Fungidzira iwe uri mutungamiri ari mutariri weboka reprojekti. Basa rako nderokufunga nezvezvinangwa zvepurojekiti uye zvinangwa zvinodiwa kuti uite zvinangwa. Zvadaro, iwe unofanirwa kushanda pamwe nekambani yako kuti uise pamwe chete nguva uye isa zvirongwa zvako mukuita. Zvinenge zviri kwauri kuti uve nezvose zvaunowana uye vashandi munzvimbo yako paunenge uchitsvaga kuitira kuti hurongwa huchayerera huchidzivirirwa - kusangana nemitambo yakatarwa panguva uye pane bhajeti.
Kana chimwe chinhu chichienda zvisina kunaka (mumwe munhu anorwara, kutora kunonoka, unoda zvimwe zvechimwe chinhu kupfuura iwe zvawakatarisira, nezvimwewo), iwe uchada kugadzirisa matambudziko ekugadzirisa matambudziko nekugadzirisa.
Kuti uite zvinangwa zvako, unoda ku:
- Kunzwisisa uye kuratidza zvose zvinangwa zvakakura uye zvinangwa zvinotarisirwa kuti zvizadzike zvinangwa
- Fungidzira uye tanga nguva yekushandisa matanho ose munzira
- Tungamira vanhu nemitemo inobatanidzwa pakuzadzisa zvinangwa
- Fungidzira uye uronga zvisingatarisirwi
- Kunyarara uye kunyatsogadzirisa matambudziko uye zvinetso
- Flexibly shandura iyo nzira, vanhu, kana nguva yekutarisana kuitira kuti utarame nechokwadi chaicho chaunotarisira kutarisira kusatarisira.
Zvinoshamisa, izvi ndizvo zvatinotarisira kuti vana vedu vaite apo patinokumbira kuti "vashandire pamwe chete mubasa rekuchikoro raunenge uchitaura mumavhiki matatu," kana kuti "shanda pamwe nevamwe vana kuti mutengese makiki kuitira kuti mugone kukwira zvakakwana mari yefambi yako. "
Kunyangwe zvinoshamisa, vana vakawanda - panguva iyo vari muchikoro chesekondari - vanogona kugadzirisa zvakadai zvakaoma, zvakasiyana-siyana, nguva dzisingatarisiri, mapurogiramu anobatana. Vanogona kunge vasina kukwana, asi vanonzwisisa zvinodiwa kuti zvibudirire.
Pachinzvimbo chakareruka, vana vaduku vanogona kutarisira hurongwa hwakaoma hwe "kuchenesa imba yekutamba uye kugadzirira kudya kwemanheru." Vanogona kutarisa kune chinangwa chikuru-nekufungidzira kuburikidza nhanho dzinodiwa kuti dzigadzirise mukamuri, kushambidza maoko, maoko akaoma, uye kubatsira kubvisa tafura - uye nekuisa matanho iwayo kuita.
Vakagadzira (kana vari mukugadzirisa kwekuvandudza) nheyo yeyanyanzvi dzinozivikanwa se "executive functioning."
Nei Chigaro cheKutevedzeri Chishanda Saka Tough yevanhu vane Autism?
Autism spectrum disorder inoratidzirwa nehumwe unyanzvi hwevanhu uye kukanganisa. Vakawanda (kunyange kwete yose) vanhu vane autism:
- Akakosha pakuona zvakanyatsojeka, asi ane nguva yakaoma kuona chifananidzo chikuru nekunzwisisa izvo zvinyorwa zvakakosha pane iyo mifananidzo yakareba.
- Unofanirwa kutevera purogiramu uye maitiro, asi une nguva yakaoma kuchinja mafaira acho kana maitiro.
- Unogona kunzwisisa uye kutevera mitemo, asi unogumburwa kana mitemo ichivhunika kana yakakotama.
- Ive nechinetso chekusimbisa kutsvaga nekukurudzirwa kana uchiita chimwe chinhu chisingaiti chinonakidza kwavari.
- Iva nenguva yakaoma kuchinja kubva pane chimwe chinhu kusvika kune chinotevera .
- Iva nenguva yakaoma kubudirira kutaura zvinoda uye zvinoda kune vamwe.
- Usakwanisa kutevedzera mafambiro evamwe pasina kutungamirirwa zvakananga kuti uite kudaro (somuenzaniso, zvisingaiti kutarisa kwakapoteredza, cherechedza kuti munhu wese ari kugadzirira kuenda, uye anoita zvakafanana).
- Iva nematambudziko ne "kushanda chiyeuchidzo" (kukwanisa kugadzirisa nekushandisa zvidimbu zvakawanda zvemashoko uye zvinotarisirwa panguva imwechete).
- Unogona kushanda nekhonkeri zvinhu uye zvinotarisirwa zviri nyore nyore pane zvisinganzwisisiki.
- Iva nematambudziko ne "chirevo chepfungwa" (kunzwisisa kuti vamwe 'havazivi, vagovana, vanonzwa, kana kunzwisisa zviri mukati memafungo ako).
Kutarisa pane urongwa uhwu, zvimwe uchacherechedza kuti huzhinji hwehuhu hunhu hunopesana zvakananga neunhu hunodiwa kuti hutungamiri hwakanaka hushande. Kana iwe usingaoni mufananidzo mukuru, hausi wechinetso chekugadzirisa zvinetso, uye uine "unyanzvi hwevanhu," haunzwisisi kuva mutungamiri akanaka weprojekiti. Iwe uchange uinewo nguva yakaoma kuronga uye nekuita matanho akawanda panguva imwe chete - kunyanya kana matanho iwayo ari asina kugadziriswa (kufunga nezvema nguva kusiyana nekuvaka muenzaniso).
Kuvaka (uye Kushanda Pasi Nezvinodikanwa) Maitiro Akashanda Akashanda Kushanda
Vamwe vanhu vane autism havazombovi nehutano hwakanaka hwekushanda. Izvozvo zvakati, zvisinei, zvinokwanisika kuvaka nekushanda zvakanakira kudiwa kwehutano hwakadai-mune zvimwe zviitiko zvichiita kuti zvikwanise kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma pasina kuoma kukuru.
Kuvaka Maitiro Akakosha Okushanda
- Heano maitiro mashomanana anogona kubatsira kuwedzera uye kusimbisa sarudzo yekushanda:
- Mirayiridzo yakananga: Zvimwe zvikamu zvehutungamiri hunogona kudzidziswa kuburikidza nemirairo yakawanda nekuraira. Somuenzaniso, zvinokwanisika kudzidzisa unyanzvi hwokufunga kuburikidza nhanho dzinotarisirwa kuguma; kuti apedze mamwe mabasa pamberi pevamwe; kushandisa nguva yekushandisa mashandisi akadai semakendende; kuti apedze mabasa mamwechete panguva imwe chete zuva rimwechete kana vhiki, nezvimwewo. Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vakawanda vachiita sevanodzidza hutano uhwu pasina mirayiridzo yakananga, pane vanhu vakawanda - autistic kana kwete-vanogona kubatsirwa nemirairo yekugadzirisa nguva.
- Mutamba Wechikwata: Unofanira kuitei paunenge uine dambudziko remukatikati? Nekutamba-kutamba uye kutaura nematambudziko akadaro, vanhu vakawanda vevidistic vanogona kudzidzira uye kuva vanyanzvi pakugadzirira uye kutora matanho anonzwisisika.
- Kugadzirisa Kuita Maedzo: Pamba kana mukirasi, zvinokwanisika kugadzirisa mamiriro ekuderedza anodikanwa anoda unyanzvi hukuru hwekushanda. Mabasa anowanzoita sekugeza, kuomesa, kupeta, uye kubvisa mbatya zvinoda kuronga matanho akawanda, kutarisira nguva, nekutsungirira.
- Kuvandudza Nheyo dzeZvamwe Nokugadzikana: Chii chandingaita kana dambudziko risingatarisirwi richiuya apo ini ndiri kuedza kupedzisa basa (somuenzaniso - Ndinomhanya kunze kwekudzivirira, mumwe munhu ari kushandisa shamberi, ndakakanganwa mbatya yepamusoro yepamusoro yepamusoro, nezvimwewo. )? Nhau dzevanhu, kunyanya kana dzakanyorwa pamwechete, dzinogona kupa mhinduro dzemibvunzo yakadaro kuitira kuti kushushikana kusapindira nekuita kuti basa riite.
Workarounds
Kunyange zvazvo zvichikwanisika kuvaka dzimwe hutungamiri hukuru hwehutano, mikana ndeyokuti vanhu vane autism vachawana unyanzvi hwakadaro hwakaoma kunzwisisa. Nokuda kweiyo, kune maitiro akafanana neaya:
- Shandisa mapurogiramu kuti uone nguva. Alarms, vanoona nguva nguva, uye zvimwe zvishandiso zvinogona kuchengetedza vanhu vanozvimirira pamigwagwa, kunyange kana vasingafungi nezvenguva.
- Shandisa zviyeuchidzo zvinoyevedza uye zvirongwa. Ndeipi matanho aidiwa kuti uwane machiyoro aya? A laminated photo-based step-by-step poster muimba yekuchenesa inogona kukuchengetedza.
- Zviputse. Panzvimbo ye "kugadzirira chikoro," funga kuputsa mabasa mumaduku maduku akadai se "kuvhuna mazino," "kupfeka," nezvakadaro.
- Edzai makaroti panzvimbo pekumira. Kukundikana kupedzisa basa kunogona kuguma nemigumisiro yakarongwa kana yepanyama: tsvina kana mvura yakapfeka shangu, somuenzaniso. Asi kana basa racho raitwa zvakanaka, hapana anoona. Funga kupa zvipo zviduku, zvinooneka zvebasa rakaitwa zvakanaka uye zvakakwana.
- Shandisa Buddy system. Zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kuramba uri panzira kana iwe ukangotanga kutsauswa kana kuti kwete kunyanya kuisa pabasa. Ndiine shamwari - kunyanya uyo anonyanya kufunga nezvekuita - iwe unogona kubudirira.
- Ita zvishoma nzira yacho. Hungu, iwe unofanirwa kuparadzaniswa usati washamba, uye kana uchinge uoma-asi kana ukageza zvose pamwe chete uye uchengete wakachena iwe usina mubhadhaki, unogona kutora matanho maviri kubva pane izvozvi uye STILL anosvika pane imwechete ( yakachena, yakaoma undies).