zvinhu. Zvichengetedze pachavo mufiriji.
- Mushure mekutaurirana nyama yakatsvuka kana nkhuku, vashambidza maoko, zvishongo zvekicheni, midziyo, mahwendefa, ndiro, nezvimwe nesipo nemvura pakarepo. Zvinonyanya kukosha kuti usashandise midziyo isina kushambwa uye zvimwe zvinhu zvekudya izvo zvichange zvichishandiswa zvisina kuvekwa kana nyama iyo yave yakabikwa.
- Zvakanakisisa kuva nemapuranga akasiyana-siyana akazvimirira nyama yakasvibirira uye yezvibereko sekuchenesa hakugoni kubvisa mabhakitiriya ose.
- Usashanda nehoku yakasvibira kana nyama uye kubata mwana (saizvozvowo, kudya, shandura shandara) panguva imwe chete.
Cook
- Cook yehuku, pasi nyuchi, uye mazai musati madya. Usadya kana kunwa zvokudya zvine mazai akaomeswa kana mukaka usina kuomeswa usingabviri. Mazai mazai angave asingazivikanwi mune zvimwe zvokudya zvakadai se homemade hollandaise sauce, mavara ekugadzira saladhi, tiramisu, mahara ice cream, mahara maeyonnaise, daokie daw, eggnog, uye frostings.
- Kana ukashumira nyama isina kudya, huku kana mazai muresitorendi, usazeza kuidzosera kukicheni kuti uwedzere kubika. Nguruve uye nyama, kusanganisira hamburgers, inofanira kunge yakagadzirwa zvakanaka, kwete pakati mukati.
Chill
- Chengetai firijiji yakachena uye inotonhora (40 F kana pasi kune firiji).
- Kuvhara nefriji yekutengesa iwe watema.
- Verenga uye tevera mairaira akadai seokuti "Chengeta firiji" kana "Shandisa By" (rimwe zuva).
- Gara wakagadzirirwa michero saladi kana zvimwe zvakagadzirwa muchero firiji kusvikira usati washumira. Rambai bvisa bvisa zvinhu kana vakabuda kunze kwefriji kwemaawa anopfuura mana.
General
- Umukaka wamai ndiyo zvokudya zvakachengeteka zvechecheche. Kuberekwa kunodzivirira salmonellosis nezvimwe zvinetso zvehutano zvakawanda. Shamba maoko ako asati anwisa mwana wako.
- Usanwe mvura isingateereri inogona kusvibiswa nemhuka yakasvibiswa.
Mhuka uye Pet Contact
Kunyange zvazvo mhuka dzingaendesa salmonella kuna ani zvake, pane mapoka ari mumatambudziko makuru uye anofanirwa kudzivisa kusangana nemhuka dzinowanzoendesa mabhakitiriya. Aya mapoka anosanganisira vacheche, vana vane makore mashanu uye vaduku, vanhu vakuru vanopfuura makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu, uye vanhu vane kuderedzwa kwezvirwere zvekuzvidzivirira (HIV / AIDS, chemotherapy, avo vanogadzira mutumbi).
Mhuka dzakanyanya kuisa mungozi dzakapfurikidza (turtles, iguanas, mamwe madzizi, nyoka), amphibians (matatya, salamanders), uye hupenyu hwehukuku (huku, madaki, geese, turkeys).
Mamwe mhuka dzinogona kutumira salmonella dzinosanganisira shiri dzinokambaira, makonzo (hamsters, guinea nguruve, rats, mice), hedgehogs, zvipfuwo zvepurazi, imbwa, makati, uye mabhiza. Iyo mabhakitiriya inonyanya kuwanikwa mumucheka wavo, asi huno hwavo, marhenga, mabhedha, maoyiki, zvokudya, zvokudya, mapeji, kana mapuranga zvichabatawo zvirwere. Mhuka idzi dzinogona kuva dzakakwana zvakakwana uye dzichitakura mabhakitiriya.
Shandisa mazano aya kuderedza dambudziko rako uye kudzivirira vanhu vari mumapoka akakwirira:
- Shamba maoko ako nesipo nemvura mushure mekunge uchitarisana nemhuka, zvivako zvavo, kana mashanga avo. Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvinoshanda kune chero mhuka kana chipfuwo, iyo inonyanya kunetseka nemhuka dzinokambaira, mafikira, kana shiri.
- Vanhu vari mumapoka akakanganisa vanofanirwa kudzivisa zvakananga kana kunyange zvisina kufanira kusangana nemhuka dzinokambaira, mafikira, uye mhuka dzinochengetwa. Mhuka idzi hadzifaniri kuchengetwa semhuka dzemhuka mumhuri dzine nhengo dziri mumapoka ane ngozi, kana pane zvivako zvemasikati, nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza vakuru, kana zvipatara.
- Usabvumira mhuka dzakanyanya ngozi kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzaunodya kana kunwa. Usadya, kunwa, kana kusvuta kana uchikomberedza mhuka idzodzo.
- Kuchengetedza zvinyorwa kana kushanyira mupurazi zvakanakisisa zvakachengeterwa vana vanopfuura makore mashanu, nekutarisa.
- Vanhu vakuru vari mumapoka akakwirira havafanire kuchenesa chero chinhu chipi nechipi chemhuka kana chipfuwo chemhuka vasina kupfeka magasi. Vana vane makore 5 uye pasi havafaniri kupiwa mabasa akadaro.
- Kana uchishambidza mhuka dzemhuka kana zvinhu zvako, edza kuzviita panze. Usarega mvura mumvura yakashandiswa pakugadzirira kudya. Shandisa bleach kuti usasvibise chero sink, tub, kana chimbuzi shure.
- Kana mwana wako ava nemakore mashanu kana kupfuura, tarisa mwana kumativi ose emhuka. Usabvumira kusangana nechiso chemwana wako kana kutsvoda. Batsira mwana wako nekugunzva maoko mushure mokubata mhuka.
Ngarava Kudyara uye Mazai Edzimba
Sezvo kuchengeta huku uye kufara mazai emumba kwakakurumbira, zvinokosha kunzwisisa njodzi dze salmonella kubva pamabasa aya. Iwe unongotenga chete hukuku hupenyu huri hupenyu kana hupfumbwe kubva kune vanocheka vanozivikanwa neA USDA National Poultry Improvement Plan (USDA NPIP). Zvakanakisisa kuti usatora zvikuku zvako kubva kune vanoita varimi kana vamwe varimi vemashure.
Shandisa mazano aya kuti usapinda salmonella:
- Geza chikwama chako nguva dzose, uine magasiza uye shangu dzezvidzivirira kana shangu iwe unongoshandisa muhandi.
- Shandura zvokudya nemvura nguva dzose.
- Shamba maoko ako mushure mokubata chicken kana kuunganidza mazai uye uite saizvozvo kunze kana kushandisa sink risina kushandiswa pakugadzirira kudya.
- Gadzira ndiro dzekudyisa nezvimwe zvinhu kunze kunze kana mubhedheni risina kushandiswa pakugadzirira kudya, kuidzikisa ne bleach.
- Usadya, kunwa, kana kusvuta pedo neshiri dzako.
- Chengetedza shiri dzako dzichibuda mumba uye kure nedzimwe nzvimbo, kusanganisira patios panze, uko iwe unogadzirira kana kudya zvokudya.
- Usabvumira vana pasi pemakore mashanu kutenderedza shiri dzako uye kutarisa vamwe vana nevakuru kuitira kuti vabate shiri dzakachengeteka.
- Kana imwe shiri ichirwara, iiparadzanise kubva kune dzimwe shiri uye taura newachiremba wako.
- Iva nechokwadi kuti shiri dzako dzinowana zvirwere zvose zvinorayirwa.
- Kana ukashandisa mushonga wekuku semunda wekumunda, unofanirwa kuporeswa kwemazuva makumi mashanu musati washandiswa.
Shandisa izvi mazano ekuchengetedza kwemaawa kumba:
- Unganidza mazai mangwanani ose nemasikati.
- Kushambidza mazai mushure mekuunganidza hakukurudzirwi seCentral for Disease Control (CDC) inoti kushambidza mumvura inotonhora kunogona kukwevera mabhakitiriya mumazai. Uzvichenese kunze kunze kwebrashi kana shati.
- Rega mazai akanganisa kana asina kuchena.
- Refrigerate mazai mumaawa maviri kana pasi.
- Kana uri kutengesa mazai ako, tevera mitemo yese yekune imwe nyika uye zvinodhaka zvemasensi.
- Paunenge uchidya mazai ari pamusha, vapeke zvakakwana uye usadya mazai akaomeswa.
Kuziva Kubuda Kwemvura
Dhipatimendi rehutano hwehutano uye CDC inoda kuti zvipatara zvirondedze nyaya dze salmonellosis kuitira kuti vazive uye kuti vaone sei. Clinical laboratories inotumira sarumella kune Salmonella kumatunhu ehutano ehutano kuitira kuti rudzi rwakadaro rwugadziridzwe uye rwuenzaniswa nevamwe Salmonella munharaunda. Kana zviitiko zvizhinji zvichiitika panguva imwe chete, zvinogona kureva kuti resitorendi, zvokudya, kana mvura inenge ine dambudziko rinoda kururamiswa nedhipatimendi rehutano hwevanhu. Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vakawanda vasingatsvaki kurapwa kwechirongwa che salmonellosis chinomhanya chiitiko chaicho, avo vanoita vachabatsira pakucherechedza kwekubuda kwemvura.
Mashoko pamusoro pekubuda kwemazuva anogona kuonekwa pane CDC site. Mienzaniso yezvinoitika munguva pfupi yapfuura inosanganisira iyo inokonzerwa nehove mazai, kokonati, huku yekuku, zvikira zvakasvibirira, kratom, pet guinea nguruve, uye pet turtles. Iwe unogona kudonhera pasi kuti uone zvakananga zvekuputika.
Kana iwe uchinzwa mishumo yenhau yekuyeuka kwezvokudya zvichienderana nekutarisira salmonella kana zvirwere zvekudya, chengeta kuti uone kana iwe wakatenga izvo zvakarangarirwa mishonga. Usavaparadza.
> Sources:
> Kuchengetedza kuseri kwekukuvadza. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/features/salmonellapoultry/index.html.
> Salmonella. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/
> Salmonella Infection. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/diseases/salmonella.html.
> Salmonella Mibvunzo nemhinduro. USDA Zvokudya Zvokuchengetedza uye Kuongorora Basa. https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/foodborne-illness-and-disease/salmonella-questions- uye-mhinduro.
> Whiley H, Ross K. Salmonella uye Mazai: Kubva pakugadzirwa kusvika kuDheta. Tchounwou PB, ed. International Journal of Environmental Research Nehutano Hwevanhu . 2015; 12 (3): 2543-2556. doi: 10.3390 / jerph120302543.