Kukurukurirana kwakanaka kune chiremba (kana mazino kana chipatara) kunokosha. Vachiziva izvi, vanyori veAmericans vane Disability Act (ADA) vaisanganisira mutauro wakananga pamusoro pekutsvaga kwekutaura kwevatsi uye vakaoma vanhu vanonzwa. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, kwakave nezviitiko zvakawanda zvekukundikana (kana kuramba zvakananga) kwezvipatara zvekupa vashanduri vemutauro wemasaini.
Nyaya iyi yakandibata ini pachako. Nokuda kwekutaura kusingabatsiri, ndakapotsa ndakarasikirwa nerino rakanaka kuti ndibudiswe nokuti chiremba wamazino haana kutaura zvakanaka. Ndakanga ndiri pachigaro chechiremba chiremba paakaona zvakanyanya ma-x-rays, ainzi office remadzinza, uye ndakatsunga kuti handina kudiwa zino rakabviswa.
Chinyorwa III cheAdA
Chinyorwa III cheAdA chinosvika kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekugara kwevanhu. Subchapter III - Nzvimbo dzeHurumende dzeHurumende Uye Nheyo Dzakashandiswa Nevamwe Dare Rega, Chikamu 12181, Tsanangudzo, inotaura kuti mienzaniso inotevera yemasangano ega ega inotarisirwa kugaramo kwevanhu vose:
(F) chikafu chekuchenesa, chakaoma-tsvina, bhizinesi, mabhizinesi, mabhizimisi, basa rekufambisa, shangu yekugadzira shangu, nzvimbo yekuviga, gesi, hofisi yemabhuku kana gweta, pharmacy, inshuwarisi ofisi, mahofisi ehurumende yehutano wehutano , chipatara , kana imwe sangano rebasa;
Uyezve, Dhipatimendi reRuramisiro reChinyorwa III rinoti:
Nzvimbo dzekugara kwevanhu vose dzinosanganisira ... mahofisi ezvechiremba, zvipatara , ...
Izvo zvinotsanangurwa zvinoreva kuti dzimba dzevanhu dzinofanirwa "Ipai zvinhu zvinobatsira apo pazvinodiwa kuti muve nechokwadi chekukurukurirana zvinobudirira kunze kwekuti mutoro usingakoshi kana kuti kuchinja kukuru kunoguma." (Kushandurwa kwemashoko kunoreva kuti kwaizove kwakakosha pamabhizimisi.
Somuenzaniso, chiremba haazokwanisi kupa rubatsiro rwemishonga).
Ndeipi Inopindurirwa Inokosha?
I "rubatsiro rubatsiro" sezvinotsanangurwa neADA zvinoreva " vashanduri vanokwanisa kana mamwe maitiro anobatsira ekugadzirisa zvinhu zvakagadziriswa zvinowanikwa kune vanhu vane utsi hwekunzwa." Nzira dzakasiyana dzinoreva nzira dzakadai sekunyora zvakare uye papepa kana kushandisa nzira dzekukurukurirana dzekombiyuta. Saka muturikiri anodikanwa rini? Uyu mubvunzo unonyatsopindurwa neDhipatimendi reRubatsiro ADA Technical Assistance Manual.
Bhuku re ADA Technical Assistance Manual, rinopindura mubvunzo wekuti "Ndiani anosarudza kuti ndeupi rubatsiro rwebetsero runofanira kupiwa?" nekutaura kuti nzvimbo yekugara kwevanhu, eghofisi yechiremba, inoita kuti "chisarudzo chekupedzisira" chekuti nzira ipi yekushandisa, chero bedzi nzira inosarudzwa inoguma mukukurukurirana kunobudirira . Ikoko kunogona kusagadzikana pane izvo zvinoreva kuburikidza kukurukurirana. The Technical Assistance Manual inoti:
Chiremba anofanira kupiwa mukana wekutarisana nemurwere uye kuzviita kuzvidzivirira kuzvimiririra kune rudzi rwepi rubatsiro rwebetsero, kana runo, runodikanwa kuti ruve nechokwadi chekukurukurirana kunobudirira. Kana murwere achifunga kuti chisarudzo chechiremba hachizotungamiri pakukurukurirana zvinobudirira, saka murwere anogona kukakaidza chisarudzo ichi pasi peGwaro rechitatu kuburikidza nekupomera mhosva kana kutumira kunyunyuta neDhipatimendi reRuramisiro ...
The Technical Assistance Manual ine mienzaniso chaiyo yekuti muturikiri anodikanwa kana kana muturikiri asina kudiwa. Kuwedzera kwa1999 kuBhuku reKubatsira Inoshandiswa kunotaura mienzaniso miviri. Mumuenzaniso wokutanga, munhu anonzwa matsi anoenda kuna chiremba kuti ave nechiitiko chekuongorora; manotsi uye zviratidzo zvinonzi zvinogamuchirwa. Muchiitiko chechipiri, munhu iyeye matsi anenge achingova nesitiroko uye anoda kunyatsoongorora; muturikiri anonzi anodikanwa nokuti kutaura kunowedzera zvakadzama.
Kuwana Madaktari, Vanachiremba Mazino, Zvipatara Kuti Vabvumire
Chimwe chipingamupinyi chekuwana vatsanduri ndicho "mutoro usingakoshi".
Kuti varwise izvi, National Association of the Deaf (NAD) ine chinyorwa chepaIndaneti chinotaurira matsi kuti vazivise vatarisi vehutano vasati vatarwa, kuti vanoda muturikiri. Mukuwedzera, inotaura kuti mutapi wehutano anofanira kubhadhara muturikiri kunyange kana mutengo wemuturikiri wakakwirira kudarika mutengo wekushanyira. Pasi penyaya iyi, pane zvibatanidza kumatambudziko iyo NAD Mutemo uye Advocacy Centre yakabatanidzwe. A yakabatana, yakadzama NAD chikamu chemashoko, Mibvunzo uye Mhinduro dzeVatapi Vezvokupa Utano, ine mamwe mashoko anokosha akadai sekuti mari yemuturikiri kuna chiremba inogona kuvharwa nekwereti yemutero.
Mediated Interpreter Cases
Dhipatimendi reRubatsiro rine chirongwa che ADA Mediation, apo mapato anotaurirana mhinduro inogamuchirwa. Izvi zvakapfupikisa mienzaniso yematongerwo emhosva ekubatanidza vashanduri pazvipatara zvakapiwa paDA Mediation Program peji:
- Chiremba uyo akaramba kubhadhara muturikiri akabvuma kubhadhara vaturikiri.
- Mumwe chiremba akabvumirana kubhadhara vaturikiri uye kuchengeta runyoro rwevashanduri vakakodzera kuti vashevedze.
ADA Mhosva Inosanganisira Vashanduri
Dhipatimendi reHurumende rinobudisa hurukuro yepaIndaneti, Hurukuro dzeHarare dzeInternet nhau, dzine mienzaniso yemhosva dzinosanganisira vanachiremba, mazino, uye zvipatara. Pasi panopfupikiswa mienzaniso yakawanikwa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvechipatara, varwere vane matsi kana kunzwa vakange vari muimba yepamhanho apo vaida asi havana kuwana vaturikiri, uye / kana vakanga vasina vashanduri muchipatara chavo vachigara.
Varwere vaigara vachinzwa mishonga uye nzira dzisinganzwisisi zvaive zvichiitika, kana nhengo dzemhuri dzakamanikidzwa kuita mabasa asina kukodzera sevashanduri ve-ad-hoc.
- August 2007: Chipatara cheRhode Island chakagara uye chinobvumirana kupa vashanduri.
- June 2007: Chipatara cheVirginia chigadzirisa uye chinobvumirana kupa vashanduri kune nhengo dzemhuri dzisina maturo dzekunzwa varwere.
- December 2006: Chipatara cheLouonana chakagadzikana uye chinobvumirana kupa vashanduri kune varwere matsi.
- Gumiguru 2006: Chipatara cheFlorida chakagadzikana uye chakabvumirana kupa vashanduri.
- Nyamavhuvhu 2006: Chipatara cheMallland chakanga chatotanga kushandisa shanduro yemavhidhiyo, yakabvumirana kupa mishandisirwo yakawanda yevhidhiyo kududzira maitiro.
- June 2006: Eight matambudziko:
- Dare reDental Indiana rakabvumirana kupa vashanduri kuti zvive nyore.
- Mumwe chiremba weMinnesota akabvumirwa kupa vashanduri.
- Mumwe chiremba weGeorgia anobvumirwa kupa vashanduri.
- Mumwe chiremba mune imwe nzvimbo yekumaruwa yeNevada akabvuma kupa vashanduri.
- Mumwe chiremba weFlorida anobvumirwa kupa vashanduri.
- Mumwe chiremba weMichigan akabvumirana kupa vashanduri pane kukumbira matsi murwere kushandisa nhengo yemhuri.
- Mumwe dentist weNevada akabvuma kupa hukuru hwekukurukurirana.
- Mumwe muongorori weUnited States akabvumirana kupa vashanduri.
- February 2006: Chipatara cheDelaware chakabvumirwa kupa vashanduri. Murwere akanga asina muturikiri mune imwe nzvimbo yekukurumidzira kana nguva yose yekugara kwake.
- Nyamavhuvhu 2005: Chipatara cheWashington, DC chakabvuma kupa muturikiri kana mamwe mazano anoshanda.
- December 2004: Vatatu matambudziko:
- Mumwe chipatara cheMallinnia chakabvuma kupa vashanduri.
- MuTennessee, vanachiremba vatatu vakabvumirana kupa vashanduri kumuteereri mumwe chete mutsi.
- Mumwe dentist weku Iowa wakabvuma kupa vashanduri.
Sources (yakasvika 11/21/07):
ADA Technical Assistance Manual 1994 Kuwedzera, http://www.ada.gov/taman3up.html
ADA Chinyorwa III Bhuku reKubatsira kweMhizha, http://www.ada.gov/taman3.html
VaAmerica vane Dambudziko Rokutenda muna 1990, http://www.ada.gov/pubs/ada.htm
Dhipatimendi reHurumende ADA Mediation Program, http://www.ada.gov/mediate.htm
Disability Rights Online News, http://www.usdoj.gov/crt/ada/disabilitynews.htm
Vanachiremba - National Association of the Deaf, http://www.nad.org/doctors
Chinyorwa III Chinokosha, http://www.ada.gov/t3hilght.htm