Zviratidzo zve autism zvinokurumidza sei?
Hapana hutachiona hunozivikanwa hunozivikanwa hunoti "kucheka-kutanga autism." Ichokwadi, iyo DSM-5, iyo inorondedzera uye inotsanangura zvose zvinokonzera kukura uye kwepfungwa, inotaura zvakajeka kuti "Kutanga kwezviratidzo kuri munguva yekutanga kukura."
Asi pane zvakawanda zvezvinyorwa kunze uko pamusoro pevana vanoita sevanodzokorora shure kwemakore avo ekutanga mushure mokunge vachinjwa.
Uye kune vanhu vazhinji vanoita sevari kukura zviratidzo zvevhisi kana vechidiki.
Saka zvinodzvinyirira kana kuti nguva yekupedzisira-autism inowanikwa here? Chii chatinoziva nezvazvo kusvika zvino?
Havana Vakwegura Vana Kana Vakuru Vanogona Kukudziridza Autism
Kutanga, nekutaura, vana vakwegura, vechidiki, uye vanhu vakuru havasi kuwedzera autism. Zvechokwadi, kuitira kuti ukwanise kuwana chaiwo autism spectrum kugadziriswa , unofanira kunge uine zviratidzo zvinowanikwa munguva yehuduku (kureva, tisati tava nemakore matatu). Nokudaro, kana iwe uchiziva munhu mukuru kana mwana mukuru akangoerekana abuda, kunze kwebhuruu, akavandudza maitiro kana hutano nyaya dzekutaurirana , hausi kuona mumwe munhu akawana autism.
Vanhu vanoita sevari kuerekana vazvibata mumutambo we "autistic" vangangodaro vakagadzira imwe yehumwe humwe humwe hutano hwehutano hwepfungwa, humwe hwahwo hunonyanya kuonekwa mukukura kwevanhu vakuru. Autism-kufanana nemitemo inogona kubva pamatambudziko akawanda akasiyana-siyana kubva mune zvemagariro evanhu kusvika kune hutano hunoita kuti munhu ave nekunyanyisa kuora mwoyo.
Izvi ndizvo zvinetso zvakakomba izvo zvinoita kuti munhu agone kushanda zvakanaka, kuita kana kuchengetedza shamwari, kana kubata basa, uye vanofanira kutarisirwa. Asi ivo havasi autism.
Zviratidzo Zvokutanga-Kutanga Zvingave Zvinozivikanwa Gare gare Muhupenyu
Zvadaro, zvakakosha kusiyanisa pakati pekucherechedza kwekupedzisira kwezviratidzo uye kunonoka kwezviratidzo.
Maererano neDMM-5 kuongororwa kwemaitiro: "Zviratidzo zvinofanira kuvapo munguva yekutanga yekukura (asi zvingave zvisingazovi pachena kusvikira zvido zvevanhu zvikapfuura zvishoma zvishoma, kana kuti zvingave zvakasvibiswa nemaitiro akadzidziswa muupenyu hwemakore) ."
Mune nyaya yekusimudzira autism , somuenzaniso, hazvisi zvisiri izvo kumwana ( kana kunyange munhu mukuru ) kuti awane hutano hwakawanda shure kwevana vakawanda vanoonekwa kuti vane autism- asi izvi hazvirevi kuti zviratidzo zvakangoerekana zvavapo. Pane kudaro, zviratidzo izvi hazvina kunyatsooneka kuti zvinonguva nenguva iyo maitiro avo anova pachena. "Zviratidzo" zvakajairika pakati pevasikana, avo vanowanzoita, somuenzaniso, kutevera vamwe kutungamira kana kuti kunyanya kutadza kuitira kuti vasati vazive se "vakasiyana."
Kuzvidzora Kunogona Kuve Kwechokwadi kana Kuonekwa
Mumakore mashomanana adarika, pane imwe nharo pamusoro pokuti kuregererwa chinhu chaicho kana chakaonekwa; vamwe vakashamisika kana vabereki vauyo vakanyanyisa. Vhidhiyo zvinyorwa, zvisinei, zvakasanganiswa neongororo, zvinoratidza zvakajeka kuti zvimwe vana vanoita zvekare vachidzokorora mu autism asi vamwe vanoratidza zviratidzo zve autism mucheche kana "plateau" mukuvandudza kwavo.
Chimwe chezvidzidzo zvitsva zvichitarisa vana vadiki vaduku vevana vane autism mumwedzi yavo yekutanga zvikuru vachiona kuti kutonga kwakashata kwakanyanya.
Kunyange vabereki vachigona kuona nharo dzakadai sokurasikirwa kwemutauro kana kutarisana neziso, vatsvakurudzi vari kuona kurasikirwa kuduku munzvimbo dzekudzidzira motokari uye kupindura kumagariro evanhu. Kudzora kwakadaro kunowanzoitika vasati vava nemakore matatu: maererano nekutsvakurudza kwakaitwa Lonnie Zwaigenbaum , " vanopfuura 20 kusvika ku30 muzana vanoyeuka nguva iyo vana vavo vakarasikirwa nehutano hwevanhu uye hwekukurukura mugore repiri rehupenyu."
Parizvino, hapana anoziva chaicho chinokonzera kukanganisa asi, maererano nemutsvakurudzi Paul Wang, "Tinonzwisisa iye zvino kuti kutonga kwakakurumbira, kunotanga mangwanani, uye kunogona kukanganisa unyanzvi hwakawanda hwekuvandudza."
Sources:
> Autism Inotaura. Vatsvakurudzi vanoti kudzvinyirira mu autism zvakafanana, zvakasiyana, zvichida zviripo. Webhu. 2016.
> Barger, BD, Campbell, JM & McDonough, JD Kuwandisa uye kutanga kwekutonga mukati mevhesi yezvitevedzeri: meta-analytic review. J Autism Dev Disord (2013) 43: 817. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1621-x DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1621-x
> Dobbs, David. Kudzora rheineni mukugadzirira. Spectrum News, August, 2017.