Makore 20 Ekutanga: 1984-2003
Nhoroondo yekutanga yehutachiona hwekudzivirira hutachiwana hweHIV yaiva imwe yemariro uye zvipikirwa. Panguva iyo chirwere cheHIV chakawanikwa, masayendisiti, vezvematongerwe enyika, uye vashandi vezvimwechete vose vakatenda kuti chirwere cheAIDS chakange chakatenderera pakona. Paiva nevashori, asi kazhinji pane zvivimbiso. Zvakatora makore makore esati tariro isati yatsiviwa nekudzwa mwoyo. Shandisa iyi mhedziso yekudzidza nezvemakore emakore makumi maviri ekutanga ekudzivirira chirwere cheHIV.
1984
HIV-1 inowanikwa. AIDS haisisiri chirwere chakavanzika. Masayendisiti anotanga kutarisira kuti vangave vakakwanisa kuvaka chirwere chekuzvidzivirira pane chirwere chinonzi, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, "Gay Plague."
Munguva yemusangano weChirungu weApril, Munyori weUnited States weUnited States Margaret Heckler anotaura kuti chirwere cheAIDS chinofanira kutarisirwa kuongororwa mukati memakore maviri.
1985
Kurwisa kwekuvhara HIV kunotanga nemwoyo wose. Zvinosuruvarisa, masayendisiti anotambudzwa nezvinetso. Icho chinotarisa kuti HIV inonyatsokodzera kugadziriswa kurwisa nzira dzakawanda dzekudzivirira chirwere.
1986
Chirwere chekutanga cheHIV chinogamuchirwa kumakiriniki ekuedzwa.
1987
Imwe nyaya iri mumagazini inonzi Nature inotaura kuti chimpanze dzose mumuedzo wokuzvidzivirira dzakapindwa nehutachiona hweHIV kunyange zvazvo dzakagadzira zvose zvirwere zvechirwere chetachiona uye chetachiona mushure mokunge tachiwana chirwere. Mukuonazve, uku ndiko kukundikana kunoreva.
Dambudziko reAIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) rinoumbwa kuti rive nerunhare rwezvipatara zvinogona kushandiswa pakuongororwa kweHIV.
Kutanga kliniki yekuedzwa kwechirwere cheHIV inotanga kuUnited States. Ichi chikamu I kuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedza kunyoresa 138 vanozvipira vane hutano, vasina hutachiwana uye vanoona kuti chirwere chemugodhi hachina matambudziko makuru.
1988
Ivha yeAIDS Vaccine Test Group (AVEG) inotanga kunyora vanozvipira.
1989
Masayendisiti anozivisa kubudirira kwekuvandudzwa kweSIV (simian immunodeficiency virus) chirwere chinochengetedza boka duku remonke kubva kune utachiona.
1990
Chimwe chinyorwa muBurune magazine chinotaura kuti pane inogona kuva nehutachiona hweHIV musati wasvika 1993.
1991
Pasteur-Merieux Connaught chirongwa chekuvhara HIV chinotanga.
Chirwere chekutanga chekuedza AIDS chakaedzwa muUnited States chinonzi chakachengeteka.
Pakupera kwegore, mabhizimisi makumi mapfumbamwe nemaviri akapiwa hutachiona hweHIV.
1992
Nzira yekutanga yeNIH inobhadhara chikamu II chekudzivirira chirwere cheHIV chinotanga. Inonyora vanhu vane ngozi yakanyanya uye inovarayira kuti varege kuita zvinhu zvinokuvadza.
AVEG inotanga chirwere chekutanga chekudzivirira chirwere-yakagadzirirwa kurambidza chirwere chekuwedzera panzvimbo yekudzivisa kutanga utachiona hweHIV. Inonyora varume nevakadzi vane HIV vane HIV.
1993
Chirwere chekutanga chekudzivirira chirwere chinosanganisa kusanganisira vana vasina HIV vane utachiona hweHIV uye vakadzi vane pamuviri vane hutachiona hweHIV vanotanga.
Chirwere chekutanga cheNIAID chirwere cheHIV chekuzvinyora kunyoresa vanhu vane hutachiwana hweHIV hwakatangira hutanga.
IWorld Health Organization neHurumende yeThailand inobatanidza kukurudzira hurongwa hwenyika yehutachiona hweHIV.
Massachusetts inodudza hurumende yekutanga yakabhadharwa kuedza kwechirwere chekuchengetedza HIV.
1994
I-NIH inonyora mazano pamusoro pevanhu vashoma vanobatanidzwa mumatambudziko emakiriniki.
Chirwere chekutanga chekuchengetedzwa kweHIV muchipatara muAsia chinowedzera.
1995
Zano rezano rinotumira kutumira chirwere cheSalk chirwere cheHIV mumuedzo weChikamu III.
1996
Mitezo yeChikamu III chechirwere cheSalk, ikozvino chinonzi Remune, vanotanga kunyora muUnited States neThailand.
IAIDS International Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) yakasikwa.
Gp160 chirwere chinopedzisa chinopedzisa kubudirira, asi chinokundikana kudzivirira HIV kana kuti kuderedza chirwere chechirwere.
1997
Mutungamiri Bill Clinton anoisa chinangwa chekudzivirira chirongwa cheHIV mumakore gumi. Achiri kutaura neboka revadzidzi kuMorgan State University, anoti "Haisisiri mubvunzo wekuti tinokwanisa kukura chirwere cheAIDS, inongova mubvunzo wekuti ndeipi.
Uye haikwanise kuuya zuva zvakare nokukurumidza, "uye inovimbisa kuumba sangano rakatsvakurudza rekutsvaga HIV mune National Institutes of Health.
Zvinopfuura makumi mapfumbamwe nemaviri (95) zvirwere zvekudzivirira HIV zvakapedzwa.
Varume vanopfuura 2 000 varume nevadzimai vakapinda muchirongwa chekuvhara ropa muchirwere cheAIDS Vaccine Assessment Unit nzvimbo dziri kuU.S.
UNAIDS inosangana musangano kuti ikurukure nyaya dzetsika dzinobatanidza nekuita chirwere chekudzivirira chirwere cheHIV munyika dzichiri kusimukira.
1998
Vaxgen anotanga chikamu III miedzo yevadzidzi vavo vachengetedzwa vachengeti veAIDS AIDSVAX.
1999
The Data Safety Monitoring Board inopedza miedzo ye Phase III Remune apo hapana misiyano inowanikwa pakati pemishonga uye mapoka e placebo.
Uganda inova nzvimbo yekutongwa kwekutanga kweAIDS yeAIDS.
Vaxgen anotanga kutora chirongwa cheAIDSVAX muThailand.
2000
IHIV Vaccine Trial Network inoumbwa. IHVTN isangano rehurumende-yega yega yevamwe vatsvakurudzi vachakwanisi. Inotarisana neFred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center muSeattle, uye inotsigirwa neNIH.
UNAIDS inotaura nhungamiro yepamutemo yehutano pamusoro pemitemo yehutachiwana hweHIV mune dzimwe nyika dziri kusimukira.
Chirwere chekudzivirira hutachiwana hweHIV chinotanga kuKenya.
Chikamu I chekuedza kwekuvhara DNA yakashama inotangwa.
2001
Vatsvakurudzi veNIH vanosangana nemapoka emunharaunda kuti vaongorore kubatanidzwa kwevechiri kuyaruka mukuongororwa kweHIV.
A May inosunungurwa kubva kuHVTN inozivisa kuti ine zvirwere zvina zvinoenderera mberi zvekuzvidzivirira kweHIV, uye imwe inoronga kutanga mushure megore.
Mhosva yeChishanu-Boost urongwa hunowanikwa kuratidzira kuvimbiswa mumonke.
2002
AIDSInfo inorarama.
GlaxoSmithKline anozivisa kuti ichazotanga miedzo yehutachiona hweHIV yakatarira paNefTat uye gp120.
Merck anotanga kuchengeteka miedzo yegag vaccine.
2003
Inoparidzirwa kuti chirwere cheAIDSVAX muThailand chakakundikana.
Chirwere cheEpimmune HIV-1090 chinopinda muchikamu chekutanga I. Ikoko chirwere chinosvika 21 chakagadzirwa zvakagadzirwa neHIV DNA zvinokonzerwa nezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvehutachiwana zvakanyanya kuchengetedzwa. Chinangwa chayo ndechokurudzira cytotoxic T cell response. Ndiyo mutevedzeri wokutanga wekudzivirira AIDS kunodzidziswa panguva imwe chete muAmerica uye kune dzimwe nyika.
- Kunzwisisa Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes
Merck neAventis team kuti vaite chiyero chemishonga yavo yegag pamwe chete panzvimbo 18.
Sources:Coulter AH "Ikozvino Mamiriro Ezvokugadziriswa Kwekuzvidzivirira: Isu Tine Vose Vakapfigwa Here?" Zvirwere Zvirwere Zvokutarisira. June 1992, 6 (3): 123-125.
Deeks SG uye Walker BD "Human Immunodeficiency Virus Controllers: Nzira dzekuchengetedzwa kweVirus Virus muKutadza kweAnterretroviral Therapy" Kusagadzikana. 2007; 27: 406-16.
Dolgin E. "Zvirongwa zvitsva zvinopa tariro yekudzivirira chirwere cheHIV" Nature News. Svondo 3. 2009. (Yakabvumirwa paIndaneti 10/1/09)
Miedema F. "Nhoroondo shomanana yekutsvakurudza kweHIV: kutsvaga kubhodhi?" AIDS. 2008 Sep 12; 22 (14): 1699-703.
Murphey-Corb M et al. "Chirwere cheSIV chakakwana-inactivated yose inopa kudzivirirwa mu macaques" Sayenzi. 1989 Dec 8; 246 (4935): 1293-7.
Walker BD, Burton DR. "Kutarisa chirwere cheAIDS." Sayenzi. 2008 May 9; 320 (5877): 760-4.
Mishonga yeChirwere yeHIV Vaccines - NIAID Fact Sheet. http://www.niaid.nih.gov/factsheets/clinrsch.htm (Yakasvika 10/1/09)
HVTN Fact Sheet. http://www.hvtn.org/media/FactSheet.pdf (Yakapiwa 10/1/09)
WHO: Chechitatu ye forum yeAfrica AIDS Vaccine Program http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2005/pr53/en/index.html (Yakasvika 10/1/09)
AIDS Chirwere Chirwere Chekuongorora Nhamba. http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/Vaccines/MainSearch.aspx?strPreventive=on&strTherapeutic=on&strSponsor=All&strRecruiting=on&status=1&strNoRecruiting=on&NRstatus=1 (Yakasvika 10/1/09)
AIDS Info Press Release: HIV / AIDS Zvirwere http://www.aidsinfo.nih.gov/aprs/release.aspx?an=A00070 (Yakasvika 10/1/09)
AEGIS Fact Sheet - Clinical Research pamusoro peHIV neAIDS Vaccineshttp: //www.aegis.org/factshts/NIAID/1997/niaid97_fact_sheet_clinrsch.html (Kuwana 10/1/09)
KUVIMBISA KUTSVIRIRA KWEVANHU KWEAIDS Pane tariro chaiyo mushure mezvose: Chirwere chekuchengetedza chinogona kuva pano muna 1993. Dzimwe mishonga inowanikwa nokukurumidza inofanira kuderedza kana kutomisa chirwere chisina matambudziko. February 26, 1990 Fortune Magazine. http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1990/02/26/73115/index.htm (Yakasvika paIndaneti 10/1/09)
AIDS Vaccine Bulletin Special Issue - 2005 Gore rekuongorora. January 2006 • Vol.4 • No.1 http://www.iavi.org/lists/iavipublications/attachments/11b8f27a-4f78-4a9f-9e52-167f3f522901/iavi_vax_table_jan_2006_eng.pdf (Accessed 10/1/09)