Kudzidza Quantifies Chaicho-Kururamisa Munyika Yekutenderwa Kuongororwa kweAIDS Kuongororwa
Sezvo veUnited States vachida kuwedzera kukurumidza kuzivikanwa uye kurapwa kwevanhu vane HIV, chinangwa chikuru chakaiswa pakugadzirisa kukodzera kwekuongororwa kweHIV mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo-nyika kwete kungoita kuderedza nhamba yenhema dzakanaka uye dzisina kururama dzakaongororwa zvirwere zveHIV asi kuti zvive nani kuziva vanhu munguva yepakutanga (yakaoma) matanho ehutachiona apo ngozi yekupararira inonyanya kukwirira.
Kuti vaenzanise izvi, vatsvakurudzi vanobva kuYunivhesiti yeCalifornia, kuSan Francisco vakadzokorora kudarika makumi maviri nemakumi maviri nemashanu ekuongororwa kweHIV kwakapiwa pakati pemakore ekuma2003 na2008 mune rimwe remaguta rakanyanya kupfuura vanhu vakawanda. Pamarudzi mana eongororo inoshandiswa panguva ino-kubva kuchizvarwa chekutanga chechirwere chechirwere kusvika munguva ichangobva kupiwa mvumo, kuongororwa kwakakurumidza mumuromo-761 vanhu vakaonekwa kuti vane HIV (3.6% kuwandisa), asi 58 pavakaonekwa munguva yehutachiona hwehutachiona.
Chidzidzo chacho chaiva nechinangwa chekuenzanisa nekururama kwezvitsva zvitsva zvekuedza-kusanganisira 4th generation combine antigen / antibody test - nokudzorera ropa kubva kune vanhu 58 vakamboonekwa kuti vane utachiona hwehutachiona.
Kunyoresa kwaive kuenzaniswa zvose maererano nekunzwisisa (iyo yezana yemigumisiro yekuedza iyo yakanyatsonaka) uye zvakananga (iyo yezana yemigumisiro yekuedza iyo isina kururama).
| Test Type | Mutengo | Kunzwa kubva kuedzo 21,234 | Kunyanya kubva kuedzo 21,234 | Kushushikana kwehutachiona hwehutachiwana hunobva pamayero makumi mashanu |
| 1st generation antibody test (ropa) | Vironostika HIV-1 Microelisa | 92.3% | 100% | 0% |
| 3rd generation antibody test (ropa) | Genetic Systems HIV-1/2 | 96.2% | 100% | 34.5% |
| 3rd generation rapid antibody test (ropa) | OraQuick Advance | 91.9% | 100% | 5.2% |
| 3rd generation rapid antibody test (saliva) | OraQuick Advance | 86.6% | 99.9% | - |
| 3rd generation rapid antibody test (ropa) | Uni-gold Recombigen | - | - | 25.9% |
| 3rd generation rapid antibody test (ropa) | Multispot HIV 1/2 | - | - | 19.0% |
| 3rd generation rapid antibody test (ropa) | Clearview Stat Pak | - | - | 5.2% |
| 4th generation rapidly combine antigen / antibody test, (ropa) | Sarudza HIV 1/2 Ag / Ab Combo | - | - | 54.4% |
| 4th generation laboratory-based combination antigen / antibody test (lab) | ARCHITECT HIV / Ab Combo | - | - | 87.3% |
Zvose Izvi Zvinotitaurirei?
Chokutanga, kubva pakuona kwezvakananga, zviyero zvakasimbisa kuti chiitiko chezvipo zvenhema chinoramba chichiderera, kunyangwe pamwe nekuedzwa kwezera rekare.
Nokubvumirana, muyero wezvakaipa zvakashata zvakasiyana-siyana, pamwe neOraQuick Advance test nokukurumidza saliva test inoita zvakaipa, uye inopfuura imwe chete muvatachiri gumi nemashanu vari kuwana mutezo wenhema.
Nhamba yacho yakanyanya kuipa kana ichidzokorora ropa kubva pachirwere chetachiona. Pakati pemasero makumi mashanu akaenzana akaedzwa, chiitiko chechitatu chekuedza zvakakurumidza chakaitwa nekushungurudza kwe 5.2% chete kusvika 25.9%, zvinoreva kuti vazhinji vezvirwere zvakadaro havazoshandisi kushandisa izvi zvakakurumidza, antibody-based technologies.
Kunyangwe chizvarwa chechina Kudzidza nekukurumidza antigen / antibody test yakakwanisa kuziva hafu yezvipembenene zvakanyanya, pasinei nokufungidzira kunzwisisika kwe 96.6% uye zvakanyanya zve 100%. Maererano nevatsvakurudzi veUCSF, Determine yakashanda zvakanaka panguva yehutachiona hwehutachiona apo mutachiona hwehutachiona hwaive huri kupfuura 500 000 makopi / mL.
Hazvishamisi kuti lab-based ARCHITECT combination antigen / antibody t e st yakaita zvakanakisisa zvekugona kuedza. Nekufungidzirwa kwehutano hwepakati pe99.1% nehuwandu hwe 100%, kuongororwa kwakakwanisa kuziva inenge 90% yezvirwere zvakanyanya.
Izvi Zvinorevei Kwandiri?
Mukutaura kwekuedza kusarudzwa nekushanda, zvirevo zvinotevera zvinogona kutorwa zvakakodzera:
- Zvekutengeserana, pamusoro pehutachiona hweHIV huri kuita zvishoma zvakakwana zvakakwana, kwete chete pakuona hutachiona hwehutachiwana asi kuburikidza nekudzoka kwenhema yakaipa ye7% .
- Kusanganiswa kweHIV antigen / anti-antibody kunongororwa zvakanyanya zvakakwana kuti zviyero zvema anti-based-based based, kunyanya panguva yakaoma yehutachiona.
- Maitiro ekuongorora mabhuku aya achiri kutarisa pa-site-point-of-care, kuongororwa kweHIV, kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu ekubuda pachena kweHIV.
Nezvo zvichitaurirwa, kukwirira kwehukuru hwekunzwisisa kune chikamu chechikonzero chekuti zvimwe zviedzo zvinosarudzwa kune vamwe.
Semuenzaniso, nhamba inokosha yevanhu inokundikana kudzoka kune mitsva yeHIV shure kwekuedzwa. Nokudaro, kukwanisa kudzoka mhinduro yekuedzwa mukati memaminitsi makumi maviri nemakumi matatu ekuita kuongororwa nokukurumidza, kunyanya kana zvichibvumira makiriniki kuti ataure munhu anenge achangotarisira.
Saizvozvowo, vanhu vane nyaya dzekuvanza kana kuti kutya kwe HIV zvinogona kushandiswa zviri nani nekutora mukana wekutsvaga mumusha ( unofanirwa ).
Kunyange zvazvo pane zvishoma zvinyorwa zvekuongorora nhamba chaiye yevanhu vanobatanidzwa nekuchengetedza mushure mokunge vawana chiitiko chakanaka, mumusha, zvinofungidzirwa kuti kuongororwa kwakadaro kunopa nzvimbo yekupinda kune vakawanda vanogona kunge vasina kudzivirira zvivako kana zvirongwa zvemakiriniki.
Kunobva:
Pilcher, D .; Louie, B; Facente, S ;; et al. "Kuitwa kweRaidid Point-of-Care uye Kuedza kweBarabara kweAkaona uye Yakagadzirwa neHIV muSan Francisco." PLOS | Rimwe. December 12, 2013; DOI: 10.1371 / magazini.pone.0080629.
US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). "Kutanga Kukurumidza Kumba-Shandisa HIV Kit Yakagamuchirwa Kuti Uzviongorore." FDA Information Consumer Health Information. Silver Spring, Maryland; July 2012; gwaro: UCM311690.